Progress of research on new hole transporting materials used in perovskite solar cells

Song Zhi-Hao; Wang Shi-Rong; Xiao Yin; Li Xiang-Gao

doi:10.7498/aps.64.033301

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells with a solid-state thin film structure have attracted great attention in recent years due to their simple structure, low production cost and superb photovoltaic performance. Because of the boost in power conversion efficiency (PCE) in short intervals from 3.8% to 19.3% at present, this hybrid cells have been considered as the next generation photovoltaic devices. It is expected that the efficiencies of individual devices could ultimately achieve 25%, which is comparable to the single-crystal silicon solar cell.In this article, the perovskite absorber, its basic device structure, and operating principles are briefly introduced. Since most of the high efficiency perovskite solar cells employ hole transporting materials (HTM), they could benefit the hole transport and improve the metal-semiconductor interface in the cells. This perspective gives analyses of some effective hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cell application. The hole transporting materials used in perovskite solar cell are classified into six categories according to their structures, including triphenylamine-based small molecule HTM, small molecule HTM containing N atom, sulfur-based small molecule HTM, sulfur-based polymer HTM, polymer HTM containing N atom and inorganic HTM. Emphasis is placed on the interplay of molecular structures, energy levels, and charge carrier mobility as well as device parameters. A critial look at various approaches applied to achieve desired materials and device performance is provided to assist in the identification of new directions and further advances.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
2.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
Funds: Project supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2012AA030307), and the Key Projects in the Science & Technology Pillar Program of Tianjin, China (Grant No. 13ZCZDGX00900).

