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An off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) is established by using a fiber-coupled distributed feedback diode laser operating near 2 μm. Its performances are evaluated and optimized through experimental investigation via detecting the pure CH4 absorptions at different pressures. The reflectivity of the cavity mirror is measured to be 0.99865, which results in the effective total optical pathlength of up to 407.4 m based on a 55 cm cavity. It is shown that the OA-ICOS configuration can be used to obtain very long optical pathlength, leading to pretty high sensitive monitoring of atmospheric trace gases. Based on the developed OA-ICOS, the atmospheric CO2 measurements are made and its performance is improved by using the wavelet denoising approach. The CO2 absorption line at 4993.7431 cm-1 is used for measuring the concentration. The measured results are compared with the results obtaind by a commercial H2O/CO2 analyzer. Agreement and disagreement are briefly discussed, and the results show that the OA-ICOS is reliable for detecting the atmospheric trace gases. The limitation of the developed OA-ICOS and the further steps towards the improvement in precision and accuracy are also presented.
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Keywords:
- off-axis integrated cavity /
- CO2 /
- wavelet denoising
[1] Paul J B, Lapson L An derson J G 2001 Appl. Opt. 40 4904
[2] Arévalo-Martínez D L, Beyer M, Krumbholz M, Piller I, Kock A, Steinhoff T, Körtzinger A, Bange H W 2013 Ocean Sci. 9 1071
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[4] Arslanov D D, Cristescu S M, Harren F J M 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3300
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[6] Lee L, Park H, Kim T S, Ko K H, Jeong D Y 2012 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 678 8
[7] Duan J, Qin M, Fang W, Ling L Y, Hu R Z, Lu X, Shen L L,Wang D, Xie P H, Liu J G, Liu W Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 180701 (in Chinese) [段俊, 秦敏, 方武, 凌六一, 胡仁志, 卢雪, 沈兰兰, 王丹, 谢品华, 刘建国, 刘文清 2015 物理学报 64 180701]
[8] Ling L Y, Xie P H, Lin P P, Huang Y R, Qin M, Duan J, Hu R Z, Wu F C 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 130705 (in Chinese) [凌六一, 谢品华, 林攀攀, 黄友锐, 秦敏, 段俊, 胡仁志, 吴丰成 2015 物理学报 64 130705]
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[10] Zhao W X, Gao X M Zhang W J, Huang T 2006 Acta Optica Sin. 26 1260 (in Chinese) [赵卫雄, 高晓明, 张为俊, 黄腾 2006 光学学报 26 1260]
[11] Jia H Guo X Y Cai T D, Zhao W X, Wang L, Tan T, Zhang W J, Gao X M 2009 Spectrosc Spect. Anal. 29 3173 (in Chinese) [贾慧, 郭晓勇, 蔡廷栋, 赵卫雄, 汪磊, 谈图, 张为俊, 高晓明 2009 光谱学与光谱分析 29 3173]
[12] Dong M L, Zhao W X, Cheng Y, Hu C J, Gu X J, Zhang W J 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 060702 (in Chinese) [董美丽, 赵卫雄, 程越, 胡长进, 顾学军, 张为俊 2012 物理学报 61 060702]
[13] Dong Y, Wang G L, Wang H P, Ni H Q, Chen J H, Gao F Q, Qiao Z T 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 104209
[14] Wu Z W, Dong Y T, Zhou W D 2014 Spectrosc Spect. Anal. 34 2081 (in Chinese) [吴志伟, 董燕婷, 周卫东 2014 光谱学与光谱分析 34 2081]
