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Boltzmann found that a proportional relation exists between the entropy and the logarithm of the microstate number in an approximate non-interaction particle system. The relation was expressed as the Boltzmanns entropic equation by Planck later. Boltzmanns work gives a microphysical interpretation of entropy. In this paper, a microscopic expression of entransy is introduced for an ideal gas system of monatomic molecules. The changes of the microstate number, the entropy and the entransy of the system are analyzed and discussed for an isolated ideal gas system of monatomic molecules going through the initial stage of unequilibriun thermal state to the thermal equilibrium state. It is found that the microstate number and the entropy always increase in the process, while the entransy decreases. The microstate number is a basic physical quantity which could measure the disorder degree of the system. The irreversibility of a thermal equilibrium process is attributed to the increase in microstate number. Entropy and entransy both are single value functions of the microstate number and they both could reflect the change of the state for the system. Therefore, both entropy and entransy could describe the irreversibility of thermal processes.
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Keywords:
- microstate number /
- entropy /
- entransy /
- irreversibility
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[4] Tien C L, Lienhard J H 1987 Statistical Thermodynamics (in China) (Beijing: Tsinghua University Press) pp148—182 (in Chinese)
[5] Xie Y J, Shi Q W, Wang X P, Zhu P P, Yang H Y, Zhang X Y 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 2796 (in Chinese) [谢永军、 石勤伟、 王晓平、 朱平平、 杨海洋、 张兴元 2004 物理学报 53 2796]
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[8] Zhang C L, Hu S Q, Li H F, Zhao R 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3328 (in Chinese) [张丽春、 胡双启、 李怀繁、 赵 仁 2008 物理学报 57 3328]
[9] Zeng X X 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 92 (in Chinese) [曾晓雄 2010 物理学报 59 92]
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[11] Guo Y F, Xu W, Li D X, Wang L 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2235 (in Chinese) [郭永峰、 徐 伟、 李东喜、 王 亮 2010 物理学报 59 2235]
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[17] Zhu H Y, Chen Z J, Guo Z Y 2007 Prog. Nat. Sci. 17 1692 (in Chinese) [朱宏晔、 陈泽敬、 过增元 2007 自然科学进展 17 1692]
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[19] Chen L G, Wei S H, Sun F R 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 105 094906
[20] Xie Z H, Chen L G, Sun F R 2009 Sci. Chin. E 52 3504
[21] Wei S H, Chen L G, Sun F R 2009 Sci. Chin. E 52 2981
[22] Chen Q, Ren J X 2008 Chin. Sci. Bull. 53 3753
[23] Wu J, Cheng X G, Meng J A, Guo Z Y 2006 J. Engng. Thermophys. 27 100 (in Chinese) [吴 晶、 程新广、 孟继安、 过增元 2006 工程热物理学报 27 100]
[24] Chen Q, Wang M R, Pan N, Guo Z Y 2009 Energy 34 1199
[25] Wu J, Liang X G 2008 Sci. Chin. E 51 1306
[26] Cheng X T, Liang X G 2009 The Ninth Kyoto-Seoul National-Tsinghua University Thermal Engineering Conference Kyoto, Japan May 28—30 2009 p55
[27] Liu X B, Meng J A, Guo Z Y 2008 Prog. Nat. Sci. 18 1186
[28] Liu X B, Guo Z Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4766 (in Chinese) [柳雄斌、 过增元 2009 物理学报 58 4766]
[29] Liu X B, Meng J A, Guo Z Y 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 943
[30] Xia S J, Chen L G, Sun F R 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 3587
[31] Guo J F, Cheng L, Xu M T 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 2708
[32] Xia S J, Chen L G, Sun F R 2010 Sci. Chin. E 53 960
[33] Wang S P, Chen Q L, Zhang B J 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 3572
[34] Bejan A 1979 J. Heat Transfer 101 718
[35] Poulikakos D, Bejan A 1982 J. Heat Transfer 104 616
[36] Erek A, Dincer I 2008 Int. J. Therm. Sci. 47 1077
[37] Shah R K, Skiepko T 2004 J. Heat Transfer 126 994
