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SnSb/MCMB composite material was prepared by multi-step synthesis methods. Mesocarbon Microbeads (MCMB) powders were modified by acid treatment firstly, and then SnSb nano particles were deposited on the surface of MCMB through chemical reduction method forming a core-shell composite structure. To characterize the phase and morphology of the composites material, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used. The constant current charge and discharge (CD) and cyclic volt ampere (CV) methods were also used to test the electrochemical performance of SnSb/MCMB. The results demonstrated that SnSb/MCMB presents a multiphase system of nanocrystalline and amorphous structure. The capacity attenuation of SnSb alloy is faster than that of SnSb/MCMB. For the SnSb/MCMB composite, the tiny alloy particles were dispersed on the surface of MCMB powders, preventing from the serious agglomeration of nano particles. At the same time, the inner core MCMB can also buffering the volume effect of the alloy compoites to improve the elecrtochemical cycling stability. The composite material was a first discharge specific capacity of 936.161 mAh/g and the first Coulomb efficiency 80.3%. The specific capacity was still up to 498.221 mAh/g after 50 cycles.
[1] Scrosati B 1995 Nature 373 557
[2] Datta M K, Kumta P N 2007 J. Power Sources 165 368
[3] Cakan R D, Titirici M M, Antonietti M, Cui G L, Maier J, Hu Y S 2008 Chem. Commun. 32 3759
[4] Jo Y N, Kim Y, Kim J S, Song J H, Kim K J, Kwag C Y, Lee D J, Park C W, Kim Y J 2010 J. Power Sources 195 6031
[5] Chen J S, Li C M, Zhou W W, Yan Q Y, Archer L A, Lou X W 2009 Nanoscale 1 280
[6] Paek S M, Kang J H, Jung H, Hwang S J, Choy J H 2009 Chem. Commun. 48 7536
[7] Fang X P, Lu X, Guo X W, Mao Y, Hu Y S, Wang J Z, Wang Z X, Wu F, Liu H K, Chen L Q 2010 Electrochem. Commun. 12 1520
[8] Zhao H L, Zhu Z M, Yin C L, Guo H, Wu H L 2008 Mater. Chem. Phys. 110 201
[9] Morcrette M, Larcher D, Tarascon J M, Edström K, Vaughey J T, Thackeray M M 2007 Electrochim. Acta 52 5339
[10] Nuli Y N, Yang J, Jiang M S 2008 Mater. Lett. 62 2092
[11] Wang X Y, Wen Z Y, Yang X L, Lin B 2008 Solid State Ionics 179 1238
[12] Wang F, Zhao M S, Song X P 2008 J. Power Sources 175 558
[13] Mukaibo H, Momma T, Osaka T 2005 J. Power Sources 146 457
[14] Yang C G, Zhang D W, Zhao Y B, Lu Y H, Wang L, Goodenough J B 2011 J. Power Sources 196 10673
[15] Simonin L, Lafont U, Kelder E M 2008 J. Power Sources 180 859
[16] Zhang S C, Xing Y L, Jiang T, Du Z J, Li F, He L, Liu W B 2011 J. Power Sources 196 6915
[17] Hou X H, Yu H W, Hu S J 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 693 (in Chinese) [侯贤华, 余洪文, 胡社军 2010 物理学报 59 693]
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[19] Li H, Shi L H, Lu W, Huang X J, Chen L Q 2001 J. Electrochem. Soc. 148 A915
[20] Marcinek M, Hardwick L J, Richardson T J, Song X, Kostecki R 2007 J. Power Sources 173 965
[21] Liu Y, Xie J Y, Yang J 2003 J. Power Sources 119-121 572
[22] Dailly A, Ghanbaja J, Willmann P, Billaud D 2004 J. Power Sources 136 281
[23] Wu X D, Wang Z X, Chen L Q, Huang X J 2004 Carbon 42 1965
[24] Li H, Wang Q, Shi L H, Chen L Q, Huang X J 2002 Chem. Mater. 14 103
[25] Buiel E, Dahn J R 1999 Electrochim. Acta 45 121
[26] Sun H, Pu W H, He X M, Li J J, Jiang C Y, Wan C R 2005 New Chemical Materials 33 7 (in Chinese) [孙颢, 蒲薇华, 何向明, 李建军, 姜长印, 万春荣 2005 化工新型材料 33 7]
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[28] Liu Z L, Yu A S, Lee J Y 1999 J. Power Sources 81-82 187
[29] Kim J S, Park Y T 2000 J. Power Sources 91 172
[30] Kim J S, Yoon W Y, Yoo K S, Park G S, Lee C W, Murakami Y, Shindo D 2002 J. Power Sources 104 175
[31] Han P X, Yue Y H, Zhang L X, Xu H X, Liu Z H, Zhang K J, Zhang C J, Dong S M, Ma W, Cui G L 2012 Carbon 50 1355
[32] Balan L, Schneider R, Billaud D, Lambert J, Ghanbaja J 2005 Mater. Lett. 59 2898
[33] Trifonova A, Wachtler M, Wagner M R, Schroettner H, Mitterbauer Ch, Hofer F, Möller K C, Winter M, Besenhard J O 2004 Solid State Ionics 168 51
[34] Hassoun J, Derrien G, Panero S, Scrosati B 2009 Electrochim. Acta 54 4441