[15] Chen X, Sui Q M, Miao F, Jia L, Cao Y Q 2012 Opt. Precision Eng. 20 9 (in Chinese) [陈霄, 隋青美, 苗飞, 贾磊, 曹玉强 2012 光学精密工程 20 9]
[16] Tan Z Q, Long X W 2010 Opt. Commun 283 1406
[17] Fiedler S E, Hese A, Ruth A A 2003 Chem. Phys. Lett. 371 284
[18] Bakhirkin Y A, Kosterev A A, Curl R F, Tittel F K, Yarekha D A, Hvozdara L, Giovannini M, Faist J 2006 Appl. Phys. B 82 149
[19] Wang L, Song G X 1999 J. Xidian Univ. 26 358 (in Chinese) [王玲, 宋国乡 1999 西安电子科技大学学报 26 358]
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[1] Paul J B, Lapson L An derson J G 2001 Appl. Opt. 40 4904
[2] Arévalo-Martínez D L, Beyer M, Krumbholz M, Piller I, Kock A, Steinhoff T, Körtzinger A, Bange H W 2013 Ocean Sci. 9 1071
[3] Glzow W, Rehder G, Schneider B, Deimling J S V, Sadkowiak B 2011 Limnol. Oceanogr. Meth. 9 176
[4] Arslanov D D, Cristescu S M, Harren F J M 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3300
[5] Berman E S F, Fortson S L, Snaith S P, Gupta M, Baer D S, Chery I, Blanc S, Melanson E L, Thomson P J, Speakman J R 2012 Anal. Chem. 84 9768
[6] Lee L, Park H, Kim T S, Ko K H, Jeong D Y 2012 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 678 8
[7] Duan J, Qin M, Fang W, Ling L Y, Hu R Z, Lu X, Shen L L,Wang D, Xie P H, Liu J G, Liu W Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 180701 (in Chinese) [段俊, 秦敏, 方武, 凌六一, 胡仁志, 卢雪, 沈兰兰, 王丹, 谢品华, 刘建国, 刘文清 2015 物理学报 64 180701]
[8] Ling L Y, Xie P H, Lin P P, Huang Y R, Qin M, Duan J, Hu R Z, Wu F C 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 130705 (in Chinese) [凌六一, 谢品华, 林攀攀, 黄友锐, 秦敏, 段俊, 胡仁志, 吴丰成 2015 物理学报 64 130705]
[9] Pei S X, Gao X M, Cui F P, Huang W, Shao J, Fan H, Zhang W J 2005 Spectrosc Spect. Anal. 25 1908 (in Chinese) [裴世鑫, 高晓明, 崔芬萍, 黄伟, 邵杰, 樊宏, 张为俊 2005 光谱学与光谱分析 25 1908]
[10] Zhao W X, Gao X M Zhang W J, Huang T 2006 Acta Optica Sin. 26 1260 (in Chinese) [赵卫雄, 高晓明, 张为俊, 黄腾 2006 光学学报 26 1260]
[11] Jia H Guo X Y Cai T D, Zhao W X, Wang L, Tan T, Zhang W J, Gao X M 2009 Spectrosc Spect. Anal. 29 3173 (in Chinese) [贾慧, 郭晓勇, 蔡廷栋, 赵卫雄, 汪磊, 谈图, 张为俊, 高晓明 2009 光谱学与光谱分析 29 3173]
[12] Dong M L, Zhao W X, Cheng Y, Hu C J, Gu X J, Zhang W J 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 060702 (in Chinese) [董美丽, 赵卫雄, 程越, 胡长进, 顾学军, 张为俊 2012 物理学报 61 060702]
[13] Dong Y, Wang G L, Wang H P, Ni H Q, Chen J H, Gao F Q, Qiao Z T 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 104209
[14] Wu Z W, Dong Y T, Zhou W D 2014 Spectrosc Spect. Anal. 34 2081 (in Chinese) [吴志伟, 董燕婷, 周卫东 2014 光谱学与光谱分析 34 2081]
[15] Chen X, Sui Q M, Miao F, Jia L, Cao Y Q 2012 Opt. Precision Eng. 20 9 (in Chinese) [陈霄, 隋青美, 苗飞, 贾磊, 曹玉强 2012 光学精密工程 20 9]
[16] Tan Z Q, Long X W 2010 Opt. Commun 283 1406
[17] Fiedler S E, Hese A, Ruth A A 2003 Chem. Phys. Lett. 371 284
[18] Bakhirkin Y A, Kosterev A A, Curl R F, Tittel F K, Yarekha D A, Hvozdara L, Giovannini M, Faist J 2006 Appl. Phys. B 82 149
[19] Wang L, Song G X 1999 J. Xidian Univ. 26 358 (in Chinese) [王玲, 宋国乡 1999 西安电子科技大学学报 26 358]
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