搜索

x

留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

一次人工触发闪电上行正先导的传输特征

王彩霞 郄秀书 蒋如斌 杨静

引用本文:
Citation:

一次人工触发闪电上行正先导的传输特征

王彩霞, 郄秀书, 蒋如斌, 杨静

Propagating properties of a upward positive leader in a negative triggered lightning

Wang Cai-Xia, Qie Xiu-Shu, Jiang Ru-Bin, Yang Jing
PDF
导出引用
  • 利用山东一次人工触发闪电的高速摄像和30 m, 60 m和480 m的同步电场测量, 清晰显示了人工触发闪电上行正先导的传输特征.上行正先导头部光强相对较强, 二维发展速度变化波动较大并呈现明显不规则性,表明上行正先导发展具有明显的梯级特征. 在先导开始阶段从340 m到705 m高度之间上行正先导平均发展速度为9.8×104 m/s,起始速度是 3.8×104 m/s,局部速度总体上随高度呈现增加趋势.电场变化在近距离产生有规律的梯级状 变化,记录到的28个梯级相邻梯级间隔变化从14 μs 到 39 μs,几何平均值为25.1 μs. 估计的先导梯级长度分布在0.9 m到3.7 m,几何平均值为1.7 m.先导电场变化由慢的正向梯级状变化和 脉冲变化组成,结合光学和电场变化测量结果,得出正先导头部通道发生弯曲可使其电场变化的梯级特征减弱 或消失;正负先导梯级形成机制可能类似,均由其先导头部前端的双向流光发展而来.
    Propagating properties of a upward positive leader are analyzed by using the data from the artificially triggered lightning experiment in Shandong 2009, including the high-speed camera records and simultaneous surface electric field fast change measurements at 30 m, 60 m and 480 m from the channel. The tip of the leader is brighter, and the leader's 2-D partial propagating speed along its channel irregularly changes in a wide range. This indicates that the upward positive leader exhibits obviously stepped characteristics. The average speed is 9.8×104 m/s from 340 m to 705 m at the beginning stage of the leader propagating. The upward positive leader is initiated at a speed of 3.8×104 m/s. The partial speed shows an increasing tendency with height increasing. The electric field change waveform of upward positive leaders has a regularly stepped shape. The step interval of 28 steps recorded ranges from 14 μs to 39 μs with a geometrical mean value of 25.1 μs. The induced step length varies from 0.9 m to 3.7 m with a geometrical mean value of 1.7m. The electric field change of upward positive leaders includes the slowly stepped change and pulsed change. The high-speed camera records and electric field measurements show that the channel of the leader tip bending can eliminate or weaken the stepped property of the electric field change. The positive step leader has a similar propagating mechanism to that the negative leader has, that is a step of leader originates from a bi-directional streamer front end of the leader tip.
    • 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 41175002, 40930949)、中国科学院“百人计划"专项经费和 北京市属高等学校人才强教计划资助项目(批准号: PHR201008435)资助的课题.
    • Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41175002, 40930949) the“Hundred Talent Project” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, and the Funding Program for Academic Human Resources Development in Institutions of Higher Learning Under the Jurisdiction of Beijing Municipality of China (Grant No. PHR201008435).
    [1]

    Rakov V A, UmanMA 2003 Lightning: Physics and Effects (NewYork: Cambridge Univ. Press)

    [2]

    Zhao Y, Qie X S, Kong X Z, Zhang G S, Zhang T, Yang J, Feng G L, Zhang Q L, Wang D F 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 6616 (inChinese) [赵阳,郄秀书,孔祥贞,张广庶,张彤,杨静,冯桂力,张其林,王东方 2009 物理学报 58 6616 ]

    [3]

    Yang J, Qie X S, Wang J G, Zhao Y, Zhang Q L, Yuan T, Zhou Y J, Feng G L 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 1968 (in Chinese) [杨静,郄秀书,王建国,赵阳,张其林,袁铁,周筠珺,冯桂力 2008 物理学报 57 1968]

