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Daily max temperature records of National Meteorological Information Center from 1961 to 2009 over China mainland are divided into three climate states of 19611990,19712000,19812009 (just called StateⅠ, StateⅡ, State Ⅲ respectively). Most probable temperature(MPT) and extreme temperature events are defined according to the skewed function. The spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of frequency and strength of extreme temperature events over China mainland in different climate sates against the backdrop of MPT are analyzed. Spatially, frequency and strength of extremly high temperature in summer decrease significantly in the Yangtze-Huaihe river valley and the Yellow river and Huaihe River valley in StateⅠ and increase significantly in the arid-semiarid region and the econormically developed Yangtze River delta in State Ⅲ. The frequency of extremely low temperature in winter reduces remarkably in the north part and the Yangtze River delta in StateⅡ and in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the southeast part of northeast China, the Yangtze River delta in State Ⅲ. The strength of extremely low temperature in winter reduces on the whole and provincial characteristics are not obvious. The frequency and the strength of extreme temperature events are consistont spatially. Temporally, the frequency and the strength of extremely high temperature in summer increase obviously both in StateⅡ and State Ⅲ. The frequency and the strength of extremely low temperature in winter reduce obviously in StateⅡ and the reducing trend slows down in State Ⅲ. Extremely high temperature in summer occurs frequently and extremely low temperature in winter remains stable. Extremity of high temperature in summer is stronger while in winter is stable relatively. The frequency and the strength of extreme temperature events are consistent temporally. During the common time period of States Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the frequency of extremely high temperature events in the last state was always less than the former while the low temperature events are more, which is in accordance with the fact that the background temperature steps up with the states; the strength of extremely high temperature events in the latter state is less than that of the former while the strength of extremely low temperature events is stronger. For the abrupt change of climate at the end of the 1970 s and the beginning of the 1980 s, the frequency of extreme high temperature events decreases before the change and increases obviously after the change while the ones of extremely low temperature do not change significantly correspondingly; the strength of extremely high temperature events decreassd slightly before the change and increases obviously after the change while the strength of extremely low temperature does not change significantly for the change but the whole strength after the change is slightly lower than the one before the change.
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Keywords:
- extreme high temperature /
- extreme low temperature /
- climate states
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[1] Houghton J T, Ding Y, Griggs D J 2007 Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovemmental Panel Climate Change (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) p156
[2] Qin D H 2002 Evaluation of Environment Evolvement over the Western China: Assement on Environment Evaluation over Western China(Beijing :Science Press) p2 (in Chinese)[秦大河2002 中国西部环境演变评估:中国西部环境演变评估综合报告(北京:科学出版社) 第2 页]
[3] [4] IPCC 2007 Summary for Policymakers of the Synthesis Report of the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (Cambridge : Cambridge University Press) p10
[5] [6] [7] Frich P, Alexander L V, Della-Marta P M 2002 Clim.Res. 19 193
[8] [9] Manton M J, Della-Marta P M, Haylock M R 2001 Int. J. Climatol. 21 269
[10] Zhai P M, Pan X H 2003 Act. Geo. Sin. 58 1 (in Chinese)[翟盘茂、 潘晓华 2003 地理学报 58 1]
[11] [12] Pan X H, 2002 The Study of Extreme Temperature and Rainfall about 50 Years in China(Beijing: Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences) (in Chinese) [潘晓华 2002 近五十年中国极端温度和降水事件变化规律研究(北京:中国气象科学研究院)]
[13] [14] [15] Qian Y F, Huang D Q 2008 Act.Scientiarum Naturalium Univeisitatis Sunyatseni 47 113 (in Chinese) [钱永甫、 黄丹青 2008 中山大学学报(自然科学版) 47 113]
[16] Sun Z B, Zhang N 2008 J. Nanjing Institute of Meteorology 31 123 (in Chinese)[孙照渤、 张 宁 2008 南京气象学院学报 31 123]
[17] [18] [19] Yang P, Liu W D, Wang Q G 2010 J. Applied Meteo. Sci. 21 29 (in Chinese) [杨 萍、 刘伟东、 王启光 2010 应用气象学报 21 29]
[20] [21] Gong Z Q, Wang X J, Zhi R 2009 Act. Phys. Sin. 58 6 (in Chinese) [龚志强、 王晓娟、 支 蓉 2009 物理学报 58 6]
[22] [23] Redner S, Petersen M R 2006 Phys. Rev. E 74 1114
[24] [25] Wu X, Ding Y G, Zhou H P 1995 Sci. Meteo. Sin. 15 281 (in Chinese) [吴 息、 丁裕国、 周会平 1995 气象科学 15 281]
[26] [27] Liu X H, Wang L J, Wu H B 2007 Clim. and Envi. Res. 12 780(in Chinese)[刘学华、 王立静、 吴洪宝 2007 气候与环境研究 12 780]
[28] Liu JC, Qian H S 2000 J. Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) 30 84(in Chinese) [刘军臣、 千怀遂 2000河南大学学报(自然科学版)30 84]
[29] [30] [31] Qian Z H, Feng G L, Gong Z Q 2010 Act. Phys. Sin. 59 7490 (in Chinese)[钱忠华、 封国林、 龚志强 2010 物理学报 59 7490]
[32] [33] Shi N, Huang X X,Y Y 2003 Sci. Atmos. Sin. 27 971(in Chinese) [施 能、 黄先香、 杨 扬 2003 大气科学 27 971]
[34] Wang Y, Shi N, Gu J Q 2006 Sci. Atmos. Sin. 30 162(in Chinese) [王 颖、 施 能、 顾骏强 2006 大气科学 30 162 ]
[35] [36] [37] Ding Y G, Jiang Z H 2009 Introduction of Research Approaches about extreme climatic (Beijing: Metrological Press) p19 (in Chinese)[丁裕国、 江志红 2009 极端气候研究方法导论(北京:气象出版社)第19页]
[38] [39] Wang Z C 2008 Statistic and Thermodynamic Physics (fourth edition)(Beijing: China Higher Education Press)p256(in Chinese) [汪志诚 2008 热力学统计物理(第四版)(北京:高等教育出版社)第256页]
[40] [41] Yu S Q, Lin X C 1997 J. Trop. Metro. 13 266 (in Chinese) [于淑秋、 林学椿 1997 热带气学报 13 266 ]
[42] [43] Feng G L, Dong W J 2003 Chin. Phys. 12 1076
[44] [45] Lin X C 1998 Climate Change and Its Influence at the End of the 1970s and Beginning of the 1980s (Beijing: Metrological Press)p15 (in Chinese) [林学椿 1998 70 年代末、 80年代初气候跃变及其影响,东亚季风和中国暴雨(北京: 气象出版社) 第15页]
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