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本文叙述在含钼、钛的18/8型不锈钢中σ-相形成的过程及其对钢的性能的影响。金相及X线衍射分析证实:在复相铬镍不锈钢中,铁素体分解成σ-相以在850℃为最快。应用特殊的侵蚀剂及高倍的金相检查,发现σ-相的沉淀开始发生于铁素体相界;伴随着σ-相的形成,其周围铁素体重结晶为奥氏体。由于σ-相的形成,钢的硬度增加,韧性显著降低,因而严重地影响了钢的安全使用,但是适当的热处理可以恢复其原来的组织及性能。The formation of σ-phase in a 18% Cr 11% Ni 2.6% Mo 0.8% Ti stainless steel has been investigated. Microscopic and X-ray examinations showed that the formationσf σ-phase from δ-ferrite was accompanied by the formation of austenite, the reaction being most rapid at 850℃The formation of a caused a marked decrease in Izod value and a slight increase in hardness. The σ-phase and its detrimental effects can be removed by a re-solution treatment at 1100℃.
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