    [4]

    Jiang R B, Qie X S, Wang C X, Yang J, Zhang Q L, Wang J F, LiuD X 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 079201 (in Chinese) [蒋如斌,郄秀书,王彩霞,杨静,张其林,王俊芳,刘冬霞 2011 物理学报 60 079201]

    [5]

    Biagi C J, Jordan D M, Uman M A, Hill J D, BeasleyW H, Howard J 2009 Geophys. Res. Lett. 36 L15801 doi:10.1029/2009GL038525

    [6]

    Qie X S, Kong X Z 2007 Geophys. Res. Lett. 34 L06809 doi:10.1029/2006GL028771

    [7]

    Yang J, Qie X S, Zhang Q L, Zhao Y, Feng G L, Zhang T L, ZhangG S 2009 Atmos. Res. 91 393

    [8]

    Saba M M F, Cummins K L, Warner T A, Krider E P, Campos LZ S, Ballarotti M G, Pinto Jr O , Fleenor S A 2008 Geophys. Res.Lett. 35 L07802 doi:10.1029/2007GL033000

    [9]

    Kong X Z, Qie X S, Zhao Y 2008 Geophys. Res. Lett. 35 L05816doi:10.1029/ 2007GL032764

    [10]

    Kito Y, Horii K, Higashiyama Y, Nakamura K 1985 J. Geophys.Res. 90 6147

    [11]

    Idone V P 1992 Res. Lett. Atmos. Electr. 12 23

    [12]

    Yang J, Qie X S, Zhang Q L, Zhou Y J, Feng G L, Kong X Z,Zhang T L, Xiao Q F, Zhang G S,Wang H B 2007 Plateau Meteorology26 556 (in Chinese) [杨静,郄秀书,张其林,周筠珺,冯桂力,孔祥贞,张廷龙,肖庆复,张广庶,王怀斌 2007 高原气象 26 556 ]

    [13]

    McEachron K B 1939 Franklin Inst. 227 149

    [14]

    Berger K, Vogelsanger E 1966 Bull. Schweiz. Elektrotech. 57 599

    [15]

    Berge K, Vogelsanger E 1969 New Results of Lightning Observations.In Planetary Electrodynamics ( New York: Gordon andBreach)

    [16]

    Les Renardieres Group 1977 Electra 53 31

    [17]

    Schonland B F J 1956 The Lightning Discharge. In Handbuch ofPhysics 22 576

    [18]

    Berger K 1977 The Earth Flash. In Lightning. Vol.1. Physics of Lightning (New York: Academic Press)

    [19]

    Orville R E 1968 J. Geophys. Res. 73 6999

    [20]

    Qie X S, Zhang Q L, Zhou Y J, Feng G L, Zhang T L, Yang J,Kong X Z, Xiao Q F, Wu S J 2007 Science in China D 50 1241 (inChinese) [郄秀书,张其林,周筠珺,冯桂力,张廷龙,杨静,孔祥贞,肖庆复,吴书君 2007 中国科学D 50 1241 ]

    [21]

    Qie X S, Zhao Y, Zhang Q L, Yang J, Feng G L, Kong X Z, ZhouY J, Zhang T L, Zhang G S, Zhang T L,Wang D F, Cui H H, ZhaoZ K, Wu S J 2009 Atmos. Res. 91 310

    [22]

    Qie X S, Yang J, Jiang R B, Wang J F, Liu D X, Wang C X, XuanY J 2010 Chinese J. Atmos. Sin. 34 937 (in Chinese) [郄秀书,杨静,蒋如斌,王俊芳,刘冬霞,王彩霞,宣越健 2010 大气科学 34 937 ]

    [23]

    Schonland B F J 1950 The Flight of Thunderbolts (Oxford:Clarendon Press)

    [24]

