Isotope effect on quantum thermal transport in a polyethylene chain

Wu Yu; Cai Shao-Hong; Deng Ming-Sen; Sun Guang-Yu; Liu Wen-Jiang; Cen Chao

doi:10.7498/aps.66.116501

Abstract

both the theoretical and the experimental aspects. Bulk polyethylene is regarded as a thermal insulator because its thermal conductivity is typically on the order of 0.35 W·m-1·K-1. However, recent studies demonstrate that a polyethylene chain has an extremely high thermal conductivity and the reported thermal conductivity of ultra-drawn polyethylene nanofibers is as high as 104 W·m-1·K-1, about 300 times higher than that of bulk polyethylene. In order to cast off this dilemma, several simulation methods are used to detect the unusually high thermal conductivity of a polyethylene chain. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results are highly sensitive to the choice of empirical potential or simulation method. Even using the same potential (AIREBO potential), the obtained thermal conductivity of a polyethylene chain is different. By combining the Green-Kubo method with a modal decomposition approach, equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) indicates that the thermal conductivity is able to exceed 100 W·m-1·K-1 while the polyethylene chain is longer than 40 nm at room temperature. Compared with the simulation result obtained by equilibrium molecular dynamics, the simulation result provided by using the non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) method is only 57 W m·m-1·K-1 for a 160-nm-long polyethylene chain at room temperature. We use the first-principles method to calculate the force constant tensor, and the characteristics of quantum thermal transport in a polyethylene chain can be revealed. In our algorithm, several shortcomings of molecular dynamics, i.e., different potential functions or simulation methods may lead to obviously different results for the same quantum thermal transport system, are overcome. Based on the density functional theory (DFT), the central insertion scheme (CIS) combined with nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) is used to evaluate the isotope effect on quantum thermal transport in a polyethylene chain, which includes 432 atoms in scattering region and has a length of 18.533 nm. It is found that the upper limit of thermal conductivity of a 100-nm-long pure 12C polyethylene chain reaches a high value of 314.1 W·m-1·K-1 at room temperature. Moreover, for the case of a pure polyethylene chain of 12C, with other conditions unchanged, the reduction of average thermal conductance caused by 14C impurity is more remarkable than that by 13C. The most outstanding isotope effect on quantum thermal transport can be detected in the polyethylene chain. When the doping concentration of 14C in 12C is 50% at room temperature, the average thermal conductance will be reduced by 51%. It is of great significance for studying the mechanism of isotope effect on thermal transport in polyethylene.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
College of Big Data and Information Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
2.
School of Physics and Electronic Science, Institute of Applied Physics, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550018, China;
3.
Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Economic System Simulation, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China;
4.
Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550018, China

Corresponding author: Cai Shao-Hong, caish@mail.gufe.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11264005), Foundation of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province, China (Grant No.J[2012]2292), and the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Guizhou Province, China (Grant No.[2014]307, 2008057, 2007036).

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[44]	Calzolari A, Jayasekera T, Kim K W, Nardelli M B 2012 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 24 492204
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[46]	Zavgorodnev Y V, Chvalun S N, Nikolaeva G Y, Sagitova E A, Pashinin P, Gordeyev S A, Prokhorov K A 2015 J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 594 012010
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Cited By

