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本文指出,从液晶透射的偏振光(单色光和白光)干涉条纹时空分布可以得到多种可能的液晶指向角时空分布。考虑具体物理条件(如指向切流孤子方程,非线性波局域速度随时间变化等)可以消除上述不确定性。文中对向列相切流液晶孤子情形做了详细讨论。数值计算结果与有关实验的比较表明,如果指向切流孤子方程(一维)是该实验的合理描述,那么,文献中指向角空间分布曲线是与该实验观察到白光下三条黑线速度方向相同这一事实相抵触的。本文给出了与上述实验比较一致的指向角分布。It is pointed out that more than one temporal and spatial distribution of director angles can be obtained from the interference patterns (varying in space and time) of transmitted polarized (monochromatic and white) light from liquid crystals. When specific physical conditions (e.g. the time variation of the local velocities of nonlinear waves described by shearing director equation of soltons) are taken into account, the above uncertainty can be removed. Detailed discussions on the case of solitons in shearing nematics are given. Numerical calculations show that the spatial distribution of director angles given in Eef. 5 is in contradiction to the directions of velocities of the three dark lines (under white light) observed experimentally if the one-dimensional shearing director equation of solitons is assumed. A distribution of director angles in better agreement with experiments is given.







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