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Superparamagnetic nanoparticles formed in Fe-implanted ZnO

Pan Feng Ding Bin-Feng Fa Tao Cheng Feng-Feng Zhou Sheng-Qiang Yao Shu-De

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Superparamagnetic nanoparticles formed in Fe-implanted ZnO

Pan Feng, Ding Bin-Feng, Fa Tao, Cheng Feng-Feng, Zhou Sheng-Qiang, Yao Shu-De
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  • Due to its potential application to diluted magnetic oxides, transition metal doped ZnO has been under intensive investigation. We present a correlation between the structural and the magnetic properties of Fe implanted ZnO bulk crystals. Crystalline damage recovery, structural and magnetic properties are studied by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and channelling (RBS/C), synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD), and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer (SQUID), respectively. The 623 K Fe ion implantation and the high vacuum annealing at 823 K lead to the formation of secondary phase -Fe and -Fe nanoparticles. The discrepancy between the zero-field cooling and the field cooling curves further indicates that Fe-implanted ZnO is superparamagnetic and the observed ferromagnetism originates from the Fe nanoparticles.
    [1]

    Dietl T, Ohno H, Matsukura F, Cibert J, Ferrand D 2000 Science 287 1019

    [2]

    Liu S H, Hsu H S, Venkataiah G, Qi X, Lin C R, Lee J F, Liang K S, Huang J C A 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 262504

    [3]
    [4]

    Lu Z L, Zou W Q, Xu M X, Zhang F M 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 056101

    [5]
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    Cheng X W, Li X, Gao Y L, Yu Z, Long X, Liu Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2018 (in Chinese) [程兴旺、 李 祥、 高院玲、 于 宙、 龙 雪、 刘 颖 2009 物理学报 58 2018 ]

    [8]
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    Wang D, Chen Z Q, Zhou F, Lu W, Maekawa M, Kawasuso A 2009 Applied Surface Science 255 9371

    [10]

    Li M, Zou C W, Wang G F, Wang H J, Yin M L, Liu C S, Guo L P, Fu D J, Kang T W 2010 J. Appl. Phys. 107 104117

    [11]
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    Liu X J, Zhu X Y, Song C, Zeng F, Pan F 2009 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42 035004

    [14]

    Yin S, Xu M X, Yang L, Liu J F, Rosner H, Hahn H, Gleiter H, Schild D, Doyle S, Liu T, Hu T D, Takayama-Muromachi E, Jiang J Z 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 224408

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    Sati P, Deparis C, Morhain C, Schafer S, Stepanov A 2007 Phys. Rev.Lett. 98 137204

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    Fukumura M, Jin Z W, Kawasaki M, Shono T, Hasegawa T, Koshihara S, Koinuma H, 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 958

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    Jin Z W, Fukumura T, Kawasaki M, Ando K, Saito H, Sekiguchi T, Yoo Y Z, Murakami M, Matsumoto Y, Hasegawa T, Koinuma H 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 3824

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    Liu X C, Shi E W, Song L X, Zhang H W, Chen Z Z 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 2557 (in Chinese) [刘学超、 施尔畏、 宋力昕、 张华伟、 陈之战 2006 物理学报 55 2557]

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    Xu Q Y, Zheng X H, Gong Y P 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 077501

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    Zhou S Q, Potzger K, Xu Q Y, Talut G, Lorenz M, Skorupa W, Helm M, Fassbender J, Grundmann M, Schmidt H 2009 Vacuum 83 S13

    [28]
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    Wang Y Q, Su L, Liu L, Tian Z M, Chang T Q, Wang Z, Yin S Y, Yuan S L 2010 Phys. Status Solidi A 207 2553

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    Zhou S, Potzger K, Zhang G F, Eichhorn F, Skorupa W, Helm M, Fassbender J 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 100 114304