    Williams E R 2006 Sci. Technol. 15 S91 doi:10.1088/0963-0252/15/2/S12

    [25]

    Stolzenburg M, Marshall T C, Rust W D, Bartels D L 2002 J.Geophys. Res. 107 D18 4352 doi:10.1029/2001JD000904

    [26]

    Ralph K, Tidman D A 1974 J. Geophys. Res. 79 865

    [27]

    Wang D H, Qie X S, Guo C M 1999 Lightning and ArtificiallyTriggered Lightning (Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaoda Press) (in Chinese) [王道洪,郄秀书,郭昌明 1999 雷电与人工引雷(上海:上海交大出版社)]

    [28]

    Chen S D, Zhang Y J, Yang S J, Dong W S, Huang Z H, Lü W T,Zheng D 2007 Proceedings of the CSEE 29 113 (in Chinese) [陈绍东,张义军,杨少杰,董万胜,黄智慧,吕伟涛,郑栋 2009 中国电机工程学报 29 113 ]

    [29]

    Biagi C J, Uman A, Hill D, Jordan M, Rakov A, Dwyer J 2010 J.Geophys. Res. 115 D23215 doi:10.1029/2010JD014616

  • [1]

    Rakov V A, UmanMA 2003 Lightning: Physics and Effects (NewYork: Cambridge Univ. Press)

    [2]

    Zhao Y, Qie X S, Kong X Z, Zhang G S, Zhang T, Yang J, Feng G L, Zhang Q L, Wang D F 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 6616 (inChinese) [赵阳,郄秀书,孔祥贞,张广庶,张彤,杨静,冯桂力,张其林,王东方 2009 物理学报 58 6616 ]

    [3]

    Yang J, Qie X S, Wang J G, Zhao Y, Zhang Q L, Yuan T, Zhou Y J, Feng G L 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 1968 (in Chinese) [杨静,郄秀书,王建国,赵阳,张其林,袁铁,周筠珺,冯桂力 2008 物理学报 57 1968]

    [4]

    Jiang R B, Qie X S, Wang C X, Yang J, Zhang Q L, Wang J F, LiuD X 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 079201 (in Chinese) [蒋如斌,郄秀书,王彩霞,杨静,张其林,王俊芳,刘冬霞 2011 物理学报 60 079201]

    [5]

    Biagi C J, Jordan D M, Uman M A, Hill J D, BeasleyW H, Howard J 2009 Geophys. Res. Lett. 36 L15801 doi:10.1029/2009GL038525

    [6]

    Qie X S, Kong X Z 2007 Geophys. Res. Lett. 34 L06809 doi:10.1029/2006GL028771

    [7]

    Yang J, Qie X S, Zhang Q L, Zhao Y, Feng G L, Zhang T L, ZhangG S 2009 Atmos. Res. 91 393

    [8]

    Saba M M F, Cummins K L, Warner T A, Krider E P, Campos LZ S, Ballarotti M G, Pinto Jr O , Fleenor S A 2008 Geophys. Res.Lett. 35 L07802 doi:10.1029/2007GL033000

    [9]

    Kong X Z, Qie X S, Zhao Y 2008 Geophys. Res. Lett. 35 L05816doi:10.1029/ 2007GL032764

    [10]

    Kito Y, Horii K, Higashiyama Y, Nakamura K 1985 J. Geophys.Res. 90 6147

    [11]

    Idone V P 1992 Res. Lett. Atmos. Electr. 12 23

    [12]

    Yang J, Qie X S, Zhang Q L, Zhou Y J, Feng G L, Kong X Z,Zhang T L, Xiao Q F, Zhang G S,Wang H B 2007 Plateau Meteorology26 556 (in Chinese) [杨静,郄秀书,张其林,周筠珺,冯桂力,孔祥贞,张廷龙,肖庆复,张广庶,王怀斌 2007 高原气象 26 556 ]

    [13]

    McEachron K B 1939 Franklin Inst. 227 149

    [14]

