The sigmoid-Volterra adaptive predictors are used to perform nonlinear adaptive predictive targeting control of chaos in continuous chaotic systems based on the nonlinear adaptive predictive principle of chaotic time series, where the nonlinear adaptive controller acts on only one-dimensional time series coming from the chaotic state of the controlled system. This adaptive predictive targeting controller can control the system to any desired state by means of adaptive cancellation. Computer simulation results on the Lorenz and Rǒssler systems are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of this nonlinear adaptive predictive targeting control method. The advantages of this new method are that it does not need to know the accurate equations or to identify the system′s model of the controlled chaotic systems.