Detector characterization and electron effect for laser-driven high energy X-ray imaging

Zhang Tian-Kui; Yu Ming-Hai; Dong Ke-Gong; Wu Yu-Chi; Yang Jing; Chen Jia; Lu Feng; Li Gang; Zhu Bin; Tan Fang; Wang Shao-Yi; Yan Yong-Hong; Gu Yu-Qiu

doi:10.7498/aps.66.245201

Abstract

High energy X-ray sources based on laser-wakefield accelerated electron beams have several important advantages, including high photon energy and small source size, and have many important applications such as high resolution radiography in non-destructive testing. Firstly, the thickness of electron converter is optimized with the targets Ta, W and Pb each with an optimal thickness of 2 mm. We calibrate the intrinsic spatial resolution of CsI needle-like scintillation screen, bismuth germanium oxide (BGO) scintillation array and DRZ scintillation screen with an X-ray tube. And the spatial resolution of CsI needle-like scintillation screen is as high as 8.7 lp/mm. The energy deposition responses of these three detectors to high X-ray are also simulated. Experiments show that the features of a two-layer object can be resolved up to an area density of 33.0 g/cm2 by using the high X-ray source generated by injecting laser-wakefield accelerated electron beam into a Ta convertor target. Experiment that compares X-ray radiography, mixed radiography of X-ray and electron, and electron radiography, is also carried out. Since low X-ray yield and low detection efficiency are two serious problems in high energy X-ray radiography based on laser-wakefield accelerated electron beams, we propose and prove a method of improving image signal intensity greatly at the cost of image contrast by adopting the mixed radiography of X-ray and electron.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China;
2.
IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Corresponding author: Gu Yu-Qiu, guyuqiu@caep.ac.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11505166, 11174259, 11375161, 11405159), the Foundation of Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, China (Grant Nos. 9140C680301150C68297, 9140C680302130C68242), and the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0401100).

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[27]	Felicie A, Thomas A G R 2016 Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 58 103001
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[29]	Nagarkar V V, Gupta T K, Miller S R, Klugerman Y, Squillante M R, Entine G 1998 IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 45 492
[30]	Coltman J W 1954 J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44 468
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Cited By