[35] Huang K L, Zhang G, Liu S Q, Yang S 2006 Chinese J. Inorg. Chem. 22 2075(in Chinese) [黄可龙, 张戈, 刘素琴, 杨赛 2006 无机化学学报 22 2075]
[36] Wolfenstine J, Campos S, Foster D, Read J, Behl W K 2002 J. Power Sources 109 230
[37] Wu Y P, Jiang C, Wan C, Holze R 2002 J. Power Sources 111 329
[38] Ru Q, Tian Q, Hu S J, Zhao L Z 2011 Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 18 216
[39] Mao O, Dunlap R A, Dahn J R 1999 J. Electrochem. Soc. 146 405
[40] Derrien G, Hassoun J, Panero S, Scrosati B 2007 Adv. Mater. 19 2336
[41] Hassoun J, Derrien G, Panero S, Scrosati B 2008 Adv. Mater. 20 3169
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[1] Scrosati B 1995 Nature 373 557
[2] Datta M K, Kumta P N 2007 J. Power Sources 165 368
[3] Cakan R D, Titirici M M, Antonietti M, Cui G L, Maier J, Hu Y S 2008 Chem. Commun. 32 3759
[4] Jo Y N, Kim Y, Kim J S, Song J H, Kim K J, Kwag C Y, Lee D J, Park C W, Kim Y J 2010 J. Power Sources 195 6031
[5] Chen J S, Li C M, Zhou W W, Yan Q Y, Archer L A, Lou X W 2009 Nanoscale 1 280
[6] Paek S M, Kang J H, Jung H, Hwang S J, Choy J H 2009 Chem. Commun. 48 7536
[7] Fang X P, Lu X, Guo X W, Mao Y, Hu Y S, Wang J Z, Wang Z X, Wu F, Liu H K, Chen L Q 2010 Electrochem. Commun. 12 1520
[8] Zhao H L, Zhu Z M, Yin C L, Guo H, Wu H L 2008 Mater. Chem. Phys. 110 201
[9] Morcrette M, Larcher D, Tarascon J M, Edström K, Vaughey J T, Thackeray M M 2007 Electrochim. Acta 52 5339
[10] Nuli Y N, Yang J, Jiang M S 2008 Mater. Lett. 62 2092
[11] Wang X Y, Wen Z Y, Yang X L, Lin B 2008 Solid State Ionics 179 1238
[12] Wang F, Zhao M S, Song X P 2008 J. Power Sources 175 558
[13] Mukaibo H, Momma T, Osaka T 2005 J. Power Sources 146 457
[14] Yang C G, Zhang D W, Zhao Y B, Lu Y H, Wang L, Goodenough J B 2011 J. Power Sources 196 10673
[15] Simonin L, Lafont U, Kelder E M 2008 J. Power Sources 180 859
[16] Zhang S C, Xing Y L, Jiang T, Du Z J, Li F, He L, Liu W B 2011 J. Power Sources 196 6915
[17] Hou X H, Yu H W, Hu S J 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 693 (in Chinese) [侯贤华, 余洪文, 胡社军 2010 物理学报 59 693]
[18] Wachtler M, Winter M, Besenhard J O 2002 J. Power Sources 105 151
[19] Li H, Shi L H, Lu W, Huang X J, Chen L Q 2001 J. Electrochem. Soc. 148 A915
[20] Marcinek M, Hardwick L J, Richardson T J, Song X, Kostecki R 2007 J. Power Sources 173 965
[21] Liu Y, Xie J Y, Yang J 2003 J. Power Sources 119-121 572
[22] Dailly A, Ghanbaja J, Willmann P, Billaud D 2004 J. Power Sources 136 281
[23] Wu X D, Wang Z X, Chen L Q, Huang X J 2004 Carbon 42 1965
[24] Li H, Wang Q, Shi L H, Chen L Q, Huang X J 2002 Chem. Mater. 14 103
[25] Buiel E, Dahn J R 1999 Electrochim. Acta 45 121
[26] Sun H, Pu W H, He X M, Li J J, Jiang C Y, Wan C R 2005 New Chemical Materials 33 7 (in Chinese) [孙颢, 蒲薇华, 何向明, 李建军, 姜长印, 万春荣 2005 化工新型材料 33 7]
[27] Ein-Eli Y, Koch V R 1997 J. Electrochem. Soc. 144 2968
[28] Liu Z L, Yu A S, Lee J Y 1999 J. Power Sources 81-82 187
[29] Kim J S, Park Y T 2000 J. Power Sources 91 172
[30] Kim J S, Yoon W Y, Yoo K S, Park G S, Lee C W, Murakami Y, Shindo D 2002 J. Power Sources 104 175
[31] Han P X, Yue Y H, Zhang L X, Xu H X, Liu Z H, Zhang K J, Zhang C J, Dong S M, Ma W, Cui G L 2012 Carbon 50 1355
[32] Balan L, Schneider R, Billaud D, Lambert J, Ghanbaja J 2005 Mater. Lett. 59 2898
[33] Trifonova A, Wachtler M, Wagner M R, Schroettner H, Mitterbauer Ch, Hofer F, Möller K C, Winter M, Besenhard J O 2004 Solid State Ionics 168 51
[34] Hassoun J, Derrien G, Panero S, Scrosati B 2009 Electrochim. Acta 54 4441
[35] Huang K L, Zhang G, Liu S Q, Yang S 2006 Chinese J. Inorg. Chem. 22 2075(in Chinese) [黄可龙, 张戈, 刘素琴, 杨赛 2006 无机化学学报 22 2075]
[36] Wolfenstine J, Campos S, Foster D, Read J, Behl W K 2002 J. Power Sources 109 230
[37] Wu Y P, Jiang C, Wan C, Holze R 2002 J. Power Sources 111 329
[38] Ru Q, Tian Q, Hu S J, Zhao L Z 2011 Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 18 216
[39] Mao O, Dunlap R A, Dahn J R 1999 J. Electrochem. Soc. 146 405
[40] Derrien G, Hassoun J, Panero S, Scrosati B 2007 Adv. Mater. 19 2336
[41] Hassoun J, Derrien G, Panero S, Scrosati B 2008 Adv. Mater. 20 3169
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