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Plasmonics with subwavelength characteristics can break the diffraction limit of light and be used to produce the sub-wavelength optoelectronic device, thus it has aroused great interest for decades. Local surface plasmon resonance of metal nanoparticles has become one of the research hotspots due to the fact it can produce extinction and near-field enhancement effect. How to achieve controllable plasmon line shape and generate strong electromagnetic field enhancement is of great significance for improving the sensing performance, nonlinear effect and surface enhanced Raman factor of metallic nanostructures. The optical properties of plasmonic oligomer clusters composed of normal and L-shaped nanrod dimers are investigated by using the finite-difference time-domain method in this paper. There are two energy modes for an L-shaped nanorod due to its shaped anisotropy, where plasmons oscillate along the arms of the L-shaped nanorod or oscillate over the whole length of the L-shaped nanorod. Therefore, two bonding resonances appear in the spectrum of an L-shaped nanorod dimer, while only one bonding resonance exists for normal nanorod dimer. When a normal nanorod dimer and an L-shaped nanorod dimer are aligned together to form a quadrumer, the three bonding resonances can be excited simultaneously and radiative damping can be suppressed effectively around the dip spectral positions. It is shown that the optical responses of quadrumer can be strongly tuned by manipulating the geometry parameters. For example, the coupling between the two dimers can be modified by adjusting the separation, and the three resonances shift toward higher energies with the increasing of the separation. In addition, the optical responses of individual nanorod depend on the corresponding arm length. As a result, the three resonances of the quadrumer can also be well tuned by adjusting the arm length. Comparing the variation of resonance peak positions between L-shaped nanorod dimer and normal nanorod dimer, we can more intuitively understand spectral lineshape variation of quadrumer. These results can be used for guiding the design of nano-photonic devices for plasmonic oligomer clusters and also for developing the application of surface-enhanced Raman scattering and biological sensing.
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Keywords:
- localized surface plasmonic resonance /
- finite-difference time-domain method /
- gold nanorod complexes /
- exctinction spectrum
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[1] Barnes W L, Dereux A, Ebbesen T W 2003 Nature 424 824
[2] Kelly K L, Coronado E, Zhao L L, Schatz G C 2002 J. Phys. Chem. B 34 668
[3] Ding P, Wang J Q, He J N, Fan C Z, Cai G W, Liang E J 2013 Chin. Phys.B 22 127802
[4] Liu S D, Cheng M T 2010 J. Appl. Phys. 108 034313
[5] Shi X Z, Shen C M, Wang D K, Li C, Tian Y, Xu Z C, Wang C M, Gao H J 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 076103
[6] Shopa M, Kolwas K, Derkachova A, Derkachov G 2010 Opto-Electron. Rev. 18 421
[7] Liu S D, Yang Z, Liu R P, Li X Y 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 203119
[8] Liu S D, Yang Z, Liu R P, Li X Y 2012 ACS Nano 6 6260
[9] Liu S D, Zhang M J, Wang W J, Wang Y C 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 102 133105
[10] Kessentini S, Barchiesi D, D'Andrea C, Toma A, Guillot N, Di Fabrizio E, Fazio B, Marago O M, Gucciardi P G, de la Chapelle M L 2014 J. Phys. Chem. C 118 3209
[11] Yang Y P, Ranjan S, Zhang W L 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 128702
[12] Shao W J, Li W M, Xu X L, Wang H J, Wu Y Z, Yu J 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 117301
[13] Liu S D, Yang Z, Liu R P, Li X Y 2011 Opt. Express 19 15363
[14] He M D, Ma W G, Wang X J 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 114201
[15] Huo Y Y, Jia T Q, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Zhang S A, Feng D H, Sun Z R 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 113104
[16] Jiang W, Kim B Y S, Rutka J T, Chan W C W 2008 Nat Nanotechnol. 3 145
[17] Luk'yanchuk B, Zheludev N I, Maier S A, Halas N J, Nordlander P, Giessen H, Chong C T 2010 Nature Mater. 9 707
[18] Lovera A, Gallinet B, Nordlander P, Martin O J 2013 ACS Nano 7 4527
[19] Zhao H J 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 087104
[20] Yuan J, Kan Q, Geng Z X, Xie Y Y, Wang C X, Chen H D 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 084201
[21] Zhang Z, Liu Q, Qi Z M 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 060703 (in Chinese) [张喆, 柳倩, 祁志美 2013 物理学报 62 060703]
[22] Omidi M, Amoabediny G, Yazdian F, Habibi-Rezaei M 2015 Chin. Phys. Lett. 32 018701
[23] Liu S D, Yang Z, Liu R P, Li X Y 2011 J. Phys. Chem. C 115 24469
[24] Zhou Q, He Y, Abell J, Zhang Z, Zhao Y 2011 J. Phys. Chem. C 115 14131
[25] Wang J Q, Fan C Z, He J N, Ding P, Liang E J, Xue Q Z 2013 Opt. Express 21 2236
[26] Hentschel M, Dregely D, Vogelgesang R, Giessen H, Liu N 2011 ACS Nano 5 2042
[27] Lassiter J B, Sobhani H, Knight M W, Mielczarek W S, Nordlander P, Halas N J 2012 Nano Lett. 12 1058
[28] Rahmani M, Lei D Y, Giannini V, Lukiyanchuk B, Ranjbar M, Liew T Y F, Hong M H, Maier S A 2012 Nano Lett. 12 2101
[29] Wang M, Cao M, Guo Z R, Gu N 2013 J. Phys. Chem. C 117 11713
[30] Canfield B K, Kujala S, Jefimovs K, Turunen J, Kauranen M 2004 Opt. Express 12 5418
[31] Canfield B K, Kujala S, Kauranen M, Jefimovs K, Vallius T, Turunen J 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 183109
[32] Canfield B K, Kujala S, Kauranen M, Jefimovs K, Vallius T, Turunen J 2005 J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 7 110
[33] Sung J, Hicks E M, van Duyne R P, Spears K G 2007 J. Phys. Chem. C 111 10368
[34] Panaro S, Toma A, Zaccaria R P, Chirumamilla M, Saeed A, Razzari L, Das G, Liberale C, de Angelis F, Di Fabrizio E 2013 Microelectron. Eng. 111 91
[35] Husu H, Makitalo J, Laukkanen J, Kuittinen M, Kauranen M 2010 Opt. Express 18 16601
[36] Yang J, Zhang J S 2013 Opt. Express 21 7934
[37] Yang J, Zhang J S 2011 Plasmonics 6 251
[38] Liu J Q, Chen J, Wang D Y, Zhou Y X, Chen Z H, Wang L L 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 097801
[39] Johnson P B, Christy R W 1972 Phys. Rev. B 6 4370
[40] Friedrich H, Wintgen D 1985 Phys. Rev. A 31 3964
[41] Friedrich H, Wintgen D 1985 Phys. Rev. A 32 3231
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