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The packing structure of identical spheres poured into a narrow cylindrical container will be influenced by the curvature of the container wall. This has been known as the wall effect. Our experiments reveal that under the action of vertical vibration, the wall effect can be enhanced, that the spheres, initially in a random packed state, can be organized through convection into a stable ordered packing consisting of a concentric array of cylindrical "shells" of spheres. In each shell the spheres are hexagonally arrayed. During such a structure transition, the packing density distribution, initially with a damped oscillatory variation along the radial direction, turns into an undamped one. The effects of interstitial air and inhomogeneity in the packing on the convection of particles, and thereby on the dynamics for the formation of "shell" structure, are analyzed. In addition, some discussions on the stability of the "shell" structure are made.
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Keywords:
- Granular materials /
- convection /
- ordered packing /
- capillary
[1] Bao D S, Zhou Y, Zhang Z S, Tang X W 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1279 (in Chinese) [鲍德松、周 英、张训生、唐孝威2005 物理学报 54 1279]
[2] Zhong J, Peng Z, Wu Y Y, Shi Q F, Lu K Q, Hou M Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 6691 (in Chinese) [钟 杰、彭 政、吴耀宇、史庆藩、陆坤权、厚美瑛2006 物理学报 55 6691]
[3] Du X N, Hu L, Kong W Z, Wang W M, Wu Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 6488 (in Chinese) [杜学能、胡 林、孔维姝、王伟明、吴 宇 2006 物理学报 55 6488]
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[35] Jiang Z H, Jing Y F, Zhao H F, Zheng R H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 5923 (in Chinese) [姜泽辉、荆亚芳、赵海发、郑瑞华 2009 物理学报 58 5923]
[36] Wildman R D, Huntley J M, Parker D J 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 3304
[37] Talbot J, Viot P 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 64301
[38] Jiang Z H, Wang Y Y, Wu J 2006 Europhys. Lett. 74 417
[39] Jiang Z H, Liu X Y, Peng Y J, Li J W 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 5692 (in Chinese) [姜泽辉、刘新影、彭雅晶、李建伟 2009 物理学报 54 5692]
[40] Brovchenko I, Oleinikova A 2008 Interfacial and Confined Water (Amsterdam: Elsevier B. V.)
[41] Scott G D 1962 Nature 194 956
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[1] Bao D S, Zhou Y, Zhang Z S, Tang X W 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1279 (in Chinese) [鲍德松、周 英、张训生、唐孝威2005 物理学报 54 1279]
[2] Zhong J, Peng Z, Wu Y Y, Shi Q F, Lu K Q, Hou M Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 6691 (in Chinese) [钟 杰、彭 政、吴耀宇、史庆藩、陆坤权、厚美瑛2006 物理学报 55 6691]
[3] Du X N, Hu L, Kong W Z, Wang W M, Wu Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 6488 (in Chinese) [杜学能、胡 林、孔维姝、王伟明、吴 宇 2006 物理学报 55 6488]
[4] Liang X W, Li L S, Hou Z G, Lu Z, Yang L, Sun G, Shi Q F 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 2300 (in Chinese) [梁宣文、李粮生、侯兆国、吕 震、杨 雷、孙 刚、史庆藩 2008 物理学报 57 2300]
[5] Sun Q C, Wang G Q 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 4667 (in Chinese) [孙其诚、王光谦2008 物理学报 57 4667]
[6] Peng Z, Li X Q, Jiang L, Fu L P, Jiang Y M 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2090 (in Chinese) [彭 政、李湘群、蒋 礼、符力平、蒋亦民2009 物理学报 58 2090]
[7] Knight J B, Jaege H M, Nagel S R 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 3728
[8] Pak H K, Van Doorn E, Behringer R P 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 4643
[9] Yan X, Shi Q, Hou M, Lu K, Chen C K Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 014302
[10] Miao G, Huang K, Yun Y, Zhang P, Chen W, Wei R 2006 Phys. Rev. E 74 021304
[11] Jiang Z H, Wang Y Y, Wu J 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 4748 (in Chinese) [姜泽辉、王运鹰、吴 晶 2006 物理学报 55 4748]
[12] Risso D, Soto R, Godoy S, Cordero P 2005 Phys. Rev. E 72 011305
[13] Ulrich S, Schroter M, Swinney H L 2007 Phys. Rev. E 76 042301
[14] Evesque P, Rajchenbach J 1989 Phys. Rev. Lett. 62 44
[15] Pouliquen O, Nicolas M, Weidwan P D 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 3640
[16] Nahmad-Molinari Y, Ruiz-Suarez J C 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 264302
[17] Carvente O, Ruiz-Suarez J C 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 018001
[18] Yu A B, An X Z, Zou R P, Yang R Y, Kendall K 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 265501
[19] Shinbrot T, Khakhar D, McCarthy J J, Ottino J M 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 829
[20] Shinbrot T, Khakhar D V, McCarthy J J, Ottino J M 1997 Phys. Rev. E 55 6121
[21] Rocke F A 1971 Powder Technol. 4 180
[22] Roblee L H S, Baird R M, Tierny J W 1958 A.I.Ch.E. Journal 4 460
[23] Benenati R F, Brosilow C B 1962 A.I.Ch.E. Journal 8 359
[24] Thadani M C, Peebles F N 1966 Ind. and Eng. Chem. Process Design and Development 5 265
[25] Goodling J S, Vachon R I, Stelpflung W S, Ying S J 1983 Powder Technol. 35 23
[26] Mueller G E 1992 Powder Technol. 72 269
[27] Sederman A J, Alexander P, Gladden L F 2001 Powder Technol. 117 255
[28] Du Toit C G 2008 Nuc. Eng. Des. 238 3073
[29] Suzuki M, Shinmura T, Iimura K 2008 Adv. Powder Technol. 19 183
[30] Bey O, Eigenberger G 1997 Chem. Eng. Sci. 52 1376
[31] Bey O, Eigenberger G 2001 Int. J. Therm. Sci. 40 152
[32] Gtz J, Zick K, Heinen C, Knig T 2002 Chem. Eng. Proc. 41 611
[33] Ziókowska I, Ziókowski D 2001 Chem. Eng. Proc. 40 221
[34] Ziókowska I, Ziókowski D 2005 Chem. Eng. Proc. 44 1167
[35] Jiang Z H, Jing Y F, Zhao H F, Zheng R H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 5923 (in Chinese) [姜泽辉、荆亚芳、赵海发、郑瑞华 2009 物理学报 58 5923]
[36] Wildman R D, Huntley J M, Parker D J 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 3304
[37] Talbot J, Viot P 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 64301
[38] Jiang Z H, Wang Y Y, Wu J 2006 Europhys. Lett. 74 417
[39] Jiang Z H, Liu X Y, Peng Y J, Li J W 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 5692 (in Chinese) [姜泽辉、刘新影、彭雅晶、李建伟 2009 物理学报 54 5692]
[40] Brovchenko I, Oleinikova A 2008 Interfacial and Confined Water (Amsterdam: Elsevier B. V.)
[41] Scott G D 1962 Nature 194 956
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