基于GHZ态的三方量子确定性密钥分配协议

周南润; 宋汉冲; 龚黎华; 刘晔

doi:10.7498/aps.61.214203

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摘要

基于连续变量GHZ态的纠缠特性, 提出一种三方量子确定性密钥分配协议, 其中密钥由GHZ态的振幅产生, 而相位可以用来验证信道的安全性. 现有的量子确定性密钥分配协议一次只能向一个接收方传送密钥, 现实生活中经常要向多个接收方发送确定性密钥. 信息论分析结果表明, 当信道传输效率大于0.5时, 该协议可以同时向两个接收方安全传送确定性密钥, 制备多重纠缠态后, 该协议还能够扩展成多方量子确定性密钥分配协议, 这极大提高了密钥的整体传送效率, 而且连续变量量子GHZ态信道容量较高, 因此该协议具有重要的现实意义.

关键词:

作者及机构信息

1.
南昌大学电子信息工程系, 南昌 330031

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11174118)、江西省自然科学基金(批准号: 20122BAB201031)、江西省教育厅科技项目(批准号: GJJ11339, GJJ12137)和江西省青年科学家(井冈之星)培养对象计划项目(批准号: 20122BCB23002)资助的课题.

参考文献

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[6]	Grosshans F, Assche G V, Wenger J, Brouri R, Cerf N J, Grangier P 2003 Nature 421 238
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[8]	Namiki R, Hirano T 2006 Phys. Rev. A 74 032302
[9]	Ma X F, Lo H K, Fung C F 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 012307
[10]	Chen J J, Han Z F, Zhao Y B, Gui Y Z, Guo G C 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 9 (in Chinese) [陈进建, 韩正甫, 赵义博, 桂有珍, 郭光灿 2007 物理学报 56 9]
[11]	Zhao Y B, Heid M, Rigas J, Lutkenhaus N 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 012307
[12]	Li X H, Deng F G, Zhou H Y 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 022321
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[15]	Liu Y, Chen T Y, Wang J, Cai W Q, Wan X, Chen L K, Wang J H, Liu S B, Yang L, Chen K, Chen Z B, Pan J W, Peng C Z, Liang H 2010 Opt. Express. 18 8587
[16]	Shen Y, Zou H X, Tian L, Chen P X, Yuan J M 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 022317
[17]	Hu H P, Wang J D, Huang Y X, Liu S H, Lu W 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 292 (in Chinese) [胡华鹏, 王金东, 黄宇娴, 刘颂豪, 路巍 2010 物理学报 59 292]
[18]	Wei Z J, Wan W, Wang J D, Liao C J, Liu S H 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 094216 (in Chinese) [魏正军, 万伟, 王金东, 廖常俊, 刘颂豪 2011 物理学报 60 094216]
[19]	Allati A E, Baz M E, Hassouni Y 2011 Quantum Inf. Process. 10 589
[20]	Jiao R Z, Zhang C, Ma H Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 110303 (in Chinese) [焦荣珍, 张弨, 马海强 2011 物理学报 60 110303]
[21]	Yoshino K, Fujiwara M, Tanaka A, Takahashi S, Nambu Y, Tomita A, Miki S, Yamashita T, Wang Z, Sasaki M, Tajima A 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 223
[22]	Yang J, Xu B J, Peng X, Guo H 2012 arXiv: 1202.0883v1 [quant-ph]
[23]	Yang Y G, Wen Q Y, Zhu F C 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 5548 (in Chinese) [杨宇光, 温巧燕, 朱甫臣 2005 物理学报 54 5548]
[24]	Matsumoto R 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 062316
[25]	Zhou N R, Wang L J, Gong L H, Zuo X W, Liu Y 2011 Opt. Commun. 284 4836
[26]	Furusawa A, Takei N 2007 Phys. Rep. 443 97

