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We present a kind of diffractive lens Zernike apodized photon sieves (ZAPS) whose structure is based on the combination of two concepts: apodized photon sieves and Zernike phase-contrast. Combined with the synchrotron light source, the ZAPS can be used as an objective for high-resolution phase-contrast X-ray microscopy in physical and life sciences. The ZAPS is a single optic unit that integrates the appropriate /2 radians phase shift through selective zone placement shifts in an apodized photon sieve. The focusing properties of the ZAPS can be easily controlled by apodizing its pupil function. An apodized photon sieve with Gaussian pupil is fabricated by lithographic technique and shows that the side-lobes are significantly suppressed at the expense of slightly widening the width of the main lobe.
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Keywords:
- X-ray microscopy /
- phase-contrast imaging /
- pupil apodization /
- photon sieves
[1] Davis T J, Gao D, Gureyev T E, Stevenson A W, Wilkins S W 1995 Nature 373 595
[2] [3] Di Fabrizio E, Cojoc D, Cabrini S, Kaulich B, Susini J, Facci P, Wilhein T 2003 Opt. Express 11 2278
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[8] [9] Chen J W, Gao H Y, Li R X, Gan H J, Zhu H F, Xie H L, Xu Z Z 2005 Prog. Phys. 25 175 (in Chinese) [陈建文、 高鸿奕、 李儒新、 干慧菁、 朱化凤、 谢红兰、 徐至展 2005 物理学进展 25 175]
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[12] Shu H, Zhu P P, Wang J Y, Gao X, Yin H X, Liu B, Yuan Q X, Huang W X, Luo S Q, Gao X L, Wu Z Y, Fang S X 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 1099 (in Chinese) [舒 航、 朱佩平、 王 寯越、 高 欣、 伊红霞、 刘 波、 袁清习、 黄万霞、 罗述谦、 高秀来、 吴自玉、 方守贤 2006 物理学报 55 1099]
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[18] Wang Y, Chen J B, Zhang X L, Huang Y 2008 Laser Optoelectron. Prog. 45 41 (in Chinese) [王 燕、 陈家璧、 张学龙、 黄 勇 2008 激光与光电子学进展 45 41]
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[36] [37] Liu W P, Du G, Huang J K, Zhong Y L, Yi Q M, Liao C J, Liu S H 2001 Laser Infrar. 31 180 (in Chinese) [刘伟平、 杜戈、 黄君凯、 钟雨乐、 易清明、 廖常俊、 刘颂豪 2001 激光与红外 31 180]
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[46] Gao Z, Luo X G, Ma J X, Fu Y Q, Du C L 2008 Opt. Laser Tech. 40 614
[47] [48] Xie C Q, Zhu X L, Jia J 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 3038
[49] [50] [51] Jia J, Xie C Q 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 183
[52] [53] Liu Y J, Dai H T, Sun X W, Huang T J 2009 Opt. Express 17 12418
[54] [55] Cheng G X, Hu C, Xu P, Xing T W 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3610
[56] Andersen G 2010 Appl. Opt. 49 6391
[57] [58] Zhang J Y, Cao Q, Lu X Q, Lin Z Q 2010 Chin. Opt. Lett. 8 256
[59] [60] Zhang J Y, Cao Q, Lu X Q, Lin Z Q 2010 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 27 1342
[61] [62] [63] Xu Q F 2010 Optik 121 1941
[64] Chen Z F, Wang C H, Pu D L, Hu J, Chen L S 2010 Opt. Express 18 16279
[65] [66] [67] Cheng G X, Xing T W, Liao Z J, Yang Y, Ma J L 2008 Proc. SPIE 6832 83229
[68] Fischer P, Kim D H, Chao W L, Liddle J A, Anderson E H, Attwood D T 2006 Mater. Today 9 26
[69] [70] [71] Cheng G X, Hu C, Meng M Q H 2011 Optics in the Life Sciences: OSA Optics and Photonics Congress (Washington: Optical Society of American) NTuB7
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[1] Davis T J, Gao D, Gureyev T E, Stevenson A W, Wilkins S W 1995 Nature 373 595
[2] [3] Di Fabrizio E, Cojoc D, Cabrini S, Kaulich B, Susini J, Facci P, Wilhein T 2003 Opt. Express 11 2278