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Cited By

[1]	Kojima A, Teshima K, Shirai Y, Miyasaka T 2009 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131 6050
[2]	Kim H S, Lee C R, Im J H, Lee K B, Moehl T, Marchioro A, Moon S J, Humphry-Baker R, Yum J H, Moser J E, Grätzel M, Park N G 2012 Sci. Rep. 2 591
[3]	Zhou H P, Chen Q, Li G, Luo S, Song T B, Duan H S, Hong Z R, You J B, Liu Y S, Yang Y 2014 Science 345 542
[4]	Singh S P, Nagarjuna P 2014 Dalton Trans. 43 5247
[5]	Cai B, Xing Y D, Yang Z, Zhang W H, Qiu J S 2013 Energy Environ. Sci. 6 1480
[6]	Noh J H, Im S H, Heo J H, Mandal T N, Seok S I 2013 Nano Lett. 13 1764
[7]	Park N G 2013 J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 4 2423
[8]	Shen Q, Ogomi Y, Chang J, Tsukamoto S, Kukihara K, Oshima T, Osada N, Yoshino K, Katayama K, Toyoda T, Hayase S 2014 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 19984
[9]	Yang Z, Zhang W H 2014 Chin. J. Catal. 35 983
[10]	Lee M M, Teuscher J, Miyasaka T, Murakami T N, Snaith H J 2012 Science 338 643
[11]	Shi J J, Dong J, Lv S T, Xu Y Z, Zhu L F, Xiao J Y, Xu X, Wu H J, Li D M, Luo Y H, Meng Q B 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 063901
[12]	Xing G C, Mathews N, Sun S Y, Lim S S, Lam Y M, Grätzel M, Mhaisalkar S, Sum T C 2013 Science 342 344
[13]	Stranks S D, Eperon G E, Grancini G, Menelaou C, Alcocer M J, Leijtens T, Herz L M, Petrozza A, Snaith H J 2013 Science 342 341
[14]	Liu M Z, Johnston M B, Snaith H J 2013 Nature 501 395
[15]	Eperon G E, Burlakov V M, Docampo P, Goriely A, Snaith H J 2014 Adv. Funct. Mater. 24 151
[16]	Jeng J Y, Chiang Y F, Lee M H, Peng S R, Guo T F, Chen P, Wen T C 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 3727
[17]	Sun S Y, Salim T, Mathews N, Duchamp M, Boothroyd C, Xing G C, Sum T C, Lam Y M 2014 Energy Environ. Sci. 7 399
[18]	Kim H B, Choi H, Jeong J, Kim S, Walker B, Song S, Kim J Y 2014 Nanoscale 6 6679
[19]	Wang B H, Xiao X D, Chen T 2014 Nanoscale 6 12287
[20]	Etgar L, Gao P, Xue Z S, Peng Q, Chandiran A K, Liu B, Nazeeruddin M K, Graätzel M 2012 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 17396
[21]	Xu Y Z, Shi J J, Lv S T, Zhu L F, Dong J, Wu H J, Xiao Y, Luo Y H, Wang S R, Li D M, Li X G, Meng Q B 2014 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6 5651
[22]	Kazim S, Nazeeruddin M K, Grätzel M, Ahmad S 2014 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53 2812
[23]	Polander L E, Pahner P, Schwarze M, Saalfrank M, Koerner C, Leo K 2014 APL Materials 2 081503
[24]	Leijtens T, Lim J, Teuscher J, Park T, Snaith H J 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 3227
[25]	Burschka J, Dualeh A, Kessler F, Baranoff E, Cevey-Ha N, Yi C Y, Nazeeruddin M K, Grätzel M 2011 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 18042
[26]	Krger J, Plass R, Cevey L, Piccirelli M, Grätzel M, Bach U 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 2085
[27]	Kwon Y S, Lim J, Yun H J, Kim Y H, Park T 2014 Energy Environ. Sci. 7 1454
[28]	Burschka J, Pellet N, Moon S-J, Humphry-Baker R, Gao P, Nazeeruddin M K, Grätzel M 2013 Nature 499 316
[29]	Ball J M, Lee M M, Hey A, Snaith H J 2013 Energy Environ. Sci. 6 1739
[30]	Jeon N J, Lee H G, Kim Y C, Seo J, Noh J H, Lee J, Seok S I 2014 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136 7837
[31]	Christians J A, Fung R C, Kamat P V 2013 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136 758
[32]	Wang J J, Wang S R, Li X G, Zhu L F, Meng Q B, Xiao Y, Li D M 2014 Chem. Commun. 50 5829
[33]	Lv S T, Han L Y, Xiao J Y, Zhu L F, Shi J J, Wei H Y, Xu Y Z, Dong J, Xu X, Li D M, Wang S R, Luo Y H, Meng Q B, Li X G 2014 Chem. Commun. 50 6931
[34]	Krishnamoorthy T, Kunwu F, Boix P P, Li H, Koh T M, Leong W L, Powar S, Grimsdale A, Grätzel M, Mathews N, Mhaisalkar S G 2014 J. Mater. Chem. A 2 6305