    [31]
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    Yan G Q, Xie K X, Mo Z R, Lu Z L, Zou W Q, Wang S,Yue F J, Wu D, Zhang F M, Du Y W 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1237 (in Chinese) [严国清、 谢凯旋、 莫仲荣、 路忠林、 邹文琴、 王 申、 岳凤娟、 吴 镝、 张凤鸣、 都有为 2009 物理学报 58 1237]

    [34]
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    Peng X D,Zhu T, Wang F W 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3274 (in Chinese) [彭先德、 朱 涛、 王芳卫 2009 物理学报 58 3274]

    [36]
    [37]

    Li T J, Li G P, Gao X X, Chen J S 2010 Chin. Phys. Lett. 27 087501

    [38]
    [39]

    Wang Y, Zou J, Li Y J, Zhang B, Lu W 2009 Acta Materialia 57 2291

    [40]

    Wang D, Chen Z Q, Zhou F, Lu W, Maekawa M, Kawasuso A 2009 Applied Surface Science 255 9371

    [41]
    [42]

    Ziegler J, Biersack J, Littmark U 1985 The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (New York: Pergamon)

    [43]
    [44]

    Cullity B D 1978 Elements of X-ray Diffractions (MA: Addison-Wesley Reading) p102

    [45]
    [46]
    [47]

    Potzger K, Zhou S Q, Reuther H, Mcklich A, Eichhorn F, Schell N, Skorupa W, Helm M, Fassbender J, Herrmannsdrfer T, Papageorgiou T P 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 052508

    [48]

    Abdul Majid, Rehana Sharif, Husnain G, Akbar Ali 2009 J. Phys D: Appl. Phys. 42 135401

    [49]
    [50]
    [51]

    Geurts J, Schumm M, Koerdel M, Ziereis C, Mller S, Ronning C, Dynowska E, Goacki Z, Szuszkiewicz W 2010 Physica Status Solidi B 247 1469

    [52]
    [53]

    Respaud M, Broto J M, Rakoto H, Fert A R, Thomas L, Barbara B, Verelst M, Snoeck E, Lecante P 1998 Phys. Rev. B 57 2925

    [54]
    [55]

    Shinde S R, Ogale S B, Higgins J S, Zheng H, Millis A J, Kulkarni V N, Ramesh R, Greene R L, Venkatesan T 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 166601

    [56]
    [57]

    Sun Y, Salamon M B, Garnier K, Averback R S 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 167206

  • [1]

    Dietl T, Ohno H, Matsukura F, Cibert J, Ferrand D 2000 Science 287 1019

    [2]

    Liu S H, Hsu H S, Venkataiah G, Qi X, Lin C R, Lee J F, Liang K S, Huang J C A 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 262504

    [3]
    [4]

    Lu Z L, Zou W Q, Xu M X, Zhang F M 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 056101

    [5]
    [6]
    [7]

    Cheng X W, Li X, Gao Y L, Yu Z, Long X, Liu Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2018 (in Chinese) [程兴旺、 李 祥、 高院玲、 于 宙、 龙 雪、 刘 颖 2009 物理学报 58 2018 ]

    [8]
    [9]

    Wang D, Chen Z Q, Zhou F, Lu W, Maekawa M, Kawasuso A 2009 Applied Surface Science 255 9371

    [10]

    Li M, Zou C W, Wang G F, Wang H J, Yin M L, Liu C S, Guo L P, Fu D J, Kang T W 2010 J. Appl. Phys. 107 104117

    [11]
    [12]
    [13]

    Liu X J, Zhu X Y, Song C, Zeng F, Pan F 2009 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42 035004

    [14]

    Yin S, Xu M X, Yang L, Liu J F, Rosner H, Hahn H, Gleiter H, Schild D, Doyle S, Liu T, Hu T D, Takayama-Muromachi E, Jiang J Z 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 224408

    [15]
    [16]
    [17]

    Sati P, Deparis C, Morhain C, Schafer S, Stepanov A 2007 Phys. Rev.Lett. 98 137204

    [18]

