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双势阱产生正负电子对过程中的正电子波干涉与克莱因隧穿现象

吴广智 王强 周沧涛 傅立斌

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双势阱产生正负电子对过程中的正电子波干涉与克莱因隧穿现象

吴广智, 王强, 周沧涛, 傅立斌

Positron wave interference and Klein tunnel during the production of pairs in the double-well potential

Wu Guang-Zhi, Wang Qiang, Zhou Cang-Tao, Fu Li-Bin
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  • 通过将狄拉克场量子化并且数值求解狄拉克方程的方法研究在一维情况下双势阱激发正负电子对产生的过程.研究发现双势阱激发的正电子波在双势阱之间会出现干涉现象,过程中伴随着克莱因隧穿效应,并且在双势阱之间的距离取正电子波对应的驻波条件时,在双势阱之间会表现出驻波形式的正电子干涉波.并且驻波的出现对正负电子对的产生过程也存在相应的影响,驻波最终会通过克莱因隧穿效应衰减消失.
    In this paper, the electron-positron creation process in a double well scheme is investigated. A series of simulations is conducted by solving the quantized Dirac equation numerically. Here the split operator scheme is used to solve the Dirac equation, and the Fourier analysis is adopted to study the evolution of the wave function. The evolution starts from the state that all the negative energy eigenstates are occupied. By projecting the time dependent wave function to the positive energy eigenstates, the distributions of electrons and positrons in coordinate space and momentum space would be calculated. The total number of the electrons and positrons can be obtained by integrating the momentum distributions, and the number of the positrons in different parts of coordinate space can be achieved by integrating the space distributions. At first the electron-positron is created at the double-well edge, and positrons are emitted from the edges of double-well potential and propagate out while the electrons are bounded by the barriers. It is found that when the positron waves from different double-well edges encounter in the double-well for the first time, there occurs no positron wave interference phenomenon. The wave interference emerges after the positron no indent wave is reflected by the barriers. At the same time, because of Klein tunneling the number of positrons outside the double well begin to surpass the positrons inside the double well. After a piece of time, the amplitude of interference wave would reach its peak, and then collapses since Klein tunneling. If the double-well potential meets the standing-wave conditions, a stationary wave would be found before the interference wave reaches its peak if the distance between the double wells is short, and a stationary wave would be found after the interference wave has reached its peak if the distance between the double wells is long. And the stationary wave occurs when the positron wave is reflected by the barriers for the second time. The occurring of the stationary wave would affect the pairs producing process by making the number of pairs fluctuate. Because of Klein tunneling, the wave packages close to the double-well would disappear first, and the others can last for a longer time when the standing-wave condition is fulfilled, but all of the stationary wave packages disappear in the double well finally. And there is barely no positrons left inside the double well to the end since Klein tunneling.
      通信作者: 吴广智, wuguangzhitc@126.com
    • 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(批准号:2016YFA0401100)、国家自然科学基金(批准号:11374040)、国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2013CB834100)和NSAF联合基金(批准号:U1630246)资助的课题.
      Corresponding author: Wu Guang-Zhi, wuguangzhitc@126.com
    • Funds: Project supported by the National Key Program for ST Research and Development (Grant No. 2016YFA0401100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11374040), the National Basic Research Program of China Project (Grant No. 2013CB834100), and the NSAF (Grant No. U1630246).
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    Piazza A D, Milstein A I, Keitel C H 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 032103

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    Salamin Y I, Hu S X, Hatsagortsyan K Z, Keitel C H 2006 Phys. Rep. 427 41

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    Wollert A, Klaiber M, Bauke H, Keitel C H 2015 Phys. Rev. D 91 065022

    [6]

    Piazza A D, Lotstedt E, Milstein A I, Keitel C H 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 170403

    [7]

    Bulanov S S, Mur V D, Narozhny N B, Nees J, Popov V S 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 220404

    [8]

    Narozhny N B, Fedotov A M 2014 Eur. Phys. J:Spec. Top. 223 1083

    [9]

    Gelfer E G, Mur V D, Narozhny N B, Fedotov A M 2011 J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 113 934

    [10]

    Dunne G V, Schubert C 2005 Phys. Rev. D 72 105004

    [11]

    Dunne G V, Wang Q H, Gies H, Schubert C 2006 Phys. Rev. D 73 065028

    [12]

    Dunne G V, Wang Q H 2006 Phys. Rev. D 74 065015

    [13]

    Dietrich D D, Dunne G V 2011 Phys. Rev. D 84 125023

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    Dumlu C K, Dunne G V 2011 Phys. Rev. D 84 125023

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    Holstein B R 1998 Am. J. Phys. 66 507

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    Krekora P, Su Q, Grobe R 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 040406

    [17]

    Lamb K D, Gerry C C, Su Q, Grobe R 2007 Phys. Rev. A 75 013425

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    Dombey N, Calogeracos A 1999 Phys. Rep. 315 41

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    Krekora P, Su Q, Grobe R 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 043004

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    Sari R A, Suparmi A, Cari C 2016 Chin. Phys. B 25 10301

    [21]

    Kurniawan A, Suparmi A, Cari C 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 30302

    [22]

    Krekora P, Cooley K, Su Q, Grobe R 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 070403

    [23]

    Liu Y, Jiang M, L Q Z, Li Y T, Grobe R, Su Q 2014 Phys. Rev. A 89 012127

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2016-11-07
  • 修回日期:  2017-01-13
  • 刊出日期:  2017-04-05

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