过冷水溶液中的空间光孤子

欧阳世根

doi:10.7498/aps.66.090505

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摘要

建立了在过冷水溶液中传播的光束的非局域非线性模型.过冷水的热致折射率扰动在温度扰动较小的情况下随温度增大，但在温度扰动达到一定程度后随温度减小.在求出该模型的数值孤子解后，对孤子的性态进行了研究.研究表明，在光功率较小时，过冷水表现出自聚焦的特性，而在光功率较大时，在孤子的中心区域的过冷水表现出自散焦的特性，而在孤子的外围仍表现为自聚焦.在总功率较大的情况下，孤子间的相互作用也表现出这种部分自散焦，部分自聚焦的现象.

关键词:

作者及机构信息

欧阳世根^1,2

1.
华南师范大学, 广东省微纳光子功能材料与器件重点实验室, 广州 510006;

2.
华南师范大学, 广州市特种光纤光子器件重点实验室, 广州 510006

通信作者: 欧阳世根, ouyang.shigen@163.com

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：61008007）资助的课题.

参考文献

[1]	She W L, Lee K K, Lee W K 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 3182
[2]	Assanto G, Fratalocchi A, Peccianti M 2007 Optics Express 15 5248
[3]	Rotschild C, Cohen O, Manela O, Segev M, Carmon T 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 213904
[4]	Zhou L H, Gao X H, Yang Z J, Lu D Q, Guo Q, Cao W W, Hu W 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 044208 (in Chinese) [周罗红, 高星辉, 杨振军, 陆大全, 郭旗, 曹伟文, 胡巍 2011 物理学报 60 044208]
[5]	Wang J, Zheng Y Z, Zhou L H, Yang Z J, Lu D Q, Guo Q, Hu W 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 084210 (in Chinese) [王婧, 郑一红, 周罗红, 杨振军, 陆大全, 郭旗, 胡巍 2012 物理学报 61 084210]
[6]	Vedamuthu M, Singh S, Robinson G W 1994 J. Phys. Chem. 98 2222
[7]	Luten D B 1934 Physical Review 45 161
[8]	Robinson G W, Cho C H, Gellene G I 2000 J. Phys. Chem. B 104 7179
[9]	Cho C H, Urquidi J, Gellene G I, Robinson G W 2001 J. Chem. Phys. 114 3157
[10]	Colcombe S M, Lowe R D, Snook R D 1997 Analytica Chimca Acta 356 277
[11]	Pope R M, Fry E S 1997 Applied Optics 36 8710
[12]	Benchikh O, Fournier D, Boccara A C, Teixeira J 1985 J. Physique 46 727
[13]	Zhao K H, Chen X M 1997 Electromagnetics (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: Pubishing House of Higher Education) pp45-69 (in Chinese) [赵凯华, 陈熙谋 1997 电磁学 (第二版) (北京: 高等教育出版社) 第4569页]

施引文献

[1]	She W L, Lee K K, Lee W K 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 3182
[2]	Assanto G, Fratalocchi A, Peccianti M 2007 Optics Express 15 5248
[3]	Rotschild C, Cohen O, Manela O, Segev M, Carmon T 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 213904
[4]	Zhou L H, Gao X H, Yang Z J, Lu D Q, Guo Q, Cao W W, Hu W 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 044208 (in Chinese) [周罗红, 高星辉, 杨振军, 陆大全, 郭旗, 曹伟文, 胡巍 2011 物理学报 60 044208]
[5]	Wang J, Zheng Y Z, Zhou L H, Yang Z J, Lu D Q, Guo Q, Hu W 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 084210 (in Chinese) [王婧, 郑一红, 周罗红, 杨振军, 陆大全, 郭旗, 胡巍 2012 物理学报 61 084210]
[6]	Vedamuthu M, Singh S, Robinson G W 1994 J. Phys. Chem. 98 2222
[7]	Luten D B 1934 Physical Review 45 161
[8]	Robinson G W, Cho C H, Gellene G I 2000 J. Phys. Chem. B 104 7179
[9]	Cho C H, Urquidi J, Gellene G I, Robinson G W 2001 J. Chem. Phys. 114 3157
[10]	Colcombe S M, Lowe R D, Snook R D 1997 Analytica Chimca Acta 356 277
[11]	Pope R M, Fry E S 1997 Applied Optics 36 8710
[12]	Benchikh O, Fournier D, Boccara A C, Teixeira J 1985 J. Physique 46 727
[13]	Zhao K H, Chen X M 1997 Electromagnetics (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: Pubishing House of Higher Education) pp45-69 (in Chinese) [赵凯华, 陈熙谋 1997 电磁学 (第二版) (北京: 高等教育出版社) 第4569页]

