Analysis of convection heat transfer mechanism in nanofluids

Xiao Bo-Qi; Fan Jin-Tu; Jiang Guo-Ping; Chen Ling-Xia

doi:10.7498/aps.61.154401

Abstract

Energy shortage and environment pollution are the major and large problems presently encountered by human all over the world. It is an effective way to save energy and reduce emission of polluted gas by using the nanofluids technology. There has been not a widely recognized theory which can explain flow and heat transfer of nanofluids until now. So the mechanism of flow and heat transfer of nanofluids is not clear. Considering the Brownian motion of nanoparticles in nanofluids, a mechanism model for heat transfer by heat convection is proposed based on the fractal distribution of nanoparticle. No additional/new empirical constant is introduced. The proposed fractal model for heat flux of nanofluids is found to be a function of temperature, average nanoparticle size, concentration, fractal dimension of nanoparticles, fractal dimension of active cavities on boiling surfaces and basic fluid property in pool boiling. The model predictions are compared with the existing experimental data, and fair agreement between the model predictions and experimental data is found for the cases of different nanoparticle concentrations and different average nanoparticle diameters. The analytical model can reveal the physical principles for convection heat transfer in nanofluids.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Department of Physics and Electromechanical Engineering, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China;
2.
Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 99907, China;
3.
Earthquake Engineering Research Test Center, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510405, China
Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11102100), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China (Grant No. 2012J01017), and the Scientific Research Special Foundation for Provincial University of Education Department of Fujian Province of China (Grant No. JK2011056).

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[30]	Cai J C, Yu B M 2010 Fractals 18 417
[31]	Cai J C, Yu B M, Zou M Q, Mei M F 2010 Chem. Eng. Sci. 65 5178
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Cited By

[1]	Choi U S in Siginer D A, Wang H P eds. Developments and Applications of non-Newtonian glows ASME FED-231 (New York: [s.n.]) p99
[2]	Xuan Y M, Li Q 2000 Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 21 58
[3]	Xie H Q, Xi T G, Wang J C 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 1444 (in Chinese) [谢华清, 奚同庚, 王锦昌 2003 物理学报 52 1444]
[4]	Das S K, Putra N, Roetzel W 2003 Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 46 851
[5]	Jang S P, Choi S U S 2004 Appl. Phys. Letts. 84 4316
[6]	Milanova D, Kumar R 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 233107
[7]	Prasher R, Bhattacharya P, Phelan P E 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 025901
[8]	Hong K S, Hong Tae-Keun, Yang Ho-Soon 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 031901
[9]	Liu Z H, Liao L 2008 Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 51 2593
[10]	Trisaksri V, Wongwises S 2009 Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 52 1582
[11]	Xie H Q, Chen L F 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2513 (in Chinese) [谢华清, 陈立飞 2009 物理学报 58 2513]
[12]	Zhao S, Yin J B, Zhao X P 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 3302 (in Chinese) [赵晟, 尹剑波, 赵晓鹏 2010 物理学报 59 3302]
[13]	Duangthongsuk W, Wongwises S 2010 Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 53 334
[14]	Avramenko A A, Blinov D G, Shevchuk V 2011 Phys. Fluids 23 082002
[15]	Wang Y, Keblinski P 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 073112
[16]	Xiao B Q, Yu B M 2007 Int. J. Thermal Sci. 46 426
[17]	Xiao B Q, Yu B M 2007 Int. J. Multiphase Flow. 33 1126
[18]	Xiao B Q, Wang Z C, Jiang G P, Chen L X, Wei M J, Rao L Z 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2513 (in Chinese) [肖波齐, 王宗篪, 蒋国平, 陈玲霞, 魏茂金, 饶连周 2009 物理学报 58 2523]
[19]	Wang B X, Zhou L P, Peng X F 2003 Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 46 2665
[20]	Yu B M, Cheng P 2002 Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 45 2983
[21]	Feng Y J, Yu B M, Zou M Q, Zhang D M 2004 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 37 3425
[22]	Maxwell J C 1954 A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism (Cambridge: Oxford University Press) p435
[23]	Mikic B B, Rohsenow W M 1969 J. Heat Transfer 91 245
[24]	Judd R L, Hwang K S 1976 Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 98 623
[25]	Han C Y, Griffith P 1965 Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 8 887
[26]	Yu B M, Cheng P 2002 AIAA J. Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 16 22
[27]	Yu B M, Cheng P 2002 J. Heat Transfer 124 1117
[28]	Bang I C, Chang S H 2005 Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 48 2407
[29]	Cai J C, Yu B M, Zou M Q, Luo L 2010 Energy Fuels 24 1860
[30]	Cai J C, Yu B M 2010 Fractals 18 417
[31]	Cai J C, Yu B M, Zou M Q, Mei M F 2010 Chem. Eng. Sci. 65 5178
[32]	Cai J C, Yu B M 2011 Transp. Porous Media 89 251
[33]	Jiang G P, Tao W J, Huan S, Xiao B Q 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 070503 (in Chinese) [蒋国平, 陶文俊, 浣石, 肖波齐 2012 物理学报 61 070503]

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Vol. 61, Issue 15 - 2012-08-05

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