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Efficiency and current measurements of ferromagnetic Co thin layer based organic light emitting diode, which has a structure of ITO/Co/NPB/Alq3/LiF/Al, are performed as a function of magnetic field at room temperature.The efficiency first increases by up to 18.8% as magnetic field increased to about 80 mT, and then appears to be almost saturated. The changes result from the spin-polaried injection of Co and the magnetic field effects(MFEs), both of which increase the fraction of siglets among the total excitons, and the former is primary. The changing rate of current through the device is found to increase by up to 6.9% at about 60 mT, and then decrease slowly with magnetic field increasing. These observations are explained in terms of the MFEs of polaron pairs dissociation and magnetic-field dependence of triplet-charge reaction in excited states.
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Keywords:
- organic electroluminescence /
- spin-polaried injection /
- magnetic field
[1] Dediu V, Murgia M, Matacotta F C, Taliani C, Barbanera S 2002 Solid State Commun. 122 181
[2] Xiong Z H, Wu D, Vardeny Z V, Shi J 2004 Nature 427 821
[3] Ren J F, Fu J Y, Liu D S, Xie S J 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 3814 (in Chinese) [任俊峰、付吉永、 刘德胜、解士杰 2004 物理学报 53 3814]
[4] Ren J F, Zhang Y B, Xie S J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 4785(in Chinese) [任俊峰、张玉滨、解士杰 2007 物理学报 56 4785]
[5] Dediu V A, Hueso L E, Bergenti I, Taliani C 2009 Nat. Mater. 8 707
[6] Li D M, Liu X J, Li Y, Li H H, Hu G C, Gao K, Liu D S, Xie S J 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 3067
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[12] Ding B F, Zhan Y Q, Sun Z Y, Ding X M, Hou X Y, Wu Y Z, Bergenti I, Dediu V 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 3307
[13] Wang L X, Liu D S, Zhang D C, Xie S J, Han S H, Mei L M 2005 Chin. Phys. 14 186
[14] Hu B, Wu Y, Zhang Z T, Dai S, Shen J 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 2114
[15] Sun C J, Wu Y, Xu Z H, Hu B, Bai J M, Wang J P, Shen J 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 5413
[16] Wang Z, He Z H, Tan X W, Tao M L, Li G Q, Xiong Z H 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 2979(in Chinese)[王 振、 何正红、谭兴文、陶敏龙、李国庆、熊祖洪 2007 物理学报 56 2979]
[17] Kalinowski J, Cocchi M, Virgili D, Di Marco P, Fattori V 2003 Chem. Phys. Lett. 380 710
[18] Hu B, Yan L A, Shao M 2009 Adv. Mater. 21 1500
[19] Veeraraghavan G, Nguyen T D, Sheng Y, Mermer O, Wohlgenannt M 2007 J. Phys.-Condes. Matter 19 6209
[20] Hu B, Wu Y 2007 Nat. Mater. 6 985
[21] Tedrow P M, Meservey R 1973 Phys. Rev. 7 318
[22] Barnas J, Fuss A, Camley R E, Grünberg P, Zinn W 1990 Phys. Rev. B 42 8110
[23] Mermer O, Veeraraghavan G, Francis T L, Sheng Y, Nguyen D T, Wohlgenannt M, Kohler A, Al-Suti M K, Khan M S 2005 Phys. Rev. B 72 205202
[24] Prigodin V N, Bergeson J D, Lincoln D M, Epstein A J 2006 Synth. Met. 156 757
[25] Xin L, Li C, Li F, Liu S, Hu B 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 123306
[26] Kalinowski J, Szmytkowski J, Stampor W 2003 Chem. Phys. Lett. 378 380
