An original model was presented for fast reconstruction of two-dimensional temperature distribution in participating medium using radiative information captured by charge-coupled device cameras. Compared with present models for temperature reconstruction, the model developed here is based on backward Monte Carlo method and reconstruction speed is faster, it is more efficient and can describe the scattering medium better. An exact two-dimensional temperature was assumed to be the reconstruction object and results show that even if there are measurement errors, the reconstructed temperature distribution can reproduce the original temperature distribution.