磁性材料的磁结构、磁畴结构和拓扑磁结构

张志东

doi:10.7498/aps.64.067503

摘要

首先简要地介绍了磁性材料中磁结构、磁畴结构和拓扑磁结构以及相互之间的关系. 一方面, 磁畴结构由材料的磁结构、内禀磁性和微结构因素决定; 另一方面, 磁畴结构决定了材料磁化和退磁化过程以及技术磁性. 拓扑学与材料物理、材料性能的联系越来越紧密. 最近的研究兴趣集中在一些拓扑磁性组态, 如涡旋、磁泡、麦纫、斯格米子等. 研究发现这些拓扑磁结构的拓扑性质与磁性能密切相关. 然后从尺寸效应、缺陷、晶界三个方面介绍国际学术界在磁结构、磁畴结构和拓扑磁结构方面的进展. 最后介绍了在稀土永磁薄膜材料的微观结构、磁畴结构和磁性能关系、交换耦合纳米盘中的拓扑磁结构及其动力学行为方面的工作. 通过对文献的评述, 得到以下结论: 开展各向异性纳米复合稀土永磁材料的研究对更好地利用稀土资源具有重要的意义. 可以有目的地改变材料的微结构, 可控地进行磁性材料的磁畴工程, 最终获得优秀的磁性能. 拓扑学的概念正在应用于越来越多的学科领域, 在越来越多的材料中发现拓扑学的贡献. 研究磁畴结构、拓扑磁性基态或者激发态的形成规律以及动力学行为对理解量子拓扑相变以及其他与拓扑相关的物理效应是十分重要的. 也会帮助理解不同拓扑学态之间相互作用的物理机制及其与磁性能之间的关系, 同时拓展拓扑学在新型磁性材料中的应用.

关键词:

Abstract

This article first gives a brief review of magnetic structures, magnetic domains and topological magnetic textures and their relations. On the one hand, the magnetic domains are determined by the magnetic structures, the intrinsic magnetic properties and the micro-structural factors of a material. On the other hand, the magnetic domains could control the magnetization and demagnetization processes and also the technical magnetic properties of a material. Topology is found to have a close relation with physical properties of material. Recent interest has focused on topological magnetic textures, such as vortex, bubble, meron, skyrmion, and it has been found that the topological behaviors of these topological textures are closely related with magnetic properties of a material. Then this article introduces recent advances in magnetic structures, magnetic domains and topological magnetic textures, from views of the size effect, defects and interfaces. Finally, this article reviews briefly some results of investigation on the relations between microstructures, magnetic domains and magnetic properties of rare-earth permanent magnetic thin films, the topological magnetic textures and their dynamic behaviors of exchange coupled nanodisks. It has been concluded from the reviews on the literature that the investigation on anisotropic exchange-coupled rare-earth permanent magnets with high performance benefits the high efficient utilization of rare-earth resources. One could achieve optimal magnetic properties through magnetic domain engineering by adjusting the microstructures of magnetic materials. The concepts of topology is applied to various research fields, while the contributions from topological behaviors to physical properties are discovered in different materials. The researches on magnetic domains, topological magnetic ground state and excitation states and their dynamic behaviors are very important for a better understanding of quantum topological phase transitions and other topological relevant phenomena. It can be quite helpful for understanding the correlation between different topological states and their relationship with magnetic properties of a material, and also it will definitely contribute to the applications in various fields of magnetic materials.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

张志东

1.
中国科学院金属研究所, 沈阳材料科学国家(联合)实验室, 沈阳 110016

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 51331006)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

Zhang Zhi-Dong

1.
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51331006).