    Berger K, Vogelsanger E 1966 Bull. Schweiz. Elektrotech. 57 599

    [15]

    Berge K, Vogelsanger E 1969 New Results of Lightning Observations.In Planetary Electrodynamics ( New York: Gordon andBreach)

    [16]

    Les Renardieres Group 1977 Electra 53 31

    [17]

    Schonland B F J 1956 The Lightning Discharge. In Handbuch ofPhysics 22 576

    [18]

    Berger K 1977 The Earth Flash. In Lightning. Vol.1. Physics of Lightning (New York: Academic Press)

    [19]

    Orville R E 1968 J. Geophys. Res. 73 6999

    [20]

    Qie X S, Zhang Q L, Zhou Y J, Feng G L, Zhang T L, Yang J,Kong X Z, Xiao Q F, Wu S J 2007 Science in China D 50 1241 (inChinese) [郄秀书,张其林,周筠珺,冯桂力,张廷龙,杨静,孔祥贞,肖庆复,吴书君 2007 中国科学D 50 1241 ]

    [21]

    Qie X S, Zhao Y, Zhang Q L, Yang J, Feng G L, Kong X Z, ZhouY J, Zhang T L, Zhang G S, Zhang T L,Wang D F, Cui H H, ZhaoZ K, Wu S J 2009 Atmos. Res. 91 310

    [22]

    Qie X S, Yang J, Jiang R B, Wang J F, Liu D X, Wang C X, XuanY J 2010 Chinese J. Atmos. Sin. 34 937 (in Chinese) [郄秀书,杨静,蒋如斌,王俊芳,刘冬霞,王彩霞,宣越健 2010 大气科学 34 937 ]

    [23]

    Schonland B F J 1950 The Flight of Thunderbolts (Oxford:Clarendon Press)

    [24]

    Williams E R 2006 Sci. Technol. 15 S91 doi:10.1088/0963-0252/15/2/S12

    [25]

    Stolzenburg M, Marshall T C, Rust W D, Bartels D L 2002 J.Geophys. Res. 107 D18 4352 doi:10.1029/2001JD000904

    [26]

    Ralph K, Tidman D A 1974 J. Geophys. Res. 79 865

    [27]

    Wang D H, Qie X S, Guo C M 1999 Lightning and ArtificiallyTriggered Lightning (Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaoda Press) (in Chinese) [王道洪,郄秀书,郭昌明 1999 雷电与人工引雷(上海:上海交大出版社)]

    [28]

    Chen S D, Zhang Y J, Yang S J, Dong W S, Huang Z H, Lü W T,Zheng D 2007 Proceedings of the CSEE 29 113 (in Chinese) [陈绍东,张义军,杨少杰,董万胜,黄智慧,吕伟涛,郑栋 2009 中国电机工程学报 29 113 ]

    [29]

    Biagi C J, Uman A, Hill D, Jordan M, Rakov A, Dwyer J 2010 J.Geophys. Res. 115 D23215 doi:10.1029/2010JD014616

