机载腔增强吸收光谱系统应用于大气NO2空间高时间分辨率测量

梁帅西; 秦敏; 段俊; 方武; 李昂; 徐晋; 卢雪; 唐科; 谢品华; 刘建国; 刘文清

doi:10.7498/aps.66.090704

摘要

介绍了一套用于机载平台测量的非相干宽带腔增强吸收光谱（IBBCEAS）系统，并应用于实际大气NO2空间分布的高时间分辨率观测.为满足机载测量中对时间分辨率的需求，系统采用离轴抛物面镜代替消色差透镜提高光学耦合效率；并运用Allan方差，对系统性能进行了分析.通过腔增强吸收光谱系统与长光程吸收光谱系统对实际大气NO2的对比测试，两者线性相关系数R2达到0.86.将IBBCEAS系统应用于机载平台，在时间分辨率为2 s的情况下，探测限达到95 ppt（1）.通过机载观测，获得了华北地区石家庄等地上空对流层大气NO2的廓线信息.

关键词:

Abstract

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an important trace gas in the troposphere and plays a vital role in many aspects of the chemistry of the atmosphere. Accurate measurement of NO2 is the primary step to understand its role in atmospheric chemistry and to establish effective pollution prevention policies. Relatively few measurements of the NO2 profile in troposphere by using point-type instruments with high temporal resolution have been carried out in China. Due to the relatively poor measurement environment on airborne platform, the measurement system requires good anti-vibration ability, stability and environmental adaptability. A home-built incoherent broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer (IBBCEAS) on the airborne platform is presented in this paper, and applied to high temporal resolution observations of the actual atmospheric NO2 spatial distribution. According to the strong absorption of NO2 in a wavelength range from 449 nm to 470 nm, we choose a high-power 457 nm light-emitting diode (LED) as a light source. A Peltier is used to control LED temperature and to stabilize the LED temperature at (200.1)℃. The pure PFA material optical cavity and sampling tube are used to reduce wall loss. And we choose the highly reflecting mirrors (reflectivity R0.9999@440-450 nm) to improve the effective optical path. A 2 m filter is used at the inlet of instrument to remove most of the particulate matter in the sample flows, which reduce the effect of particulate matter on the effective path length. In order to meet the requirement for time resolution in airborne measurement, we use an off-axis paraboloic mirror instead of an achromatic lens to improve the optical coupling efficiency. The reflectivity of the highly reflecting mirror is calibrated by the difference in Rayleigh scattering between He and N2. And the optimum averaging time of the IBBCEAS instrument is confirmed to be 1000 s by the Allan variance analysis. Detection limit (1) of 10 ppt for NO2 is achieved with an optimum acquisition time of 1000 s. Concentrations of NO2 are recorded and compared with data from a long path different optical absorption spectroscopy instrument, and the results show good agreement with each other. The linear correlation coefficient R2 is 0.86 in a slope of 0.92 with an offset of -0.402 ppb. The IBBCEAS system is deployed on an airborne platform, and the detection limit is 95 ppt (1) with a time resolution of 2 s. The profile of tropospheric NO2 by airborne observation is obtained over Shijiazhuang in Northern China. IBBCEAS system in the airborne platform shows good stability.

Keywords:

incoherent broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer /
airborne /
troposphere NO2 profile

作者及机构信息

1.
中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院, 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所, 环境光学与技术重点实验室, 合肥 230031;

2.
中国科学技术大学, 合肥 230026;

3.
中国科学院区域大气环境研究卓越创新中心, 厦门 361021

通信作者: 秦敏, mqin@aiofm.ac.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：91544104，41571130023，61275151）和国家高技术研究发展计划（批准号：2014AA06A508）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, and Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;

2.
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;

3.
CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Xiamen 361021, China

Corresponding author: Qin Min, mqin@aiofm.ac.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91544104, 41571130023, 61275151) and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2014AA06A508).