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过冷水溶液中的空间光孤子

1. 华南师范大学, 广东省微纳光子功能材料与器件重点实验室, 广州 510006;

2. 华南师范大学, 广州市特种光纤光子器件重点实验室, 广州 510006

通信作者: 欧阳世根, ouyang.shigen@163.com

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金（批准号：61008007）资助的课题.

收稿日期: 2016-11-28

修回日期: 2017-01-09

刊出日期: 2017-05-05

摘要: 建立了在过冷水溶液中传播的光束的非局域非线性模型.过冷水的热致折射率扰动在温度扰动较小的情况下随温度增大，但在温度扰动达到一定程度后随温度减小.在求出该模型的数值孤子解后，对孤子的性态进行了研究.研究表明，在光功率较小时，过冷水表现出自聚焦的特性，而在光功率较大时，在孤子的中心区域的过冷水表现出自散焦的特性，而在孤子的外围仍表现为自聚焦.在总功率较大的情况下，孤子间的相互作用也表现出这种部分自散焦，部分自聚焦的现象.

关键词:

Optical spatial solitons in supercooled aqueous solutions

1.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China;

2.
Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Special Fiber Photonic Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China

Fund Project:

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61008007).

Received Date: 28 November 2016

Accepted Date: 09 January 2017

Published Online: 05 May 2017

Abstract: In recent years, nonlocal spatial solitons have attracted a great deal of attention. Optical spatial solitons result from the suppression of beam diffraction by the light-induced perturbed refractive index. For spatial nonlocal solitons, the light-induced perturbed refractive index of medium depends on the light intensity nonlocally, namely, the perturbed refractive index at a point is determined not only by the light intensity at that point but also by the light intensity in its vicinity. Such a spatial nonlocality may originate from heat transfer, like the nonlocal bright solitons in lead glass and dark solitons in liquids or gases. The perturbed refractive index n of lead glass or liquid is direct proportional to the light-induced temperature perturbation t, i.e. n=1t. The proportional coefficient 1 is positive (negative) for lead glass (liquid), and the light-induced temperature perturbation t is determined by the Poisson equation ▽2(t)=-DI, where I is the light intensity and D is a coefficient. In this paper, we investigate another type of thermal nonlinear effect, in which the perturbed refractive index n depends on the light-induced temperature perturbation t in a new way that n=1t+2(t)2. It has been indicated previously that the refractive index of a supercooled aqueous solution depends on the temperature, specifically n(t)=n0-2(t-t0)2, where n0=1.337733 for 501 nm light wave, t0=-0.1℃ and 2=310-6 K-2. So for tt0, the refractive index of aqueous solution increases with temperature rising, while tt0, it decreases with temperature increasing. In this paper, we use the numerical simulation method to investigate the propagation and interaction properties of optical solitons propagating in a supercooled aqueous solution, whose temperature on boundary is maintained at some value below t0, with the aqueous solution placed in a thermostatic chamber. Obviously, the inner temperature of the solution rises, owing to absorbing some optical energies of the light beam propagating in it, and as a consequence the inner refractive index changes according to n(t)=n0-2(t-t0)2. For a soliton with a low power, the inner temperature t of the solution is always kept below t0, so the refractive index at a point with a higher t is larger than that at another point with a lower t. In this case, the solution behaves as a self-focusing medium. A soliton with a higher power has a narrower beam width and a larger propagation constant, and the soliton takes a bell shape. However, for a soliton with a rather high power, the temperature in the core will be higher than t0 while the temperature in the periphery is still below t0. Therefore, the part of the solution in the core behaves as a self-defocusing medium while the part in the periphery behaves as a self-focusing medium. For such a case, the higher the power of the soliton, the larger the radius of the core is and the larger the beam width of the soliton, so the soliton takes a crater shape with a saturated propagation constant. Finally we also investigate the interaction between two solitons in a supercooled aqueous solution. For two neighboring beams with a rather high total power, they cannot maintain their individualities any more during the interaction, but merge into an expanding crater.

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