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Multiferroic Bi0.95Gd0.05Fe1-xCoxO3 (x= 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) ceramics were prepared by rapid liquid phase sintering method. We studied effect of Gd and Co doping on the structure, electrical and ferromagnetism properties of BiFeO3 ceramics. The structure and morphology of BiFeO3 ceramics are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that all the peaks for Bi0.95Gd0.05Fe1-xCoxO3 (x= 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) samples can be indexed according to the crystal structure of pure BiFeO3. And X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a phase transition in Gd-Co codoped BiFeO3 ceramics when x is larger than 0.1.The current densities of all samples measured at room temperature are approximately three orders of magnitude lower than that of BFO ceramic, and the leakage current of the ceramics at room temperature exhibits two distinctive conduction behaviors: Ohmic conduction and space charge limited (SCL) conduction mechanism.For all the samples studied here, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss decrease with the increase of frequency in a range from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. The dielectric constants of Bi0.95Gd0.05Fe1-xCoxO3 (x= 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15,0.2) samples are nearly 1.9, 2.68, 3.85, 5.3, and 6 times larger than that of pure BiFeO3 (εr= 61.2) ceramic at 1 kHz, respectively. And the dielectric losses of Bi0.95Gd0.05Fe1-xCoxO3 samples become smaller than that of BFO ceramic.The magnetic measurements show that all the samples possess strong ferromagnetism at room temperature expect BiFeO3 and Bi0.95Gd0.05FeO3 which are weakly ferromagnetic. Under an external magnetic field of 30 kOe, the values of Mr of Bi0.95Gd0.05Fe1-xCoxO3 are 34, 60, 105, 103 and 180 times that of BiFeO3, respectively.
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Keywords:
- multiferroic /
- magnetic hysteresis loops /
- leakage current
[1] Nelson C T, Gao P, Jokisaari J R, Adamo C, Folkman C M, Eom C B, Schlom D G, Pan X Q 2011 Science 334 968
[2] Kuibo Y, Mi L, Liu Y W, He C L, Zhu G F, Chen B, Lu W, Pan X Q, Li W R 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 0421012010
[3] Choi T, Lee S, Choi Y J, Kiryukhin V, Cheong S W 2009 Science 342(3) 63
[4] Yang S Y, Martin L W, Byrnes S J, Conry T E, Basu S R, Paran D, Reichertz L, Ihlefeld J, Adamo C, Melville A, Chu Y H, Schlom D G, Ager J W, Ramesh R 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 062909
[5] Yang H, Wang Y Q, Wang, Jia Q X 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 012909
[6] Gary W P, Lane W M, Ying H C 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 072902
[7] Freer R, Thrall M, Cernik R, Tuna F, Collison D 2010 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 30 727
[8] Kawae T, Tsuda H, Morimoto A 2008 Appl. Phys. Express 1 051601
[9] Wen Z, Shen X, Wu J X, Wu D Li A D, Yang B, Wang Z, Chen H Z, Wang J L 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 202904
[10] Poonam U, Yadav K L 2008 Mat. Lett. 62 2858
[11] Sen K, Thakur Sange, Singh K, Gautam A, Singh M 2011 Mat. Lett. 65 1963
[12] Lee S U, Kim S S, Park M H, Kim J W, Jo H K, Kim W J 2007 Appl. Surf. Sci. 5(254) 1493
[13] Won S K, Youn K J, Kee H K, Hong S H 2009 J. Mag. Mag. Mat. 321 3262
[14] Yang K G, Zhang Y L, Yang S H, Wang B 2010 J. Appl. Phys. 107 124109