[1]	Reecht G, Scheurer F, Speisser V, Dappe Y J, Mathevet F, Schull G 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 047403
[2]	Singh V, Bougher T L, Weathers A, Singh V, Bougher T, Weathers A, Cai Y, Bi K, Pettes M T, McMenamin S A, Lv W, Resler D P, Gattuso T R, Altman D H, Sandhage K H, Shi L, Henry A, Cola B A 2014 Nature Nanotech. 9 384
[3]	Henry A, Chen G 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 235502
[4]	Shen S, Henry A, Tong J, Zheng R T, Chen G 2010 Nature Nanotech. 10 1038
[5]	Cao B Y, Dong R Y, Kong J, Chen H, Xu Y, Rong Q L, Cai A 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 046501 (in Chinese) [曹炳阳, 董若宇, 孔杰, 陈恒, 徐雁, 容启亮, 蔡岸 2012 物理学报 61 046501]
[6]	Yamanaka A, Takao T 2011 ISRN Mater. Sci. 10 5402
[7]	Liao Q W, Liu Z C, Liu W, Deng C C, Yang N 2015 Sci. Rep. 5 16543
[8]	Stocker H 2004 Physics Manual (Beijing: Peking University Press) p700 (in Chinese) [斯托克 2004 物理手册 (北京: 北京大学出版社) 第700页]
[9]	Onn D G, Witek A, Qiu Y Z, Anthony T R, Banholzer W F 1992 Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 2806
[10]	Xu Y, Chen X B, Gu B L, Duan W H 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 233116
[11]	Xie Z X, Tang L M, Pan C N, Li K M, Chen K Q, Duan W H 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 073105
[12]	Xie Z X, Chen K Q, Duan W H 2011 Phys. Condens. Matter. 23 315302
[13]	Si C, Liu Z, Duan W H, Liu F 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 196802
[14]	Tan Z W, Wang J S, Chee K G 2011 Nano Lett. 11 214
[15]	Zhang H J, Lee G, Fonseca A F, Borders T L, Cho K 2010 J. Nanomater. 7 537657
[16]	Sevinçli H, Sevik C, Çaın T, Cuniberti G 2013 Nature. Sci. Rep. 3 1228
[17]	Chen S S, Wu Q Z, Mishra C, Kang J Y, Zhang H J, Cho K, Cai W W, Balandin A A, Ruoff R S 2012 Nature Mater. 10 1038
[18]	Henry A, Chen G 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 144305
[19]	Hu G J, Cao B Y, Li Y W 2014 Chin. Phys. Lett. 31 086501
[20]	Li X Q, Chen J, Yu C X, Zhang G 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 013111
[21]	Jiang J W, Zhao J H, Zhou K, Rabczuk T 2012 J. Appl. Phys. 111 124304
[22]	Chen X B, Duan W H 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 186302 (in Chinese) [陈晓彬, 段文晖 2015 物理学报 64 186302]
[23]	Gao B, Jiang J, Liu K, Wu Z Y, Lu W, Luo Y 2007 J. Comput. Chem. 29 434
[24]	Jiang J, Liu K, Lu W, Luo Y 2006 J. Chem. Phys. 124 214711
[25]	Taylor J, Guo H, Wang J 2001 Phys. Rev. B 63 245407
[26]	Wang J S, Wang J, L J T 2008 Eur. Phys. J. B 62 381
[27]	Hou Q W, Cao B Y, Guo Z Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 7809 (in Chinese) [侯泉文, 曹炳阳, 过增元 2009 物理学报 58 7809]
[28]	Hua Y C, Dong Y, Cao B Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 244401 (in Chinese) [华钰超, 董源, 曹炳阳 2013 物理学报 62 244401]
[29]	Jia X F, Du L, Tang D H, Wang T L, Chen W H 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 127202 (in Chinese) [贾晓菲, 杜磊, 唐冬和, 王婷岚, 陈文豪 2012 物理学报 61 127202]
[30]	Gu Y F, Wu X L, Wu H Z 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 248104 (in Chinese) [顾云风, 吴晓莉, 吴宏章 2016 物理学报 65 248104]
[31]	Yamamoto T, Watanabe S, Watanabe K 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 075502
[32]	Mingo N, Yang L 2003 Phys. Rev. B 68 245406
[33]	Frisch M J, Trucks G W, Schlegel H B, et al. 2009 Gaussian 09 Revision A.02, Gaussian, Inc., Wallingford CT
[34]	Mingo N, Stewart D A, Broido D A, Srivastava D 2008 Phys. Rev. B 77 033418
[35]	Nikoliç B K, Saha K K, Markussen T, Thygesen K S 2012 J. Comput. Electron. 11 78
[36]	Hu W P, Jiang J, Nakashima H, Luo Y, Kashimura Y, Chen K Q, Shuai Z, Furukawa K, Lu W, Liu Y Q, Zhu D B, Torimitsu K 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 027801
[37]	Jiang J, Gao B, Han T T, Fu Y 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 092110
[38]	Jiang J, Sun L, Gao B, Wu Z Y, Lu W, Yang J L, Luo Y 2010 J. Appl. Phys. 108 094303
[39]	Datta S, Cahay M, McLennan M 1987 Phys. Rev. B 36 5655
[40]	Savic I, Mingo N, Stewart D A 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 165502
[41]	Stewart D A, Savic I, Mingo N 2009 Nano Lett. 9 81
[42]	Markussen T, Jauho A P, Brandbyge M 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 035415
[43]	Markussen T, Rurali R, Jauho A P, Brandbyge M 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 076803
[44]	Calzolari A, Jayasekera T, Kim K W, Nardelli M B 2012 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 24 492204
[45]	Yamamoto T, Watanabe K 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 255503
[46]	Zavgorodnev Y V, Chvalun S N, Nikolaeva G Y, Sagitova E A, Pashinin P, Gordeyev S A, Prokhorov K A 2015 J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 594 012010
[47]	Ghosh S, Calizo I, Teweldebrhan D, Pokatilov E P, Nika D L, Balandin A A, Bao W, Miao F, Lau C N 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 151911
[48]	Smith P, Chanzy H D, Rotzinger B P 1987 J. Mater. Sci. 22 523
[49]	Jiang J W, Lan J H, Wang J S, Li B W 2010 J. Appl. Phys. 107 054314
[50]	Yang N, Zhang G, Li B W 2008 Nano Lett. 8 276

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