[35]	Li H R, Fu K, Hagfeldt A, Grätzel M, Mhaisalkar S G, Grimsdale A C 2014 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53 4085
[36]	Krishna A, Sabba D, Li H R, Yin J, Boix P P, Soci C, Mhaisalkar S G, Grimsdale A C 2014 Chem. Sci. 5 2702
[37]	Do K, Choi H, Lim K, Jo H, Cho J W, Nazeeruddin M K, Ko J 2014 Chem. Commun. 50 10971
[38]	Choi H, Paek S, Lim N, Lee Y, Nazeeruddin M K, Ko J 2014 Chem. Eur. J. 20 10894
[39]	Xiao J Y, Han L Y, Zhu L F, Lv S T, Shi J J, Wei H Y, Xu Y Z, Dong J, Xu X, Xiao Y, Li D M, Wang S R, Luo Y H, Li X G, Meng Q B 2014 RSC Adv. 4 32918
[40]	Bi D Q, Yang L, Boschloo G, Hagfeldt A, Johansson E M 2013 J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 4 1532
[41]	Jeon N J, Lee J, Noh J H, Nazeeruddin M K, Graätzel M, Seok S I 2013 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 19087
[42]	Li W Z, Dong H P, Wang L D, Li N, Guo X D, Li J W, Qiu Y 2014 J. Mater. Chem. A 2 13587
[43]	Liu J, Wu Y Z, Qin C J, Yang X D, Yasuda T, Islam A, Zhang K, Peng W Q, Chen W, Han L Y 2014 Energy Environ. Sci. 7 2963
[44]	Zheng L L, Chung Y H, Ma Y Z, Zhang L P, Xiao L X, Chen Z J, Wang S F, Qu B, Gong Q H 2014 Chem. Commun. 50 11196
[45]	Zhou J Y, Wan X J, Liu Y S, Zuo Y, Li Z, He G R, Long G K, Ni W, Li C X, Su X C, Chen Y S 2012 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 16345
[46]	Qin P, Paek S, Dar M I, Pellet N, Ko J, Grätzel M, Nazeeruddin M K 2014 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136 8516
[47]	Chen H W, Pan X, Liu W Q, Cai M, Kou D X, Huo Z P, Fang X Q, Dai S Y 2013 Chem. Commun. 49 7277
[48]	Guo Y L, Liu C, Inoue K, Harano K, Tanaka H, Nakamura E 2014 J. Mater. Chem. A 2 13827
[49]	Habisreutinger S N, Leijtens T, Eperon G E, Stranks S D, Nicholas R J, Snaith H J 2014 Nano Lett. 14 5561
[50]	Lee J W, Park S, Ko M J, Son H J, Park N G 2014 ChemPhysChem 15 2595
[51]	You J B, Hong Z R, Yang Y M, Chen Q, Cai M, Song T B, Chen C C, Lu S R, Liu Y S, Zhou H P, Yang Y 2014 ACS Nano 8 1674
[52]	Seo J, Park S, Kim Y C, Jeon N J, Noh J H, Yoon S C, Seok S I 2014 Energy Environ. Sci. 7 2642
[53]	Chiang C H, Tseng Z L, Wu C G 2014 J. Mater. Chem. A 2 15897
[54]	Yan W B, Li Y L, Sun W H, Peng H T, Ye S Y, Liu Z W, Bian Z Q, Huang C H 2014 RSC Adv. 4 33039
[55]	Xiao Y M, Han G Y, Chang Y Z, Zhou H H, Li M Y, Li Y P 2014 J. Power Sources 267 1
[56]	Heo J H, Im S H, Noh J H, Mandal T N, Lim C S, Chang J A, Lee Y H, Kim H J, Sarkar A, Nazeeruddin M K, Grätzel M, Seok S I 2013 Nat. Photonics 7 486
[57]	Ryu S, Noh J H, Jeon N J, Kim Y C, Yang W S, Seo J W, Seok S I 2014 Energy Environ. Sci. 7 2614
[58]	Ito S, Tanaka S, Vahlman H, Nishino H, Manabe K, Lund P 2014 ChemPhysChem 15 1194
[59]	Ito S, Tanaka S, Manabe K, Nishino H 2014 J. Phys. Chem. C 118 16995
[60]	Chavhan S D, Miguel O, Grande H J, Gonzalez-Pedro V, Sánchez R S, Barea E M, Mora-Seró I, Ramon T Z 2014 J. Mater. Chem. A 2 12754
[61]	Qin P, Tanaka S, Ito S, Tetreault N, Manabe K, Nishino H, Nazeeruddin M K, Grätzel M 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 3834
[62]	Subbiah A S, Halder A, Ghosh S, Mahuli N, Hodes G, Sarkar S K 2014 J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 5 1748
[63]	Jeng J Y, Chen K C, Chiang T Y, Lin P Y, Tsai T D, Chang Y C, Guo T F, Chen P, Wen T C, Hsu Y J 2014 Adv. Mater. 26 4107
[64]	Zhu Z L, Bai Y, Zhang T, Liu Z K, Long X, Wei Z H, Wang Z L, Zhang L X, Wang J N, Yan F, Yang S H 2014 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53 12571
[65]	Wang K C, Jeng J Y, Shen P S, Chang Y C, Diau E W G, Tsai C H, Chao T Y, Hsu H C, Lin P Y, Chen P, Guo T F, Wen T C 2014 Sci. Rep. 4 4756
[66]	Wu Z W, Bai S, Xiang J, Yuan Z C, Yang Y G, Cui W, Gao X Y, Liu Z, Jin Y Z, Sun B Q 2014 Nanoscale 6 10505

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Vol. 64, Issue 3 - 2015-02-05

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