  • [1] 罗小军, 石立华, 张琪, 邱实, 李云, 刘毅诚, 段艳涛. 一次人工触发闪电回击过程的光辐射色散特性分析. 物理学报, 2022, 71(17): 179201. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20220479
    [2] 李宗祥, 蒋如斌, 吕冠霖, 刘明远, 孙竹玲, 张鸿波, 刘昆, 李小强, 张雄. 人工引发闪电上行负先导的发展传输特征. 物理学报, 2021, 70(19): 199201. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20210283
    [3] 曹杰, 顾伟光, 曲召奇, 仲艳, 程广贵, 张忠强. 基于变化静电场的非接触式摩擦纳米发电机设计与研究. 物理学报, 2020, 69(23): 230201. doi: 10.7498/aps.69.20201052
    [4] 李书磊, 邱实, 石立华, 李云, 段艳涛. 基于正交传播算子的闪电宽带甚高频辐射源定位方法研究. 物理学报, 2019, 68(16): 165202. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20190522
    [5] 苟学强, 张义军, 李亚珺, 陈明理. 闪电双向先导理论及观测:极性不对称、不稳定及间歇性. 物理学报, 2018, 67(20): 205201. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20181079
    [6] 刘艺, 杨佳, 李兴, 谷伟, 高志鹏. 微秒脉冲电场下Pb0.99(Zr0.95Ti0.05)0.98Nb0.02O3陶瓷击穿过程电阻变化规律. 物理学报, 2017, 66(11): 117701. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.117701
    [7] 王华光, 张泽新. 摄像显微技术在实验软物质物理中的应用. 物理学报, 2016, 65(17): 178705. doi: 10.7498/aps.65.178705
    [8] 王松, 武占成, 唐小金, 孙永卫, 易忠. 聚酰亚胺电导率随温度和电场强度的变化规律. 物理学报, 2016, 65(2): 025201. doi: 10.7498/aps.65.025201
    [9] 路中磊, 魏英杰, 王聪, 孙钊. 基于高速摄像实验的开放腔体圆柱壳入水空泡流动研究. 物理学报, 2016, 65(1): 014704. doi: 10.7498/aps.65.014704
    [10] 韩云, 钟圣伦, 叶正圣, 陈启军. 基于视角无关转换的深度摄像机定位技术. 物理学报, 2014, 63(7): 074211. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.074211
    [11] 莫亚枭, 朴胜春, 张海刚, 李丽. 水平变化波导中的简正波耦合与能量转移. 物理学报, 2014, 63(21): 214302. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.214302
    [12] 杨春梅, 骆文于, 张仁和, 秦继兴. 一种水平变化可穿透波导中声传播问题的耦合简正波方法. 物理学报, 2013, 62(9): 094302. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.094302
    [13] 武斌, 张广庶, 王彦辉, 李亚珺, 范祥鹏, 余海, 张荣. 青藏高原东北部闪电M变化多参量观测. 物理学报, 2013, 62(18): 189202. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.189202
    [14] 徐斌, 贺华, 杨晓艳, 别业广, 吕清花. 西藏地区近地晴天大气电场气象效应和时间变化研究. 物理学报, 2012, 61(17): 175203. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.175203
    [15] 赵阳, 郄秀书, 孔祥贞, 张广庶, 张彤, 杨静, 冯桂力, 张其林, 王东方. 人工触发闪电电流波形特征参数分析. 物理学报, 2009, 58(9): 6616-6626. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.6616
    [16] 侯柱锋, 朱梓忠, 黄美纯, 黄荣彬, 郑兰荪. Ag,Au,K吸附在W(001)表面上的功函数随外加电场的变化. 物理学报, 2002, 51(7): 1591-1595. doi: 10.7498/aps.51.1591
    [17] 于丽娟, 朱长纯. 用人工神经网络预测场发射开启电场. 物理学报, 2000, 49(1): 170-173. doi: 10.7498/aps.49.170
    [18] 符 建, 高孝纯, 许晶波, 邹旭波. 与不变量有关的幺正变换方法和含时均匀电场中的量子Dirac场的演化. 物理学报, 1999, 48(6): 1011-1022. doi: 10.7498/aps.48.1011
    [19] 袁林. 正入射时双轴晶体中偏振光出射点随晶体取向而变化的轨迹. 物理学报, 1996, 45(6): 1051-1058. doi: 10.7498/aps.45.1051
    [20] 易孙圣, 梁敬魁. α-LiIO3单晶体在静电场作用下点阵常数的变化. 物理学报, 1978, 27(3): 314-321. doi: 10.7498/aps.27.314
计量
  • 文章访问数:  6244
  • PDF下载量:  687
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2011-04-07
  • 修回日期:  2011-05-16
  • 刊出日期:  2012-03-15

/

返回文章
返回