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摘要: 合金中溶质组元的组织形态和分布对于改善合金的组织和性能具有重要意义.本文研究了铝合金在强磁场作用下的凝固行为,考察了Al-Cu，Al-Mg合金中溶质组元的相形态、分布状况随高强度均恒磁场和梯度磁场的强度和方向变化的规律.研究发现，由于Cu元素和Mg元素的物性不同导致其在基体中受到的电磁力不同，在均恒磁场作用下，铝合金中Cu元素和Mg元素在α-Al基体晶粒内和晶界上的分布变化规律相反；在梯度磁场作用下，Cu元素和Mg元素在铝基体中含量和分布状态也有显著的差异.本研究为利用强磁场有效控制不同物性的溶质元素在合金基体中组织状态和分布提供了实验依据.
Abstract: The solidified structure of solute elements is important for the quality and the properties of alloys. In the present study, the solidification behavior of aluminum alloys is studied under various high magnetic field conditions, and the influences of uniform and gradient magnetic fields with different intensities and directions on the distribution and the morphology of solute elements of Al-Cu and Al-Mg alloys are investigated. It is found that because of the difference in the electromagnetic forces acting on Cu element and Mg element which have different physical properties in the matrix, the distributions of Cu element and Mg element are the opposite both in the matrix crystallites and in grain boundaries under high static magnetic field, and not only the content but also the distributions of Cu and Mg elements are obviously different under gradient magnetic field. This paper offers a reference to control the solidification structure of solute elements whose physical properties are different in alloys under high magnetic fields.
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