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中国物理学会期刊

冷凝器壁面滴状冷凝的热力学机理及最佳接触角

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.48.1823

THEMODYNAMIC MECHANISM FOR THE CONDENSATION OF LIQUID DROPS ON THE CONDENSER SURFACE

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.48.1823
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  • 应用自由能判据证明了冷凝器壁面液滴的力学平衡条件与接触角有关,进而证明了当壁面液滴与壁面的接触大于90°时,冷凝器壁面液滴的化学势将小于同曲率的球形液滴的化学势;另外,在相同饱和比下,壁面液滴的临界半径也小于球形液滴的临界半径.而在接触角小于90°时,情况则恰好相反.正是由于这双重原因,使得滴状冷凝的传热性能大大优于膜状冷凝的传热性能,并由此求出了冷凝器壁面液滴的最佳接触角.

     

    Using the criterion of the free energy,we prove that the mechanical equilibrium condition for liquid droups on the condenser surface depends on the angle of contact (α).For α>90°the chemical potential of liquid drops on the condenser surface is less than that of spherical drops with the same curvature.And the critical radius of the former is also less than that of the latter if they are at the same saturation level.For this reason the heat-transfer capability of liquid drops condensed on the walls of a vessel is stronger than that of the condensed liquid film.The suitable value is determined for the angle of contact.

     

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