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中国物理学会期刊

相干彩虹的形成机制

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.67.20180888

Formation mechanism of coherent rainbows

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.67.20180888
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  • 用一束白光激光聚焦照射液体(水、丙酮、无水乙醇、汽水等)或固体(冰、有色玻璃、塑料、彩色蜡等),出现了多级的彩色干涉环,即相干彩虹.高强度白光局部地加热了液体(固体),改变了它的密度(以及折射性质),从而导致光程差的出现,不同波长的光都发生干渉,形成了彩色的干涉环.有色玻璃在反射模式下也出现了相干彩虹,此时的干涉完全来自于玻璃表面轮廓的变化,并且无参数拟合的结果定量地符合观测到的干涉图案.

     

    Focusing white laser into samples, many colorful rings (coherent rainbows) come out. Such phenomena have been observed in many materials like water, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol, soft drink and other liquids, and ice, colored glass, plastics, wax and other solids. From the center of the coherent rainbows to the outer side, the distance between neighboring rings becomes larger and larger. The coherent rainbow is an interference effect, whose optical path difference is induced by locally heating the material with the laser beam. Especially, the coherent rainbows from colored glass in reflection mode can be described with a simple formula, with which simulated results fit the observed interference pattern very well. Several possible mechanisms like nonlinear optical effect, thermal lens effect and self-phase modulation effect are excluded.

     

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