参考文献

[1]	Langridge J M, Ball S M, Jones R L 2006 Analyst 131 916
[2]	Lee J, Kim K H, Kim Y J, Lee J 2008 J. Environ. Manage. 86 750
[3]	Lee J S, Kim Y J, Kuk B, Geyer A, Platt U 2005 Environ. Monit. Assess. 104 281
[4]	Li Y Q, Demerjian K L, Zahniser M S, Nelson D D, Mcmanus J B, Herndon S C 2004 J. Geophys. Res. 109 D16S08
[5]	Thornton J A, Wooldridge P J, Cohen R C 2000 Anal. Chem. 72 528
[6]	Bucsela E J, Perring A E, Cohen R C, Boersma K F, Celarier E A, Gleason J F, Wenig M O, Bertram T H, Wooldridge P J, Dirksen R 2008 J. Geophys. Res. 42 4480
[7]	Boersma K F, Jacob D J, Bucsela E J, Perring A E, Dirksen R, JvdA R, Yantosca R M, Park R J, Wenig M O, Bertram T H 2008 Atmos. Environ. 42 4480
[8]	Wagner N L, Dub W P, Washenfelder R A, Young C J, Pollack I B, Ryerson T B, Brown S S 2011 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 4 1227
[9]	Kennedy O J, Ouyang B, Langridge J M, Daniels M J S, Bauguitte S, Freshwater R, McLeod M W, Ironmonger C, Sendall J, Norris O, Nightingale R, Ball S M, Jones R L 2011 Atmos. Measur. Tech. 4 1759
[10]	Volkamer R, Baidar S, Campos T L, Coburn S, DiGangi J P, Dix B, Eloranta E W, Koenig T K, Morley B, Ortega I, Pierce B R, Reeves M, Sinreich R, Wang S, Zondlo M A, Romashkin P A 2015 Atmos. Measur. Tech. 8 2121
[11]	Min K E, Washenfelder R A, Dub W P, Langford A O, Edwards P M, Zarzana K J, Stutz J, Lu K, Rohrer F, Zhang Y, Brown S S 2015 Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. 8 11209
[12]	Heland J, Schlager H, Richter A, Burrows J P 2002 Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 44
[13]	Petritoli A, Bonasoni P, Giovanelli G, Ravegnani F, Kostadinov I, Bortoli D, Weiss A, Schaub D, Richter A, Fortezza F 2004 J. Geophys. Res. 109 D15307
[14]	Martin R V, Parrish D D, Ryerson T B, Nicks D K, Chance K, Kurosu T P, Jacob D J, Sturges E D, Fried A, Wert B P 2004 J. Geophys. Res. 109 D24307
