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如何实现宏观量子单摆

宁博元 马军山 庄军 宁西京

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如何实现宏观量子单摆

宁博元, 马军山, 庄军, 宁西京

Realization of quantum single pendulum on macroscopic level

Ning Bo-Yuan, Ma Jun-Shan, Zhuang Jun, Ning Xi-Jing
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  • 利用等效质心方法描写单摆运动,经典力学通过牛顿方程得到摆球在空间做周期振动,而量子力学却给出完全不同的结论:摆球做无“周期”的随机运动.本文分析了量子力学等效质心模型成立的条件,在此基础上计算了经典单摆过渡至量子单摆的实验条件,表明在目前的实验水平上观察宏观摆球(微米量级)的空间量子跃迁行为是简便易行的.
    Dealing with the motion of single pendulum, classical mechanics shows, by the effective center of mass method, that the pendulum ball performs periodical spatial movement. However, using the same method, quantum mechanics presents a totally different answer: the pendulum ball moves randomly in space without a definite period. We provide the criteria conditions for the two different predictions, and propose the experimental conditions for the ball to obey quantum mechanics. Our results show that it is quite easy with current experimental apparatus to observe the spatial quantum transition of a macroscopic objects of the micrometer-seale.
    • 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号:10574030)资助的课题.
    [1]

    [1] Zhang Y D 2002 Quantum Mechanics (Beijing: Science Press) p65—69 (in Chinese)[张永德 2002 量子力学 (北京:科学出版社) 第65—69页]

    [2]

    [2] Art Hobson 2001 Physics: Concepts And Connections (Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers) p372 (in Chinese)[阿特·霍布森 (秦克诚、刘培森、周国荣译) 2001物理学基本概念及其与方方面面的联系 (上海科学技术出版社) 第372页]

    [3]

    [3]Olaf N, Markus A, Anton Z 2003 Am. J. Phys. 71 319

    [4]

    [4]Tatjana I M, Igor M M, Vjacheslav A K, Evgenij V S 2009 Nano. Lett. 9 774

    [5]

    [5]Zhong W D, Cheng H Y, Liu Z X, Wu J H, Li G Z 1999 Acta Phys. Sin. 48 204 (in Chinese)[钟文定、陈海英、刘尊孝、吴建华、李国忠 1999 物理学报 48 204]

    [6]

    [6]Bendkowsky V, Butscher B, Nipper J, Shaffer J, Low J 2009 Nature 458 1005

    [7]

    [7]Mu A X, Zhou X Y, Xue J K 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 764

    [8]

    [8]Xiong B, Liu X X 2007 Chin. Phys. 16 2578

    [9]

    [9]Ota K, Hamada K, Takemura R, Ohmaki M, Machi T 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 134505

    [10]

    [10]Ovchinnikov Y N, Barone A, Varlamov A A 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 037004

    [11]

    [11]Brezinski M E, Liu B 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 063824

    [12]

    [12]Wang Y, Ning X J, Lin Z Z, Li P, Zhuang J 2007 Phys. Rev. B 76 165423

  • [1]

    [1] Zhang Y D 2002 Quantum Mechanics (Beijing: Science Press) p65—69 (in Chinese)[张永德 2002 量子力学 (北京:科学出版社) 第65—69页]

    [2]

    [2] Art Hobson 2001 Physics: Concepts And Connections (Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers) p372 (in Chinese)[阿特·霍布森 (秦克诚、刘培森、周国荣译) 2001物理学基本概念及其与方方面面的联系 (上海科学技术出版社) 第372页]

    [3]

    [3]Olaf N, Markus A, Anton Z 2003 Am. J. Phys. 71 319

    [4]

    [4]Tatjana I M, Igor M M, Vjacheslav A K, Evgenij V S 2009 Nano. Lett. 9 774

    [5]

    [5]Zhong W D, Cheng H Y, Liu Z X, Wu J H, Li G Z 1999 Acta Phys. Sin. 48 204 (in Chinese)[钟文定、陈海英、刘尊孝、吴建华、李国忠 1999 物理学报 48 204]

    [6]

    [6]Bendkowsky V, Butscher B, Nipper J, Shaffer J, Low J 2009 Nature 458 1005

    [7]

    [7]Mu A X, Zhou X Y, Xue J K 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 764

    [8]

    [8]Xiong B, Liu X X 2007 Chin. Phys. 16 2578

    [9]

    [9]Ota K, Hamada K, Takemura R, Ohmaki M, Machi T 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 134505

    [10]

    [10]Ovchinnikov Y N, Barone A, Varlamov A A 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 037004

    [11]

    [11]Brezinski M E, Liu B 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 063824

    [12]

    [12]Wang Y, Ning X J, Lin Z Z, Li P, Zhuang J 2007 Phys. Rev. B 76 165423

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  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2009-05-26
  • 修回日期:  2009-07-07
  • 刊出日期:  2010-03-15

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