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According to the classic theory of electromagnetic (EM) fields, we develop a propellantless microwave thruster system that can convert microwave power directly into thrust without the need of propellant. It is expected to be useful for spacecraft. Different from conventional space plasma propulsion, the system can obviate a large propellant storage tank and the issues related to plasma plume interference with the spacecraft surface. Different from huge solar sails and microwave-propelled sails, the system uses a cylindrical tapered resonance cavity as a thruster and uses an integrated microwave source to generate continuous EM wave so that the EM wave is radiated into and then reflected from the thruster to form a pure standing wave with amplified wave amplitude. The pure standing wave produces a non-uniform EM pressure distribution on the inner surface of the thruster. Consequently, a non-zero net EM thrust exerting on the symmetric axis and directing to the minor end plate of the thruster appears. In experiments a magnetron is used as a microwave source with an output microwave power of 2.45 GHz frequency. The generated net EM thrust is measured using a force-feedback test stand. The developed thruster system is experimentally demonstrated to produce thrust from 70 to 720 mN when the microwave output power is from 80 to 2500 W.
[1] Normile D 2010 Science 328 565
[2] Kuninaka H, Nishiyama K, Funaki I, Yamada T, Shimizu Y, Kawaguchi J 2007 Propuls. Power 23 544
[3] Kuninaka H, Nishiyama K, Funaki I, Shimizu Y, Yamada T, Kawaguchi J 2006 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 34 2125
[4] Funaki I, Kuninaka H, Toki K 2004 J. Propuls. Power 20 718
[5] Kerr R A 1999 Science 285 993
[6] Anita S 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 105 093303
[7] Smirnov A, Raitses Y, Fisch N J 2007 Phys. Plasma 14 057106
[8] Yang J, Han X W, He H Q, Mao G W 2004 J. Spacecraft Rockets 41 126
[9] Yang J, Xu Y Q, Meng Z Q, Yang T L 2008 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79 083503
[10] Yang J, Xu Y Q, Tang J L, Mao G W, Yang T L, Tan X Q 2008 Phys. Plasma 15 023503
[11] Johnson L, Young R M, Montgomery E E IV 2007 AIP Conf. Proc. 886 207
[12] Normile D 2010 Science 328 677
[13] Abdallah C T, Chahine E, Geogriev D, Schamiloglu E 2003 AIP Conf. Proc. 664 348
[14] Wang Y P 2007 Engineering Electrodynamics (Xi'an: Xidian University Press) p32 (in Chinese) [王一平 2007 工程电动力学(西安: 西电出版社) 第32页]
[15] Yang J, Yang L, Li P F 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 124101 (in Chinese) [杨涓, 杨乐, 李鹏飞 2011 物理学报 60 124101]
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[1] Normile D 2010 Science 328 565
[2] Kuninaka H, Nishiyama K, Funaki I, Yamada T, Shimizu Y, Kawaguchi J 2007 Propuls. Power 23 544
[3] Kuninaka H, Nishiyama K, Funaki I, Shimizu Y, Yamada T, Kawaguchi J 2006 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 34 2125
[4] Funaki I, Kuninaka H, Toki K 2004 J. Propuls. Power 20 718
[5] Kerr R A 1999 Science 285 993
[6] Anita S 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 105 093303
[7] Smirnov A, Raitses Y, Fisch N J 2007 Phys. Plasma 14 057106
[8] Yang J, Han X W, He H Q, Mao G W 2004 J. Spacecraft Rockets 41 126
[9] Yang J, Xu Y Q, Meng Z Q, Yang T L 2008 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79 083503
[10] Yang J, Xu Y Q, Tang J L, Mao G W, Yang T L, Tan X Q 2008 Phys. Plasma 15 023503
[11] Johnson L, Young R M, Montgomery E E IV 2007 AIP Conf. Proc. 886 207
[12] Normile D 2010 Science 328 677
[13] Abdallah C T, Chahine E, Geogriev D, Schamiloglu E 2003 AIP Conf. Proc. 664 348
[14] Wang Y P 2007 Engineering Electrodynamics (Xi'an: Xidian University Press) p32 (in Chinese) [王一平 2007 工程电动力学(西安: 西电出版社) 第32页]
[15] Yang J, Yang L, Li P F 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 124101 (in Chinese) [杨涓, 杨乐, 李鹏飞 2011 物理学报 60 124101]
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