[15]	Lamsal L N, Krotkov N A, Celarier E A, Swartz W H, Pickering K E, Bucsela E J, Gleason J F, Martin R V, Philip S, Irie H, Cede A, Herman J, Weinheimer A, Szykman J J, Knepp T N 2014 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 14 11587
[16]	Ventrillard-Courtillot I, O'Brien E S, Kassi S, Mjean G, Romanini D 2010 Appl. Phys. B 101 661
[17]	Hoch D J, Buxmann J, Sihler H, Phler D, Zetzsch C, Platt U 2014 Atmos. Measur. Tech. 7 199
[18]	Washenfelder R A, Attwood A R, Flores J M, Rudich Y, Brown S S 2015 Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. 8 9927
[19]	Ling L, Xie P, Qin M, Fang W, Jiang Y, Hu R, Zheng N 2013 Chin. Opt. Lett. 11 77
[20]	Dong M L, Xu X Z, Zhao W X, Gu X J, Hu C J, Gai Y B, Gao X M, Huang W, Zhang W J 2014 J. Appl. Opt. 35 264 (in Chinese) [董美丽, 徐学哲, 赵卫雄, 顾学军, 胡长进, 盖艳波, 高晓明, 黄伟, 张为俊 2014 应用光学 35 264]
[21]	Duan J, Qin M, Fang W, Ling L Y, Hu R Z, Lu X, Shen L L, Wang D, Xie P H, Liu J G, Liu W Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 180701 (in Chinese) [段俊, 秦敏, 方武, 凌六一, 胡仁志, 卢雪, 沈兰兰, 王丹, 谢品华, 刘建国, 刘文清 2015 物理学报 64 180701]
[22]	Wu T, Zha Q, Chen W, Xu Z, Wang T, He X 2014 Atmos. Environ. 95 544
[23]	Wu F C, Li A, Xie P H, Chen H, Ling L Y, Xu J, Mou F S, Zhang J, Shen J C, Liu J G, Liu W Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 114211 (in Chinese) [吴丰成, 李昂, 谢品华, 陈浩, 凌六一, 徐晋, 牟福生, 张杰, 申进朝, 刘建国, 刘文清 2015 物理学报 64 114211]
[24]	Wang T, Wang P C, Yu H, Zhang X Y, Zhou B, Si F Q, Wang S S, Bai W G, Zhou H J, Zhao H 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 054206 (in Chinese) [王婷, 王普才, 余环, 张兴赢, 周斌, 司福祺, 王珊珊, 白文广, 周海金, 赵恒 2013 物理学报 62 054206]
[25]	Washenfelder R A, Langford A O, Fuchs H, Brown S S 2008 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8 7779
[26]	Shardanand, Rao A D P 1977 NASA Technical Note (Washington D. C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
[27]	Sneep M, Ubachs W 2005 J. Quantit. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans. 92 293
[28]	Werle P, Mcke R, Slemr F 1993 Appl. Phys. B 57 131
[29]	Wu T, Zhao W, Chen W, Zhang W, Gao X 2008 Appl. Phys. B 94 85