[15] Zheng X H, Xu Q G, Wen Z, Lang X Z, Wu D, Qiu T, Xu M X 2010 J. Allo. Comp. 499 108
[16] Puli V S, Kumar A, Panwar N, Panwar C, Katiyar R S 2011 J. Allo. Comp. 509 8223
[17] Wang Y P, Zhou L, Zhang M F, Chen X Y, Liu J M, Liu Z G 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 1731
[18] Kim W S, Jun Y K, Kim K H, Hong S H 2009 J. Mag. Mag. Mat. 321 3262
[19] Kawae T, Terauchi Y, Tsuda H, Kumeda M, Morimoto A 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 112904
[20] Chang F G, Song G L, Fang K, Wang Z K 2007 Acta. Phys. Sin. 56 6068 (in Chinese) [常方高, 宋桂林, 房坤, 王照奎 2007 物理学报 56 6068]
[21] Chin F C, Jen P L, Jenn M W 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 242909
[22] Jun Y K, Hong S H 2007 Solid State Commun. 144 329
[23] Du Y, Cheng Z X, Dou S X, Wang X L 2010 Thin Solid Films 518(24) 5
[24] Huang J Z, Wang Y, Lin Y H, Li M, Nan C W 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 106 063911
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[1] Nelson C T, Gao P, Jokisaari J R, Adamo C, Folkman C M, Eom C B, Schlom D G, Pan X Q 2011 Science 334 968
[2] Kuibo Y, Mi L, Liu Y W, He C L, Zhu G F, Chen B, Lu W, Pan X Q, Li W R 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 0421012010
[3] Choi T, Lee S, Choi Y J, Kiryukhin V, Cheong S W 2009 Science 342(3) 63
[4] Yang S Y, Martin L W, Byrnes S J, Conry T E, Basu S R, Paran D, Reichertz L, Ihlefeld J, Adamo C, Melville A, Chu Y H, Schlom D G, Ager J W, Ramesh R 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 062909
[5] Yang H, Wang Y Q, Wang, Jia Q X 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 012909
[6] Gary W P, Lane W M, Ying H C 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 072902
[7] Freer R, Thrall M, Cernik R, Tuna F, Collison D 2010 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 30 727
[8] Kawae T, Tsuda H, Morimoto A 2008 Appl. Phys. Express 1 051601
[9] Wen Z, Shen X, Wu J X, Wu D Li A D, Yang B, Wang Z, Chen H Z, Wang J L 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 202904
[10] Poonam U, Yadav K L 2008 Mat. Lett. 62 2858
[11] Sen K, Thakur Sange, Singh K, Gautam A, Singh M 2011 Mat. Lett. 65 1963
[12] Lee S U, Kim S S, Park M H, Kim J W, Jo H K, Kim W J 2007 Appl. Surf. Sci. 5(254) 1493
[13] Won S K, Youn K J, Kee H K, Hong S H 2009 J. Mag. Mag. Mat. 321 3262
[14] Yang K G, Zhang Y L, Yang S H, Wang B 2010 J. Appl. Phys. 107 124109
[15] Zheng X H, Xu Q G, Wen Z, Lang X Z, Wu D, Qiu T, Xu M X 2010 J. Allo. Comp. 499 108
[16] Puli V S, Kumar A, Panwar N, Panwar C, Katiyar R S 2011 J. Allo. Comp. 509 8223
[17] Wang Y P, Zhou L, Zhang M F, Chen X Y, Liu J M, Liu Z G 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 1731
[18] Kim W S, Jun Y K, Kim K H, Hong S H 2009 J. Mag. Mag. Mat. 321 3262
[19] Kawae T, Terauchi Y, Tsuda H, Kumeda M, Morimoto A 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 112904
[20] Chang F G, Song G L, Fang K, Wang Z K 2007 Acta. Phys. Sin. 56 6068 (in Chinese) [常方高, 宋桂林, 房坤, 王照奎 2007 物理学报 56 6068]
[21] Chin F C, Jen P L, Jenn M W 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 242909
[22] Jun Y K, Hong S H 2007 Solid State Commun. 144 329
[23] Du Y, Cheng Z X, Dou S X, Wang X L 2010 Thin Solid Films 518(24) 5
[24] Huang J Z, Wang Y, Lin Y H, Li M, Nan C W 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 106 063911
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