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利用T矩阵和离散坐标法研究了取向比对椭球粒子散射特性的影响, 计算了小尺度范围内椭球粒子的散射特征参量, 包括消光效率因子、不对称因子、单次散射反照率、散射相矩阵及双向反射函数(BRDF). 结果表明, 椭球粒子的散射特性与取向比密切相关, 粒子取向比会影响散射参量的振荡频率和振幅, 与球形粒子散射参量的相对差异也呈周期振荡趋势. 研究还发现, 某些特殊粒子尺寸的散射参量与粒子取向比基本无关. 在多次散射条件下, 分析不同取向比粒子群的BRDF随反射角和光学厚度的变化特性. 结果显示: 不同取向比粒子群的BRDF随反射角的变化趋势基本一致, 球形粒子群比非球形粒子群的BRDF曲线波动振幅更大; 球形-非球形粒子的BRDF相对差异随光学厚度和取向比的增大而减小, 随入射角的增大而增大.The influence of aspect ratio on the light scattering properties of ellipsoidal particles is studied by using T-matrix method and discrete ordinate method in this paper. The light scattering characteristic quantities including extinction efficiency, asymmetrical parameter, single scattering albedo, scattering phase matrix, and bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) are computed. It is found that light scattering properties of ellipsoidal particles are sensitive to aspect ratio. The aspect ratio can influence the oscillation frequencies and amplitudes of the scattering parameters except some special size parameters. The value of asymmetrical factor could be as large as 0.3 in wave crest value of size parameter while it is no more than 0.1 at the balance location. As for the multiple scattering, the characteristics of BRDF for different aspect ratios in different incident angles and optical thickness values are analyzed, and for a further study, the relative differences of BRDF influenced by aspect ratio, optical thickness, and incident angle are analyzed. The results show that the variation trends of BRDF for the ellipsoidal particles with various aspect ratios are basically the same. However, the curve of BRDF of spherical particles (i.e., with their aspect ratios being 1) is more variable. With the increasing of aerosol optical thickness and aspect ratio, the curves of BRDF at different aspect ratios for ellipsoidal particles tend to a steady and similar value and the relative difference of BRDF decreases. But with the increasing of aerosol optical depth, the relative difference of BRDF increases with the increasing of incident angles, especially in large optical thickness, the value of the relative difference of BRDF can be as large as 15%.
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Keywords:
- ellipsoidal particle /
- aspect ratio /
- T-matrix /
- bidirectional reflectance distribution function
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[15] Chandrasekhar S 1950 Radiative Transfer (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
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[17] Stamnes K, Dale H 1981 J. Atmos. Sci. 38 1696
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[21] Fu Q 2007 J. Atmos. Sci. 64 4140
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[23] Diedenhoven B V, Cairns B, Geogdzhayev I V, Fridlind A M, Ackerman A S, Yang P, Baum B A 2012 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 5 2361
[24] Macke A, Mueller J, Raschke E 1996 J. Atmos. Sci. 53 2813
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[26] Duncan D D, Thomas M E 2007 Appl. Opt. 46 6187
[27] Kokhanovsky A A, Rozanov V V 2003 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 77 165
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[1] Liu L P, Qian Y F 1996 J. Nanjing Univ. (Nat. Sci.) 32 316 (in Chinese) [刘黎平, 钱永甫 1996 南京大学学报 32 316]
[2] Gao T C, Liu L, Li H 2007 J. PLA Univ. Sci. Technol. 8 302 (in Chinese) [高太长, 刘磊, 李浩 2007 解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版) 8 302]
[3] Gong C W, Wei H L, Li X B, Shao S Y, Xu Q S, Chen X H 2009 Acta Opt. Sin. 29 1155 (in Chinese) [宫纯文, 魏合理, 李学彬, 邵士勇, 徐青山, 陈秀红 2009光学学报 29 1155]
[4] Fan M, Chen L F, Li S S, Tao J H, Su L, Zou M M, Zhang Y, Han D 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 204202 (in Chinese) [范萌, 陈良富, 李莘莘, 陶金花, 苏林, 邹铭敏, 张莹, 韩东2012物理学报 61 204202]
[5] Sun X M, Wang H H, Shen J, Wang S J 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 114216 (in Chinese) [孙贤明, 王海华, 申晋, 王淑君 2011 物理学报 60 114216]
[6] Shao S Y, Huang Y B, Wei H L, Rao R Z 2009 Acta Opt. Sin. 29 108 (in Chinese) [邵士勇, 黄印博, 魏合理, 饶瑞中 2009 光学学报 29 108]
[7] Chen X H, Liu Q, Wei H L 2007 J. Light Scattering 19 283 (in Chinese) [陈秀红, 刘强, 魏合理 2007光散射学报 19 283]
[8] Meland B, Kleiber P D, Grassian V H, Young M A 2010 J. Geophys. Res. 115 D20208
[9] Huang X, Yang P, Kattawar G, Liou K N 2015 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 151 97
[10] Mishchenko M I, Travis L D, Kahn R A, West R A 1997 J. Geophys. Res. 102 16831
[11] Kahnert M, Nousiainen T, Veihelmann B 2005 J. Geophys. Res. 110 D18S13
[12] Kahnert M, Kylling A 2004 J. Geophys. Res. 109 D09203
[13] Waterman P C 1971 Phys. Rev. D 3 825
[14] Mishchenko M I, Travis L D, Mackowski D W 1996 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 55 535
[15] Chandrasekhar S 1950 Radiative Transfer (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
[16] Liou K N 1973 J. Atmos. Sci. 30 1303
[17] Stamnes K, Dale H 1981 J. Atmos. Sci. 38 1696
[18] Liou K N (translated by Guo C L, Zhou S J) 2004 An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation (Beijing: China Meteorological Press) pp372-377 (in Chinese) [廖国男 著(郭彩丽, 周诗健 译) 2004 大气辐射导论 (北京: 北京气象出版社)第372377页]
[19] Dong Q S 1997 Chin. J. Radio Sci. 12 15 (in Chinese) [董庆生 1997 电波科学学报 12 15]
[20] Diner D J, Bruegge C J, Martonchik J V, Bothwell G W, Danielson E D, Floyd E L, Ford V G, Hovland L E, Jones K L, White M L 1991 Int. J. Imaging Sys. Technol. 3 92
[21] Fu Q 2007 J. Atmos. Sci. 64 4140
[22] Yang P, Fu Q 2009 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 110 1604
[23] Diedenhoven B V, Cairns B, Geogdzhayev I V, Fridlind A M, Ackerman A S, Yang P, Baum B A 2012 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 5 2361
[24] Macke A, Mueller J, Raschke E 1996 J. Atmos. Sci. 53 2813
[25] Breon F M, Goloub P 1998 Geophys. Res. Lett. 25 1879
[26] Duncan D D, Thomas M E 2007 Appl. Opt. 46 6187
[27] Kokhanovsky A A, Rozanov V V 2003 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 77 165
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