施引文献

[1]	Langridge J M, Ball S M, Jones R L 2006 Analyst 131 916
[2]	Lee J, Kim K H, Kim Y J, Lee J 2008 J. Environ. Manage. 86 750
[3]	Lee J S, Kim Y J, Kuk B, Geyer A, Platt U 2005 Environ. Monit. Assess. 104 281
[4]	Li Y Q, Demerjian K L, Zahniser M S, Nelson D D, Mcmanus J B, Herndon S C 2004 J. Geophys. Res. 109 D16S08
[5]	Thornton J A, Wooldridge P J, Cohen R C 2000 Anal. Chem. 72 528
[6]	Bucsela E J, Perring A E, Cohen R C, Boersma K F, Celarier E A, Gleason J F, Wenig M O, Bertram T H, Wooldridge P J, Dirksen R 2008 J. Geophys. Res. 42 4480
[7]	Boersma K F, Jacob D J, Bucsela E J, Perring A E, Dirksen R, JvdA R, Yantosca R M, Park R J, Wenig M O, Bertram T H 2008 Atmos. Environ. 42 4480
[8]	Wagner N L, Dub W P, Washenfelder R A, Young C J, Pollack I B, Ryerson T B, Brown S S 2011 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 4 1227
[9]	Kennedy O J, Ouyang B, Langridge J M, Daniels M J S, Bauguitte S, Freshwater R, McLeod M W, Ironmonger C, Sendall J, Norris O, Nightingale R, Ball S M, Jones R L 2011 Atmos. Measur. Tech. 4 1759
[10]	Volkamer R, Baidar S, Campos T L, Coburn S, DiGangi J P, Dix B, Eloranta E W, Koenig T K, Morley B, Ortega I, Pierce B R, Reeves M, Sinreich R, Wang S, Zondlo M A, Romashkin P A 2015 Atmos. Measur. Tech. 8 2121
[11]	Min K E, Washenfelder R A, Dub W P, Langford A O, Edwards P M, Zarzana K J, Stutz J, Lu K, Rohrer F, Zhang Y, Brown S S 2015 Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. 8 11209
[12]	Heland J, Schlager H, Richter A, Burrows J P 2002 Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 44
[13]	Petritoli A, Bonasoni P, Giovanelli G, Ravegnani F, Kostadinov I, Bortoli D, Weiss A, Schaub D, Richter A, Fortezza F 2004 J. Geophys. Res. 109 D15307
[14]	Martin R V, Parrish D D, Ryerson T B, Nicks D K, Chance K, Kurosu T P, Jacob D J, Sturges E D, Fried A, Wert B P 2004 J. Geophys. Res. 109 D24307
[15]	Lamsal L N, Krotkov N A, Celarier E A, Swartz W H, Pickering K E, Bucsela E J, Gleason J F, Martin R V, Philip S, Irie H, Cede A, Herman J, Weinheimer A, Szykman J J, Knepp T N 2014 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 14 11587
[16]	Ventrillard-Courtillot I, O'Brien E S, Kassi S, Mjean G, Romanini D 2010 Appl. Phys. B 101 661
[17]	Hoch D J, Buxmann J, Sihler H, Phler D, Zetzsch C, Platt U 2014 Atmos. Measur. Tech. 7 199
[18]	Washenfelder R A, Attwood A R, Flores J M, Rudich Y, Brown S S 2015 Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. 8 9927
[19]	Ling L, Xie P, Qin M, Fang W, Jiang Y, Hu R, Zheng N 2013 Chin. Opt. Lett. 11 77
[20]	Dong M L, Xu X Z, Zhao W X, Gu X J, Hu C J, Gai Y B, Gao X M, Huang W, Zhang W J 2014 J. Appl. Opt. 35 264 (in Chinese) [董美丽, 徐学哲, 赵卫雄, 顾学军, 胡长进, 盖艳波, 高晓明, 黄伟, 张为俊 2014 应用光学 35 264]
[21]	Duan J, Qin M, Fang W, Ling L Y, Hu R Z, Lu X, Shen L L, Wang D, Xie P H, Liu J G, Liu W Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 180701 (in Chinese) [段俊, 秦敏, 方武, 凌六一, 胡仁志, 卢雪, 沈兰兰, 王丹, 谢品华, 刘建国, 刘文清 2015 物理学报 64 180701]
[22]	Wu T, Zha Q, Chen W, Xu Z, Wang T, He X 2014 Atmos. Environ. 95 544
[23]	Wu F C, Li A, Xie P H, Chen H, Ling L Y, Xu J, Mou F S, Zhang J, Shen J C, Liu J G, Liu W Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 114211 (in Chinese) [吴丰成, 李昂, 谢品华, 陈浩, 凌六一, 徐晋, 牟福生, 张杰, 申进朝, 刘建国, 刘文清 2015 物理学报 64 114211]
[24]	Wang T, Wang P C, Yu H, Zhang X Y, Zhou B, Si F Q, Wang S S, Bai W G, Zhou H J, Zhao H 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 054206 (in Chinese) [王婷, 王普才, 余环, 张兴赢, 周斌, 司福祺, 王珊珊, 白文广, 周海金, 赵恒 2013 物理学报 62 054206]
[25]	Washenfelder R A, Langford A O, Fuchs H, Brown S S 2008 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8 7779
[26]	Shardanand, Rao A D P 1977 NASA Technical Note (Washington D. C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
[27]	Sneep M, Ubachs W 2005 J. Quantit. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans. 92 293
[28]	Werle P, Mcke R, Slemr F 1993 Appl. Phys. B 57 131
[29]	Wu T, Zhao W, Chen W, Zhang W, Gao X 2008 Appl. Phys. B 94 85