    Fukumura M, Jin Z W, Kawasaki M, Shono T, Hasegawa T, Koshihara S, Koinuma H, 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 958

    [19]
    [20]
    [21]

    Jin Z W, Fukumura T, Kawasaki M, Ando K, Saito H, Sekiguchi T, Yoo Y Z, Murakami M, Matsumoto Y, Hasegawa T, Koinuma H 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 3824

    [22]
    [23]

    Liu X C, Shi E W, Song L X, Zhang H W, Chen Z Z 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 2557 (in Chinese) [刘学超、 施尔畏、 宋力昕、 张华伟、 陈之战 2006 物理学报 55 2557]

    [24]

    Xu Q Y, Zheng X H, Gong Y P 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 077501

    [25]
    [26]
    [27]

    Zhou S Q, Potzger K, Xu Q Y, Talut G, Lorenz M, Skorupa W, Helm M, Fassbender J, Grundmann M, Schmidt H 2009 Vacuum 83 S13

    [28]
    [29]

    Wang Y Q, Su L, Liu L, Tian Z M, Chang T Q, Wang Z, Yin S Y, Yuan S L 2010 Phys. Status Solidi A 207 2553

    [30]

    Zhou S, Potzger K, Zhang G F, Eichhorn F, Skorupa W, Helm M, Fassbender J 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 100 114304

    [31]
    [32]
    [33]

    Yan G Q, Xie K X, Mo Z R, Lu Z L, Zou W Q, Wang S,Yue F J, Wu D, Zhang F M, Du Y W 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1237 (in Chinese) [严国清、 谢凯旋、 莫仲荣、 路忠林、 邹文琴、 王 申、 岳凤娟、 吴 镝、 张凤鸣、 都有为 2009 物理学报 58 1237]

    [34]
    [35]

    Peng X D,Zhu T, Wang F W 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3274 (in Chinese) [彭先德、 朱 涛、 王芳卫 2009 物理学报 58 3274]

    [36]
    [37]

    Li T J, Li G P, Gao X X, Chen J S 2010 Chin. Phys. Lett. 27 087501

    [38]
    [39]

    Wang Y, Zou J, Li Y J, Zhang B, Lu W 2009 Acta Materialia 57 2291

    [40]

    Wang D, Chen Z Q, Zhou F, Lu W, Maekawa M, Kawasuso A 2009 Applied Surface Science 255 9371

    [41]
    [42]

    Ziegler J, Biersack J, Littmark U 1985 The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (New York: Pergamon)

    [43]
    [44]

    Cullity B D 1978 Elements of X-ray Diffractions (MA: Addison-Wesley Reading) p102

    [45]
    [46]
    [47]

    Potzger K, Zhou S Q, Reuther H, Mcklich A, Eichhorn F, Schell N, Skorupa W, Helm M, Fassbender J, Herrmannsdrfer T, Papageorgiou T P 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 052508

    [48]

    Abdul Majid, Rehana Sharif, Husnain G, Akbar Ali 2009 J. Phys D: Appl. Phys. 42 135401

    [49]
    [50]
    [51]

    Geurts J, Schumm M, Koerdel M, Ziereis C, Mller S, Ronning C, Dynowska E, Goacki Z, Szuszkiewicz W 2010 Physica Status Solidi B 247 1469

    [52]
    [53]

    Respaud M, Broto J M, Rakoto H, Fert A R, Thomas L, Barbara B, Verelst M, Snoeck E, Lecante P 1998 Phys. Rev. B 57 2925

    [54]
    [55]

    Shinde S R, Ogale S B, Higgins J S, Zheng H, Millis A J, Kulkarni V N, Ramesh R, Greene R L, Venkatesan T 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 166601

    [56]
    [57]

    Sun Y, Salamon M B, Garnier K, Averback R S 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 167206

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Publishing process
  • Received Date:  21 March 2011
  • Accepted Date:  03 May 2011
  • Published Online:  05 May 2011

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