[38] Bejan A 1982 Adv. Heat Transfer 15 1
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[1] Zhao K H, Luo W Y 2002 Thermotics (Beijing: Higher Education Press) pp1—222 (in Chinese)[赵凯华、 罗蔚茵 2002 热学 (北京: 高等教育出版社) 第1—222页]
[2] Feng D, Feng S T 2008 The World of Entropy (Beijing: Science Press) pp104—160 (in Chinese) [冯 端、 冯少彤 2008 溯源探微熵的世界 (北京: 科学出版社) 第104—160页]
[3] Zhu W H, Gu Y Q 1983 Basic of Statistical Physics (Beijing: Tsinghua University Press) pp153—194 (in Chinese) [朱文浩、 顾毓沁 1983 统计物理学基础 (北京: 清华大学出版社) 第153—194页]
[4] Tien C L, Lienhard J H 1987 Statistical Thermodynamics (in China) (Beijing: Tsinghua University Press) pp148—182 (in Chinese)
[5] Xie Y J, Shi Q W, Wang X P, Zhu P P, Yang H Y, Zhang X Y 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 2796 (in Chinese) [谢永军、 石勤伟、 王晓平、 朱平平、 杨海洋、 张兴元 2004 物理学报 53 2796]
[6] Huang X L, Cui S Z, Ning X B, Bian C H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 8160 (in Chinese) [黄晓林、 崔胜忠、 宁新宝、 卞春华 2009 物理学报 58 8160]
[7] Zhao R, Zhang L C, Zhang S L 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3719 (in Chinese) [赵 仁、 张丽春、 张胜利 2007 物理学报 56 3719]
[8] Zhang C L, Hu S Q, Li H F, Zhao R 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3328 (in Chinese) [张丽春、 胡双启、 李怀繁、 赵 仁 2008 物理学报 57 3328]
[9] Zeng X X 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 92 (in Chinese) [曾晓雄 2010 物理学报 59 92]
[10] Jin N D, Dong F, Zhao S 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 720 (in Chinese) [金宁德、 董 芳、 赵 舒 2007 物理学报 56 720]
[11] Guo Y F, Xu W, Li D X, Wang L 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2235 (in Chinese) [郭永峰、 徐 伟、 李东喜、 王 亮 2010 物理学报 59 2235]
[12] Wang Q G, Zhang Z P 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 1976 (in Chinese) [王启光、 张增平 2008 物理学报 57 1976]
[13] Guan H 2006 The History and Present Situation of the Atomic Theory (Beijing: Peking University Press) pp80—200 (in Chinese) [关 洪 2006 原子论的历史和现状: 对物质微观构造认识的发展 (北京: 北京大学出版社) 第80—200页]
[14] Guo Z Y, Zhu H Y, Liang X G 2007 Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 50 2545
[15] Guo Z Y, Cheng X G, Xia Z Z 2003 Chin. Sci. Bull. 48 406
[16] Cheng X G, Li Z X, Guo Z Y 2003 J. Eng. Thermophys. 24 94 (in Chinese) [程新广、 李志信、 过增元 2003 工程热物理学报 24 94]
[17] Zhu H Y, Chen Z J, Guo Z Y 2007 Prog. Nat. Sci. 17 1692 (in Chinese) [朱宏晔、 陈泽敬、 过增元 2007 自然科学进展 17 1692]
[18] Chen L G, Wei S H, Sun F R 2008 J. Phys. D 41 195506
[19] Chen L G, Wei S H, Sun F R 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 105 094906
[20] Xie Z H, Chen L G, Sun F R 2009 Sci. Chin. E 52 3504
[21] Wei S H, Chen L G, Sun F R 2009 Sci. Chin. E 52 2981
[22] Chen Q, Ren J X 2008 Chin. Sci. Bull. 53 3753
[23] Wu J, Cheng X G, Meng J A, Guo Z Y 2006 J. Engng. Thermophys. 27 100 (in Chinese) [吴 晶、 程新广、 孟继安、 过增元 2006 工程热物理学报 27 100]
[24] Chen Q, Wang M R, Pan N, Guo Z Y 2009 Energy 34 1199
[25] Wu J, Liang X G 2008 Sci. Chin. E 51 1306
[26] Cheng X T, Liang X G 2009 The Ninth Kyoto-Seoul National-Tsinghua University Thermal Engineering Conference Kyoto, Japan May 28—30 2009 p55
[27] Liu X B, Meng J A, Guo Z Y 2008 Prog. Nat. Sci. 18 1186
[28] Liu X B, Guo Z Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4766 (in Chinese) [柳雄斌、 过增元 2009 物理学报 58 4766]
[29] Liu X B, Meng J A, Guo Z Y 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 943
[30] Xia S J, Chen L G, Sun F R 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 3587
[31] Guo J F, Cheng L, Xu M T 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 2708
[32] Xia S J, Chen L G, Sun F R 2010 Sci. Chin. E 53 960
[33] Wang S P, Chen Q L, Zhang B J 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 3572
[34] Bejan A 1979 J. Heat Transfer 101 718
[35] Poulikakos D, Bejan A 1982 J. Heat Transfer 104 616
[36] Erek A, Dincer I 2008 Int. J. Therm. Sci. 47 1077
[37] Shah R K, Skiepko T 2004 J. Heat Transfer 126 994
[38] Bejan A 1982 Adv. Heat Transfer 15 1
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