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The intensity noise in a 1560 nm single frequency fiber laser after passing through an optical mode cleaner is analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. Experimental measurement shows that in addition to the evident suppression of intensity noise by the mode cleaner, there exist induced observable periodic fluctuations in the analyzing frequency range of 2 to 12 MHz, as well as the amplification of the intensity noise at low frequencies. The above results cannot be explained by the present mode cleaner model for noise suppression. In this paper, we propose a new theoretical model, in which the mode cleaner is considered equivalent to a delay line and through it the phase-noise of the fiber laser is partially converted to the intensity noise. The phase-induced relative intensity noise (RIN) amplitude is jointly determined by the laser linewidth, the mode cleaner linewidth, and the analyzing frequency. The theoretical analysis shows a very good agreement with the experimental results. The noise suppression effect of the acoustic optical modulator is further analyzed by inserting it into the setup and providing a frequency modulation for it. We have observed an evident improvement of the mode cleaner locking, while the bandwidth of the laser is slightly suppressed from 26 to 16kHz, and the degradation of the measured intensity noise after the mode cleaner is also moderate. The theoretical analysis according to our proposed model fits well with this result. This result further confirms that the phase-induced intensity noise has no direct connection to the mode cleaner locking quality. Through the above analysis, a complete theoretical mode for analyzing the noise suppression by a mode cleaner is built.
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Keywords:
- mode cleaner /
- intensity noise /
- phase-induced intensity noise /
- linewidth
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[2] Skeldon K D, Strain K A, Grant A I, Hough J 1996 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 67 2443
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[4] Henning Vahlbruch, Moritz Mehmet, Simon Chelkowski, Boris Hage, Alexander Franzen, NicoLastzka, Stefan Goßler, KarstenDanzmann, Roman Schnabel 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 033602
[5] Li Y, Luo Y, Pan Q, Peng K C 2006 Acta. Phys. Sin. 55 5030(in Chinese) [李莹, 罗玉, 潘庆, 彭堃墀 2006 物理学报 55 5030]
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[7] Zhang T C, Goh K W, Chou C W, Lodahl P, Kimble H J 2003 Phys. Rev. A 67 033802
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[9] Takao Aoki, Go Takahashi, Tadashi Kajiya, Jun-ichi Yoshikawa1, Samuel L. Braunstein, Peter van Loock4, Akira Furusawa 2008 arXiv: quant-ph/ 08113734v1
[10] Lance A M, Symul T, Bowen W P, Sanders B C, LamP K 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 177903
[11] Harry M 2010 Class. Quantum Grav. 27 084006
[12] Acernese F 2008 Class. Quantum Grav. 25 114045
[13] Kuroda K 2010 Class. Quantum Grav. 27 084004
[14] Emmanuel Desurvire, Simpson R 1989 J. Lightwave Technol. 7 835
[15] Kang Z X, Cai X L, Wen X D, Liu C, Jian S S, Yu S Y 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 024203
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[17] Xia J Z, Qu R H, Cai H W, Chen G T, Fang j z 2004 Chinese J. Lasers 31 807(in Chinese) [夏江珍, 瞿荣辉, 蔡海文, 陈高庭, 方祖杰 2004 中国激光 31 807]
[18] Collett M J, Gardiner C W 1984 Phys. Rev. A 30 1386
[19] White A G, Taubman M S, Ralph T C, Lam P K, McClelland D E, Bachor H A 1996 Phys. Rev. A 54 3400