[27] Lei Y L, Liu R, Zhang Y, Tan X W, Xiong Z H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1269 (in Chinese)[雷衍连、刘 荣、 张 勇、谭兴文、熊祖洪 2009 物理学报 58 1269]
[28] Ern V, Merrifield R E 1968 Phys. Rev. Lett. 21 609
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[1] Dediu V, Murgia M, Matacotta F C, Taliani C, Barbanera S 2002 Solid State Commun. 122 181
[2] Xiong Z H, Wu D, Vardeny Z V, Shi J 2004 Nature 427 821
[3] Ren J F, Fu J Y, Liu D S, Xie S J 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 3814 (in Chinese) [任俊峰、付吉永、 刘德胜、解士杰 2004 物理学报 53 3814]
[4] Ren J F, Zhang Y B, Xie S J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 4785(in Chinese) [任俊峰、张玉滨、解士杰 2007 物理学报 56 4785]
[5] Dediu V A, Hueso L E, Bergenti I, Taliani C 2009 Nat. Mater. 8 707
[6] Li D M, Liu X J, Li Y, Li H H, Hu G C, Gao K, Liu D S, Xie S J 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 3067
[7] Davis A H, Bussmann K 2004 J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 22 1885
[8] Davis A H, Bussmann K 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 93 7358
[9] Arisi E, Bergenti I, Dediu V, Loi M A, Muccini M, Murgia M, Ruani G, Taliani C, Zamboni R 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 93 7682
[10] Bergenti I, Dediu V, Arisi E, Mertelj T, Murgia M, Riminucci A, Ruani G, Solzi M, Taliani C 2004 Org. Electron. 5 309
[11] Wu Y, Hu B, Howe J, Li A P, Shen J 2007 Phys. Rev. B 75 075413
[12] Ding B F, Zhan Y Q, Sun Z Y, Ding X M, Hou X Y, Wu Y Z, Bergenti I, Dediu V 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 3307
[13] Wang L X, Liu D S, Zhang D C, Xie S J, Han S H, Mei L M 2005 Chin. Phys. 14 186
[14] Hu B, Wu Y, Zhang Z T, Dai S, Shen J 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 2114
[15] Sun C J, Wu Y, Xu Z H, Hu B, Bai J M, Wang J P, Shen J 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 5413
[16] Wang Z, He Z H, Tan X W, Tao M L, Li G Q, Xiong Z H 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 2979(in Chinese)[王 振、 何正红、谭兴文、陶敏龙、李国庆、熊祖洪 2007 物理学报 56 2979]
[17] Kalinowski J, Cocchi M, Virgili D, Di Marco P, Fattori V 2003 Chem. Phys. Lett. 380 710
[18] Hu B, Yan L A, Shao M 2009 Adv. Mater. 21 1500
[19] Veeraraghavan G, Nguyen T D, Sheng Y, Mermer O, Wohlgenannt M 2007 J. Phys.-Condes. Matter 19 6209
[20] Hu B, Wu Y 2007 Nat. Mater. 6 985
[21] Tedrow P M, Meservey R 1973 Phys. Rev. 7 318
[22] Barnas J, Fuss A, Camley R E, Grünberg P, Zinn W 1990 Phys. Rev. B 42 8110
[23] Mermer O, Veeraraghavan G, Francis T L, Sheng Y, Nguyen D T, Wohlgenannt M, Kohler A, Al-Suti M K, Khan M S 2005 Phys. Rev. B 72 205202
[24] Prigodin V N, Bergeson J D, Lincoln D M, Epstein A J 2006 Synth. Met. 156 757
[25] Xin L, Li C, Li F, Liu S, Hu B 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 123306
[26] Kalinowski J, Szmytkowski J, Stampor W 2003 Chem. Phys. Lett. 378 380
[27] Lei Y L, Liu R, Zhang Y, Tan X W, Xiong Z H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1269 (in Chinese)[雷衍连、刘 荣、 张 勇、谭兴文、熊祖洪 2009 物理学报 58 1269]
[28] Ern V, Merrifield R E 1968 Phys. Rev. Lett. 21 609
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