[1]	Tajima T, Dawson J M 1979 Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 267
[2]	Mangles S P D, Thomas A G R, Lundh O, Lindau F, Kaluza M C, Persson A, Wahstrom C G, Krushelnick K, Najmudin Z 2007 Phys. Plasmas 14 056702
[3]	Hafz N A M, Jeong T M, Choi I W, Lee S K, Pae K H, Kulagin V V, Sung J H, Yu T J, Hong K H, Hosokai T, Cary J R, Ko D K, Lee J 2008 Nat. Photon. 2 571
[4]	Dong K G, Gu Y Q, Zhu B, Wu Y C, Cao L F, He Y L, Liu H J, Hong W, Zhou W M, Zhao Z Q, Jiao C Y, Wen X L, Zhang B H, Wang X F 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8733 (in Chinese) [董克攻, 谷渝秋, 朱斌, 吴玉迟, 曹磊峰, 何颖玲, 刘红杰, 洪伟, 周维民, 赵宗清, 焦春晔, 温贤伦, 张保汉, 王晓方 2010 物理学报 59 8733]
[5]	Leemans W P, Nagler B, Gonsalves A J, Toth C, Nakamura K, Geddes C G R, Esarey E, Schroeder C B, Hooker S M 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 696
[6]	Osterhoff J, Popp A, Major Z, Marx B, Rowlands-Rees T P, Fuchs M, Geissler M, Horlein R, Hidding B, Becker S, Peralta E A, Schramm U, Gruner F, Habs D, Krausz F, Hooker S M, Karsch S 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 085002
[7]	Geddes C G R, Nakamura K, Plateau G R, Toth C, Cormier-Michel E, Esarey E, Schroeder C B, Cary J R, Leemans W P 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 215004
[8]	Wang T, Wang X F 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 044102 (in Chinese) [王通, 王晓方 2016 物理学报 65 044102]
[9]	Faure J, Rechatin C, Norlin A, Lifschitz A, Glinec Y, Malka V 2006 Nature 444 737
[10]	Rechatin C, Faure J, Ben-Ismail A, Lim J, Fitour R, Specka A, Videau H, Tafzi A, Burgy F, Malka V 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 164801
[11]	Faure J, Glinec Y, Pukhov A, Kiselev S, Gordienko S, Lefebvre E, Rousseau J P, Burgy F, Malka V 2004 Nature 431 541
[12]	Mangles S P D, Murphy C D, Najmudin Z, Thomas A G R, Collier J L, Dangor A E, Divall E J, Foster P S, Gallacher J G, Hooker C J, Jaroszynski D A, Langley A J, Mori W B, Norreys P A, Tsung F S, Viskup R, Walton B R, Krushelnick K 2004 Nature 431 535
[13]	Geddes C G R, Toth C, Tilborg J V, Esarey E, Schroeder C B, Bruhwiler D, Nieter C, Cary J, Leemans W P 2004 Nature 431 538
[14]	Yoshitama H, Kameshima T, Gu Y Q, Guo Y, Jiao C Y, Liu H J, Peng H S, Tang C M, Wang X D, Wen X L, Wen T S, Wu Y C, Zhang B H, Zhu Q H, Huang X J, An W M, Hung W H, Tang C X, Lin Y Z, Wang X D, Chen L M, Kotaki H, Kando M, Nakajima K 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 2938
[15]	Li W T, Wang W T, Liu J S, Wang C, Zhang Z J, Qi R, Yu C H, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 015205
[16]	Plateau G R, Geddes C G R, Thorn D B, Chen M, Benedetti C, Esarey E, Gonsalves A J, Matlis N H, Nakamura K, Schroeder C B, Shiraishi S, Sokollik T, Tilborg J V, Toth C, Trotsenko S, Kim T S, Battaglia M, Stohlker T, Leemans W P 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 064802
[17]	Leemans W P, Rodgers D, Catravas P E, Geddes C G R, Fubiani G, Esarey E, Shadwick B A, Donahue R, Smith A 2001 Phys. Plasmas 8 2510
[18]	Glinec Y, Faure J, Dain L L, Darbon S, Hosokai T, Santos J J, Lefebvre E, Rousseau J P, Burgy F, Mercier B, Malka V 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 025003
[19]	Ben-Ismail A, Lundh O, Rechatin C, Lim J K, Faure J, Corde S, Malka V 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 264101
[20]	Phuoc K T, Corde S, Thaury C, Malka V, Tafzi A, Goddet J P, Shah R C, Sebban S, Rousse A 2012 Nat. Photon. 6 308
[21]	Chen S, Powers N D, Ghebregziabher I, Maharjan C M, Liu C, Golovin G, Banerjee S, Zhang J, Cunningham N, Moorti A, Clarke S, Pozzi S, Umstadter D P 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 155003
[22]	Giulietti A, Bourgeois N, Ceccotti T, Davoine X, Dobosz S, D'Oliveira P, Galimberti M, Galy J, Gamucci A, Giulietti D, Gizzi L A, Hamilton D J, Lefebvre E, Labate L, Marques J R, Monot P, Popescu H, Reau F, Sarri G, Tomassini P, Martin P 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 105002
[23]	Reed S A, Chvykov V, Kalintchenko G, Matsuoka T, Rousseau P, Yanovsky V, Vane C R, Beene J R, Stracener D, Schultz D R, Maksimchuk A 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 231107
[24]	Edwards R D, Sinclair M A, Goldsack T J, Krushelnick K, Beg F N, Clark E L, Dangor A E, Najmudin Z, Tatarakis M, Walton B, Zepf M, Ledingham K W D, Spencer I, Norreys P A, Clarke R J, Kodama R, Toyama Y, Tampo M 2002 Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 2129
[25]	Ben-Ismail A, Faure J, Malka V 2011 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 629 382
[26]	Dopp A, Guillaume E, Thaury C, Lifschitz A, Sylla F, Goddet J P, Tafzi A, Iaquanello G, Lefrou T, Rousseau P, Conejero E, Ruiz C, Phuoc K T, Malka V 2016 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 830 515
[27]	Felicie A, Thomas A G R 2016 Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 58 103001
[28]	Zhang C Z, Guo Z P, Zhang P, Wang X G 2009 Technology and Principle of Industrial CT (Beijing: Science Press) pp40, 41 (in Chinese) [张朝宗, 郭志平, 张朋, 王贤刚 2009 工业CT技术和原理 (北京: 科学出版社) 第40, 41页]
[29]	Nagarkar V V, Gupta T K, Miller S R, Klugerman Y, Squillante M R, Entine G 1998 IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 45 492
[30]	Coltman J W 1954 J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44 468
[31]	Park H S, Chambers D M, Chung H K, Clarke R J, Eagleton R, Giraldez E, Goldsack T, Heathcote R, Izumi N, Key M H, King J A, Koch J A, Landen O L, Nikroo A, Patel P K, Price D F, Remington B A, Robey H F, Snavely R A, Steinman D A, Stephens R B, Stoeckl C, Storm M, Tabak M, Theobald W, Town R P J, Wickersham J E, Zhang B B 2006 Phys. Plasmas 13 056309
[32]	Gonzalez R C, Woods R E, Eddins S L(translated by Ruan Q Q)2013 Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: Tsinghua University Press) pp54-58 (in Chinese) [Gonzalez R C, Woods R E, Eddins S L 著 (阮秋琦译) 2013 数字图像处理的MATLAB实现(第二版)(北京: 清华大学出版社)第54--58页]

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