[1]	熊枫, 彭志敏, 王振, 丁艳军, 吕俊复, 杜艳君. CO₂/CO干扰下基于腔衰荡吸收光谱的痕量H₂S浓度测量. 物理学报, 2023, 72(4): 043302. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20221851
[2]	孟凡昊, 秦敏, 方武, 段俊, 唐科, 张鹤露, 邵豆, 廖知堂, 谢品华. 基于迭代算法的大气HONO和NO₂开放光路宽带腔增强吸收光谱测量. 物理学报, 2022, 71(12): 120701. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20220150
[3]	段俊, 唐科, 秦敏, 王丹, 王牧笛, 方武, 孟凡昊, 谢品华, 刘建国, 刘文清. 宽带腔增强吸收光谱技术应用于大气NO₃自由基的测量. 物理学报, 2021, 70(1): 010702. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201066
[4]	薛正跃, 李竣, 刘笑海, 王晶晶, 高晓明, 谈图. 基于激光外差探测的大气N₂O吸收光谱测量与廓线反演. 物理学报, 2021, 70(21): 217801. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20210710
[5]	张鹤露, 秦敏, 方武, 唐科, 段俊, 孟凡昊, 邵豆, 华卉, 廖知堂, 谢品华. 基于非相干宽带腔增强吸收光谱技术对碘氧自由基的定量研究. 物理学报, 2021, 70(15): 150702. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20210312
[6]	卞晓鸽, 周胜, 张磊, 何天博, 李劲松. 基于标准样品回归算法和腔增强光谱的NO₂检测方法. 物理学报, 2021, 70(5): 050702. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201322
[7]	寇添, 于雷, 周中良, 王海晏, 阮铖巍, 刘宏强. 机载光电系统探测空中机动目标的光谱辐射特征研究. 物理学报, 2017, 66(4): 049501. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.049501
[8]	韩舸, 龚威, 马昕, 相成志, 梁艾琳, 郑玉新. 地基CO2廓线探测差分吸收激光雷达. 物理学报, 2015, 64(24): 244206. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.244206
[9]	段俊, 秦敏, 方武, 凌六一, 胡仁志, 卢雪, 沈兰兰, 王丹, 谢品华, 刘建国, 刘文清. 非相干宽带腔增强吸收光谱技术应用于实际大气亚硝酸的测量. 物理学报, 2015, 64(18): 180701. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.180701
[10]	吴丰成, 李昂, 谢品华, 陈浩, 凌六一, 徐晋, 牟福生, 张杰, 申进朝, 刘建国, 刘文清. 车载多轴差分吸收光谱探测对流层NO2分布研究. 物理学报, 2015, 64(11): 114211. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.114211
[11]	凌六一, 谢品华, 林攀攀, 黄友锐, 秦敏, 段俊, 胡仁志, 吴丰成. 基于O2-O2吸收的非相干宽带腔增强吸收光谱浓度反演方法研究. 物理学报, 2015, 64(13): 130705. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.130705
[12]	刘进, 司福祺, 周海金, 赵敏杰, 窦科, 王煜, 刘文清. 机载成像差分吸收光谱技术测量区域NO2二维分布研究. 物理学报, 2015, 64(3): 034217. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.034217
[13]	王婷, 王普才, 余环, 张兴赢, 周斌, 司福祺, 王珊珊, 白文广, 周海金, 赵恒. 多轴差分吸收光谱仪反演大气NO2的比对试验. 物理学报, 2013, 62(5): 054206. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.054206
[14]	王杨, 李昂, 谢品华, 陈浩, 徐晋, 吴丰成, 刘建国, 刘文清. 多轴差分吸收光谱技术反演气溶胶消光系数垂直廓线. 物理学报, 2013, 62(18): 180705. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.180705
[15]	王杨, 李昂, 谢品华, 陈浩, 牟福生, 徐晋, 吴丰成, 曾议, 刘建国, 刘文清. 多轴差分吸收光谱技术测量NO2对流层垂直分布及垂直柱浓度. 物理学报, 2013, 62(20): 200705. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.200705
[16]	徐晋, 谢品华, 司福祺, 李昂, 周海金, 吴丰成, 王杨, 刘建国, 刘文清. 基于机载平台的NO2 垂直廓线反演灵敏度研究. 物理学报, 2013, 62(10): 104214. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.104214
[17]	董美丽, 赵卫雄, 程跃, 胡长进, 顾学军, 张为俊. 宽带腔增强吸收光谱技术应用于痕量气体探测及气溶胶消光系数测量. 物理学报, 2012, 61(6): 060702. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.060702
[18]	王杨, 谢品华, 李昂, 曾议, 徐晋, 司福祺. 直射太阳光差分吸收光谱法测量合肥NO2 整层柱浓度. 物理学报, 2012, 61(11): 114209. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.114209
[19]	凌六一, 秦敏, 谢品华, 胡仁志, 方武, 江宇, 刘建国, 刘文清. 基于LED光源的非相干宽带腔增强吸收光谱技术探测HONO和NO2. 物理学报, 2012, 61(14): 140703. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.140703
[20]	徐晋, 谢品华, 司福祺, 李昂, 刘文清. 机载多轴差分吸收光谱技术获取对流层NO2垂直柱浓度的研究. 物理学报, 2012, 61(2): 024204. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.024204

计量

文章访问数: 5222
PDF下载量: 258
被引次数: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

搜索

留言板