[4] [5] Chen M, Xiao T Q, Luo Y Y, Liu L X, Wei X, Du G H, Xu H J 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 2953 (in Chinese) [陈 敏、 肖体乔、 骆玉宇、 刘丽想、 魏 逊、 杜国浩、 徐洪杰 2004 物理学报 53 2953]
[6] [7] Chao W L, Harteneck B D, Liddle J A, Anderson E H, Attwood D T 2005 Nature 435 1210
[8] [9] Chen J W, Gao H Y, Li R X, Gan H J, Zhu H F, Xie H L, Xu Z Z 2005 Prog. Phys. 25 175 (in Chinese) [陈建文、 高鸿奕、 李儒新、 干慧菁、 朱化凤、 谢红兰、 徐至展 2005 物理学进展 25 175]
[10] [11] Chang C, Sakdinawat A, Fischer P, Anderson E, Attwood D 2006 Opt. Lett. 31 1564
[12] Shu H, Zhu P P, Wang J Y, Gao X, Yin H X, Liu B, Yuan Q X, Huang W X, Luo S Q, Gao X L, Wu Z Y, Fang S X 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 1099 (in Chinese) [舒 航、 朱佩平、 王 寯越、 高 欣、 伊红霞、 刘 波、 袁清习、 黄万霞、 罗述谦、 高秀来、 吴自玉、 方守贤 2006 物理学报 55 1099]
[13] [14] [15] Sakdinawat A, Liu Y W 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 2635
[16] [17] Sakdinawat A, Liu Y W 2008 Opt. Express 16 1559
[18] Wang Y, Chen J B, Zhang X L, Huang Y 2008 Laser Optoelectron. Prog. 45 41 (in Chinese) [王 燕、 陈家璧、 张学龙、 黄 勇 2008 激光与光电子学进展 45 41]
[19] [20] [21] Wang K G, Wang L, Niu H B 2008 J. Appl. Opt. 29 183 (in Chinese) [王凯歌、 王 雷、 牛憨笨 2008 应用光学 29 183]
[22] Kipp L, Skibowski M, Johnson R L, Berndt R, Adelung R, Harm S, Seemann R 2001 Nature 414 184
[23] [24] Cheng G X, Xing T W, Lin W M, Zhou J M, Qiu C K, Liao Z J, Ma J L 2006 Chin. J. Sens. Actuat. 19 2344 (in Chinese) [程冠晓、 邢廷文、 林妩媚、 周金梅、 邱传凯、 廖志杰、 马建玲 2006 传感技术学报 19 2344]
[25] [26] Mills J P, Thompson B J 1986 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 3 694
[27] [28] [29] Mills J P, Thompson B J 1986 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 3 704
[30] [31] Allred D B, Mills J P 1989 Appl. Opt. 28 673
[32] [33] Wang H F, Gan F X 2001 Appl. Opt. 40 5658
[34] [35] Li L Y, Li C C, Li Y Z, Dai Y P, Xie H, Zhu J Q 2001 Chin. J. Lasers 28 447 (in Chinese)[李良钰、 李常春、 李银柱、 戴亚平、 谢 虎、 朱健强 2001 中国激光 28 447]
[36] [37] Liu W P, Du G, Huang J K, Zhong Y L, Yi Q M, Liao C J, Liu S H 2001 Laser Infrar. 31 180 (in Chinese) [刘伟平、 杜戈、 黄君凯、 钟雨乐、 易清明、 廖常俊、 刘颂豪 2001 激光与红外 31 180]
[38] [39] Andersen G 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 2976
[40] [41] Menon R, Gil D, Barbastathis G, Smith H 2005 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 22 342
[42] [43] Cao Q, Jahns J 2006 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 23 179
[44] [45] Gimnez F, Monsoriu J A, Furlan W D, Pons A 2006 Opt. Express 14 11958
[46] Gao Z, Luo X G, Ma J X, Fu Y Q, Du C L 2008 Opt. Laser Tech. 40 614
[47] [48] Xie C Q, Zhu X L, Jia J 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 3038
[49] [50] [51] Jia J, Xie C Q 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 183
[52] [53] Liu Y J, Dai H T, Sun X W, Huang T J 2009 Opt. Express 17 12418
[54] [55] Cheng G X, Hu C, Xu P, Xing T W 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3610
[56] Andersen G 2010 Appl. Opt. 49 6391
[57] [58] Zhang J Y, Cao Q, Lu X Q, Lin Z Q 2010 Chin. Opt. Lett. 8 256
[59] [60] Zhang J Y, Cao Q, Lu X Q, Lin Z Q 2010 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 27 1342
[61] [62] [63] Xu Q F 2010 Optik 121 1941
[64] Chen Z F, Wang C H, Pu D L, Hu J, Chen L S 2010 Opt. Express 18 16279
[65] [66] [67] Cheng G X, Xing T W, Liao Z J, Yang Y, Ma J L 2008 Proc. SPIE 6832 83229
[68] Fischer P, Kim D H, Chao W L, Liddle J A, Anderson E H, Attwood D T 2006 Mater. Today 9 26
[69] [70] [71] Cheng G X, Hu C, Meng M Q H 2011 Optics in the Life Sciences: OSA Optics and Photonics Congress (Washington: Optical Society of American) NTuB7
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