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施引文献

[1]	Aharonov Y, Bohm D 1959 Phys. Rev. 115 485
[2]	Berry M V 1984 Proc. Roy. Soc. A 392 45
[3]	Josephson B D 1962 Phys. Lett. 1 251
[4]	von Klitzing K, Dorda G, Pepper M 1980 Phys. Rev. Lett. 45 494.
[5]	Tsui D C, Stormer H L, Gossard A C 1982 Phys. Rev. Lett. 48 1559
[6]	Laughlin R B 1983 Phys. Rev. Lett. 50 1395
[7]	de Haas W J, van Alphen P M 1930 Koninklijke Akademie Wetenschappen Amsterdam 33 1106
[8]	Choi T, Horibe Y, Yi H T, Choi Y J, Wu W D, Cheong S W 2010 Nature Mater. 9 253
[9]	Dai Y Y 2015 Ph. D. Dissertation (Shenyang: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese) [代莹莹 2015 博士学位论文(沈阳: 中国科学院大学)]
[10]	de Alfaro V, Fubini S, Furlan G 1976 Phys. Lett. B 65 163
[11]	Phatak C, Petford-Long A K, Heinonen O 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 067205
[12]	Wintz S, Bunce C, Neudert A, Körner M, Strache T, Buhl M, Erbe A, Gemming S, Raabe J, Quitmann C, Fassbender J 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 177201
[13]	Malozemoff A P, Slonczewski J C 1979 Magnetic Domain Walls in Bubble Materials (New York: Academic)
[14]	O'dell T H 1981 Ferromagnetodynamics: The Dynamics of Magnetic Bubbles, Domains, and Domain Walls (New York: Wiley)
[15]	Moutafis C, Komineas S, Bland J A C 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 224429
[16]	Skyrme T H R 1962 Nucl. Phys. 31 556
[17]	Everschor K 2012 Ph. D. Dissertation (Köln: Köln University)
[18]	Baltz V, Sort J, Landis S, Rodmacq B, Dieny B 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 117201
[19]	Kawagoe T, Suzuki Y, Nývlt M, Franta J, Hosoito N 2001 Surface Science 493 721
[20]	Bolte M, Steiner M, Pels C, Barthelmeß M, Kruse J, Merkt U, Meier G, Holz M, Pfannkuche D 2005 Phys. Rev. B 72 224436
[21]	Portmann O, Vaterlaus A, Pescia D 2003 Nature 422 701
[22]	Hsieh C T, Liu J Q, Lue J T 2005 Appl. Surface Sci. 252 1899
[23]	Chuang V P, Jung W, Ross C A, Cheng J Y, Park O H, Kim H C 2008 J. Appl. Phys. 103 074307
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[26]	Nielsch K, Wehrspohn R B, Barthel J, Kirschner J, Gösele U, Fischer S F, Kronmller H 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 1360
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[54]	Pierce M S, Davies J E, Turner J J, Chesnel K, Fullerton E E, Nam J, Hailstone R, Kevan S D, Kortright J B, Liu K, Sorensen L B, York B R, Willwig O 2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 184428
[55]	Bitoh T, Makino A, Inoue A 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 99 08F102
[56]	Liu W, Zhang Z D, Liu J P, Chen L J, He L L, Liu Y, Sun X K, Sellmyer D J 2002 Adv. Mater. 14 1832
[57]	Chen S L, Liu W, Chen C L, Zhang Z D 2005 J. Appl. Phys. 98 033907
[58]	Chen S L, Liu W, Zhang Z D 2005 Phys. Rev. B 72 224419
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[60]	Chen S L, Liu W, Zhang Z D, Gunaratne G H 2008 J. Appl. Phys. 103 023922
[61]	Liu W, Liu X H, Cui W B, Gong W J, Zhang Z D 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 027104
[62]	Cui W B, Zheng S J, Liu W, Ma X L, Fang Y, Yao Q, Zhao X G, Zhang Z D 2008 J. Appl. Phys. 104 053903
[63]	Yao Q, Liu W, Cui W B, Yang F, Zhao X G, Zhang Z D 2009 J. Phys. D.: Appl. Phys. 42 035007
[64]	Cui W B Takahashi Y K, Hono K 2012 Adv. Mater. 24 6530; Correction 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 1966
[65]	Dai Y Y, Wang H, Tao P, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 054403
[66]	Dai Y Y, Wang H, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2014 Scientific Report 4 6153
[67]	Wang H, Dai Y Y, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2014 RSC Adv. 4 62179
[68]	Sun L, Cao R X, Miao B F, Feng Z, You B, Wu D, Zhang W, Hu A, Ding H F 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 167201
[69]	Xia J, Zhang X C, Zhao G P 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 227502 (in Chinese) [夏静, 张溪超, 赵国平 2013 物理学报 62 227502]
[70]	Kim J V, Carcia-Sanchez F, Sampaio J, Moreau-Luchaire C, Cros V, Fert A 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 064410
[71]	Peng Y, Zhao G P, Wu S Q, Si W J, Wan X L 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 167505 (in Chinese) [彭懿, 赵国平, 吴绍全, 斯文静, 万秀琳 2014 物理学报 63 167505]
[72]	Moon K W, Chun B S, Kim W, Qiu Z Q, Huang C 2014 Phys. Rev. B 89 064413
[73]	Li Z H, Li X 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 178503 (in Chinese) [李正华, 李翔 2014 物理学报 63 178503]
[74]	Wang R, Zheng F, Luo F L, Lou Y F, Wang Y, Cao J W, Bai J M, Wei F L, Kamzin A S 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 217503 (in Chinese) [王锐, 郑富, 罗飞龙, 娄元付, 王颖, 曹江伟, 白建民, 魏福林, 阿谢卡姆津 2013 物理学报 62 217503]

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