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An energy harvester is presented to scavenge energy from ambient vibrations using magnetostrictive/piezoelectric laminated magnetoelectric （ME） transducer. A cantilever beam is employed as the vibration sensitive element of the harvester，and a magnetic circuit made up of four NdFeB magnets is placed on the free end of the beam. Since the magnetic circuit produces a concentrated flux gradient in the air gap，the ME transducer can induce large magnetic field variations in the low level vibration，thus high output power can be obtained. Based on the equivalent magnetic charge theory，the magnetic field distribution of the air gap and the magnetic force of the magnetic circuit are analyzed，and the nonlinear vibration performance of the harvester is studied using the Lindstedt-Poincaré method. The mechano-magneto-electric performance of the harvester at resonance is analyzed by combining the vibration equation of the harvester with the magnetoelectric characteristics of the ME transducer. The experimental results verified the analytical results，and a prototype produces a power of 1124 μW for an acceleration of 05g at its resonant frequency of 33 Hz.
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Keywords:
- vibration energy harvesting /
- magnetostrictive/piezoelectric laminated composite /
- mechano-magneto-electric conversion /
- nonlinear vibration
[1] ［1］Roundy S，Wright P K，Rabaey J 2003 Computer Communications 26 1131
[2] ［2］Beeby S P，Tudor M J，White N M 2006 Meas. Sci. Technol. 17 R175
[3] ［3］Roundy S J 2003 Ph. D. Dissertation （Berkeley：university of California） p190—223
[4] ［4］Shashank P 2007 J. Electroceram 19 165
[5] ［5］Ryu J，Priya S，Carazo A V，Uchino K 2001 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 84 2905
[6] ［6］Huang J K，OHandley R C，Bono D C 2003 Proceedings of the 10th Smart Structures and Materials San Diego，CA，USA，March 2-6，2003 p229
[7] ［7］OHandley R C，Huang J K，Bono D，Simon J 2008 IEEE Sensors Journal 8 58
[8] ［8］Dong S X，Li J F，Viehland D 2003 IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics，Ferroelectrics，and Frequency Control 50 1236
[9] ［9］Yang W W，Wen Y M，Li P，Bian L X 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 4545 （in Chinese）［杨伟伟、文玉梅、李平、卞雷祥 2008 物理学报 57 4545］
[10] ］Wan H，Shen R F，Wu X Z 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1426 （in Chinese）［万红、沈仁发、吴学忠 2005 物理学报 54 1426］
[11] ］Dong S X，Li J F，Viehland D 2004 J.Appl.Phys. 95 2625
[12] ］Yang F，Wen Y M，Li P，Zheng M，Bian L X 2007 Acta Phys.Sin. 56 3539 （in Chinese）［杨帆、文玉梅、李平、郑敏、卞雷祥 2007 物理学报 56 3539］
[13] ］Yang F，Wen Y M，Zheng M，Li P 2006 Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators 19 2371 （in Chinese）［杨帆、文玉梅、郑敏、李平 2006 传感技术学报 19 2371］
[14] ］Andrey B，William P R，Babak Z 2004 Sensors and Actuators A 114 244
[15] ］Yi J Z 1987 Magnetic field calculation and magnetic circuit design （Chengdu：Chengdu Electronic Information Engineering College press） p16 （in Chinese）［易敬曾 1987 磁场计算与磁路设计（成都：成都电讯工程学院出版社） 第16页］
[16] ］Liang C B，Qing G 1980 Electromagnetics （Beijing：Higher Education Press） p464 （in Chinese）［梁灿彬、秦光 1980 电磁学（北京：高等教育出版社） 第464页］
[17] ］Song H D，Chen P L 1984 Permanent Magnetic Materials and their Applications （Beijing：China Machine Press） p218 （in Chinese）［宋后定、陈培林 1984 永磁材料及其应用（北京：机械工业出版社） 第218页］
[18] ］Liu Y Z，Cheng W L，Cheng L Q 2000 Vibration mechanics （Beijing：Higher Education Press） p203 （in Chinese）［刘延柱、陈文良、陈立群 2000 振动力学（北京：高等教育出版社） 第203页］
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[1] ［1］Roundy S，Wright P K，Rabaey J 2003 Computer Communications 26 1131
[2] ［2］Beeby S P，Tudor M J，White N M 2006 Meas. Sci. Technol. 17 R175
[3] ［3］Roundy S J 2003 Ph. D. Dissertation （Berkeley：university of California） p190—223
[4] ［4］Shashank P 2007 J. Electroceram 19 165
[5] ［5］Ryu J，Priya S，Carazo A V，Uchino K 2001 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 84 2905
[6] ［6］Huang J K，OHandley R C，Bono D C 2003 Proceedings of the 10th Smart Structures and Materials San Diego，CA，USA，March 2-6，2003 p229
[7] ［7］OHandley R C，Huang J K，Bono D，Simon J 2008 IEEE Sensors Journal 8 58
[8] ［8］Dong S X，Li J F，Viehland D 2003 IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics，Ferroelectrics，and Frequency Control 50 1236
[9] ［9］Yang W W，Wen Y M，Li P，Bian L X 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 4545 （in Chinese）［杨伟伟、文玉梅、李平、卞雷祥 2008 物理学报 57 4545］
[10] ］Wan H，Shen R F，Wu X Z 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1426 （in Chinese）［万红、沈仁发、吴学忠 2005 物理学报 54 1426］
[11] ］Dong S X，Li J F，Viehland D 2004 J.Appl.Phys. 95 2625
[12] ］Yang F，Wen Y M，Li P，Zheng M，Bian L X 2007 Acta Phys.Sin. 56 3539 （in Chinese）［杨帆、文玉梅、李平、郑敏、卞雷祥 2007 物理学报 56 3539］
[13] ］Yang F，Wen Y M，Zheng M，Li P 2006 Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators 19 2371 （in Chinese）［杨帆、文玉梅、郑敏、李平 2006 传感技术学报 19 2371］
[14] ］Andrey B，William P R，Babak Z 2004 Sensors and Actuators A 114 244
[15] ］Yi J Z 1987 Magnetic field calculation and magnetic circuit design （Chengdu：Chengdu Electronic Information Engineering College press） p16 （in Chinese）［易敬曾 1987 磁场计算与磁路设计（成都：成都电讯工程学院出版社） 第16页］
[16] ］Liang C B，Qing G 1980 Electromagnetics （Beijing：Higher Education Press） p464 （in Chinese）［梁灿彬、秦光 1980 电磁学（北京：高等教育出版社） 第464页］
[17] ］Song H D，Chen P L 1984 Permanent Magnetic Materials and their Applications （Beijing：China Machine Press） p218 （in Chinese）［宋后定、陈培林 1984 永磁材料及其应用（北京：机械工业出版社） 第218页］
[18] ］Liu Y Z，Cheng W L，Cheng L Q 2000 Vibration mechanics （Beijing：Higher Education Press） p203 （in Chinese）［刘延柱、陈文良、陈立群 2000 振动力学（北京：高等教育出版社） 第203页］
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