施引文献

[1]	Ralph T C 1999 Phys. Rev. A 61 010303
[2]	Ralph T C 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 062306
[3]	Cerf N J, Levy M, Assche G V 2001 Phys. Rev. A 63 052311
[4]	Grosshans F, Grangier P 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 057902
[5]	Silberhorn C, Ralph T C, Lutkenhaus N, Leuchs G 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 167901
[6]	Grosshans F, Assche G V, Wenger J, Brouri R, Cerf N J, Grangier P 2003 Nature 421 238
[7]	Takesue H, Diamanti E, Honjo T, Langrock C, Fejer M M, Inoue K, Yamamoto Y 2005 New J. Phys. 7 232
[8]	Namiki R, Hirano T 2006 Phys. Rev. A 74 032302
[9]	Ma X F, Lo H K, Fung C F 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 012307
[10]	Chen J J, Han Z F, Zhao Y B, Gui Y Z, Guo G C 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 9 (in Chinese) [陈进建, 韩正甫, 赵义博, 桂有珍, 郭光灿 2007 物理学报 56 9]
[11]	Zhao Y B, Heid M, Rigas J, Lutkenhaus N 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 012307
[12]	Li X H, Deng F G, Zhou H Y 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 022321
[13]	Fossier S, Diamanti E, Debuisschert T, Villing A, Brouri R T, Grangier P 2009 New J. Phys. 11 045023
[14]	Su X L, Wang W Z, Wang Y, Jia X J, Xie C D, Peng K C 2009 Europhys. Lett. 87 20005
[15]	Liu Y, Chen T Y, Wang J, Cai W Q, Wan X, Chen L K, Wang J H, Liu S B, Yang L, Chen K, Chen Z B, Pan J W, Peng C Z, Liang H 2010 Opt. Express. 18 8587
[16]	Shen Y, Zou H X, Tian L, Chen P X, Yuan J M 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 022317
[17]	Hu H P, Wang J D, Huang Y X, Liu S H, Lu W 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 292 (in Chinese) [胡华鹏, 王金东, 黄宇娴, 刘颂豪, 路巍 2010 物理学报 59 292]
[18]	Wei Z J, Wan W, Wang J D, Liao C J, Liu S H 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 094216 (in Chinese) [魏正军, 万伟, 王金东, 廖常俊, 刘颂豪 2011 物理学报 60 094216]
[19]	Allati A E, Baz M E, Hassouni Y 2011 Quantum Inf. Process. 10 589
[20]	Jiao R Z, Zhang C, Ma H Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 110303 (in Chinese) [焦荣珍, 张弨, 马海强 2011 物理学报 60 110303]
[21]	Yoshino K, Fujiwara M, Tanaka A, Takahashi S, Nambu Y, Tomita A, Miki S, Yamashita T, Wang Z, Sasaki M, Tajima A 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 223
[22]	Yang J, Xu B J, Peng X, Guo H 2012 arXiv: 1202.0883v1 [quant-ph]
[23]	Yang Y G, Wen Q Y, Zhu F C 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 5548 (in Chinese) [杨宇光, 温巧燕, 朱甫臣 2005 物理学报 54 5548]
[24]	Matsumoto R 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 062316
[25]	Zhou N R, Wang L J, Gong L H, Zuo X W, Liu Y 2011 Opt. Commun. 284 4836
[26]	Furusawa A, Takei N 2007 Phys. Rep. 443 97

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基于GHZ态的三方量子确定性密钥分配协议

1. 南昌大学电子信息工程系, 南昌 330031

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11174118)、江西省自然科学基金(批准号: 20122BAB201031)、江西省教育厅科技项目(批准号: GJJ11339, GJJ12137)和江西省青年科学家(井冈之星)培养对象计划项目(批准号: 20122BCB23002)资助的课题.

收稿日期: 2012-04-10

修回日期: 2012-06-01

刊出日期: 2012-11-05

摘要: 基于连续变量GHZ态的纠缠特性, 提出一种三方量子确定性密钥分配协议, 其中密钥由GHZ态的振幅产生, 而相位可以用来验证信道的安全性. 现有的量子确定性密钥分配协议一次只能向一个接收方传送密钥, 现实生活中经常要向多个接收方发送确定性密钥. 信息论分析结果表明, 当信道传输效率大于0.5时, 该协议可以同时向两个接收方安全传送确定性密钥, 制备多重纠缠态后, 该协议还能够扩展成多方量子确定性密钥分配协议, 这极大提高了密钥的整体传送效率, 而且连续变量量子GHZ态信道容量较高, 因此该协议具有重要的现实意义.

关键词:

Tripartite quantum deterministic key distribution based on GHZ states

1.
Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China

Fund Project:

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11174118), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (Grant No. 20122BAB201031), the Research Foundation of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province, China (Grant Nos. GJJ11339, GJJ12137), and the Foundation for Young Scientists of Jiangxi Province (Jinggang Star), China (Grant No. 20122BCB23002).

Received Date: 10 April 2012

Accepted Date: 01 June 2012

Published Online: 05 November 2012

Abstract: By exploiting the entanglement properties of continuous variable quantum GHZ state, we propose a tripartite quantum deterministic key distribution, in which the key is generated from its amplitude and the phase can be used to test and verify the channel security. The existing quantum deterministic key distribution can only hand over deterministic key to one receiver in one communication. However, we always have to transmit deterministic key to more than one receiver in real life. The analysis results of information theory show that when the channel transmission efficiency is greater than 0.5, the proposed protocol can securely hand over the pre-deterministic key to two receivers simultaneously, and it can also be extended to multiparty quantum deterministic key distribution when preparing multiple entangled state, this will greatly improve the overall efficiency of the key transmission, furthermore, the continuous variable quantum GHZ state could have a higher channel capacity, so the protocol has the important practical significance.

Keywords:

continuous-variable /
quantum deterministic key distribution /
key management /
quantum communication

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