[20] Liu K, Cui S Z, Zhang H L, Zhang J X, Gao J R 2011 Chin. Phys. Lett. 28 074211
[21] Henry C H 1982 IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE- 18 259
[22] Armstrong J A 1966 J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56 1024
[23] Mohammad Reza Salehi, BéatriceCabon 2004 J. Lightwave Technol. 22 1510
[24] Shafir E, Tur M 1987 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 4 77
[25] Richter L E, MandelberGerg H I, Kruger M S, Mcgrath P A 1986 IEEE J. Quantum. Electron. QE-22 2070
[26] Shi Z, Su X L 2010 Acta Sinica Quantum Optica 16 158(in Chinese) [石柱, 苏晓龙 2010 量子光学学报 16 158]
[27] Drever R W P, Hall J L, Kowalski F V 1983 Appl. Phys. B 31 97
[28] Okoshi T, Kikuchia K, Nakayama 1980 Electron. Lett. 16 830
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[1] Rdiger A, Schilling R, Schnupp L, Winkler W, Billing Hand Maischberger K 1981 Opt. Acta 28 641
[2] Skeldon K D, Strain K A, Grant A I, Hough J 1996 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 67 2443
[3] Willke B, Uehara N, Gustafson E K, Byer R L, King P J, Seel S U, Savage R L 1998 Opt. Lett. 23 1704
[4] Henning Vahlbruch, Moritz Mehmet, Simon Chelkowski, Boris Hage, Alexander Franzen, NicoLastzka, Stefan Goßler, KarstenDanzmann, Roman Schnabel 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 033602
[5] Li Y, Luo Y, Pan Q, Peng K C 2006 Acta. Phys. Sin. 55 5030(in Chinese) [李莹, 罗玉, 潘庆, 彭堃墀 2006 物理学报 55 5030]
[6] Hadjar Y, Cohadon P F, Aminoff C G, Pinard M, Heidmann A 1999 arXiv: quant-ph/ 9901056v2
[7] Zhang T C, Goh K W, Chou C W, Lodahl P, Kimble H J 2003 Phys. Rev. A 67 033802
[8] Zhai Z H, Li Y M, Wang S K, Guo J, Zhang T C, Gao J R 2005 Acta. Phys. Sin. 54 2710(in Chinese) [翟泽辉, 李永明, 王少凯, 郭娟, 张天才, 郜江瑞 2005 物理学报 54 2710]
[9] Takao Aoki, Go Takahashi, Tadashi Kajiya, Jun-ichi Yoshikawa1, Samuel L. Braunstein, Peter van Loock4, Akira Furusawa 2008 arXiv: quant-ph/ 08113734v1
[10] Lance A M, Symul T, Bowen W P, Sanders B C, LamP K 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 177903
[11] Harry M 2010 Class. Quantum Grav. 27 084006
[12] Acernese F 2008 Class. Quantum Grav. 25 114045
[13] Kuroda K 2010 Class. Quantum Grav. 27 084004
[14] Emmanuel Desurvire, Simpson R 1989 J. Lightwave Technol. 7 835
[15] Kang Z X, Cai X L, Wen X D, Liu C, Jian S S, Yu S Y 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 024203
[16] Wu Y X, Ma X M, Zhao X J 2008 Acta Optica Sinica 28 1057(in Chinese) [吴粤湘, 马晓明, 赵晓吉 2008 光学学报 28 1057]
[17] Xia J Z, Qu R H, Cai H W, Chen G T, Fang j z 2004 Chinese J. Lasers 31 807(in Chinese) [夏江珍, 瞿荣辉, 蔡海文, 陈高庭, 方祖杰 2004 中国激光 31 807]
[18] Collett M J, Gardiner C W 1984 Phys. Rev. A 30 1386
[19] White A G, Taubman M S, Ralph T C, Lam P K, McClelland D E, Bachor H A 1996 Phys. Rev. A 54 3400
[20] Liu K, Cui S Z, Zhang H L, Zhang J X, Gao J R 2011 Chin. Phys. Lett. 28 074211
[21] Henry C H 1982 IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE- 18 259
[22] Armstrong J A 1966 J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56 1024
[23] Mohammad Reza Salehi, BéatriceCabon 2004 J. Lightwave Technol. 22 1510
[24] Shafir E, Tur M 1987 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 4 77
[25] Richter L E, MandelberGerg H I, Kruger M S, Mcgrath P A 1986 IEEE J. Quantum. Electron. QE-22 2070
[26] Shi Z, Su X L 2010 Acta Sinica Quantum Optica 16 158(in Chinese) [石柱, 苏晓龙 2010 量子光学学报 16 158]
[27] Drever R W P, Hall J L, Kowalski F V 1983 Appl. Phys. B 31 97
[28] Okoshi T, Kikuchia K, Nakayama 1980 Electron. Lett. 16 830
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