Using back-mask exposure technology，the hourglass-shaped X-ray compound refractive lens （XCRL） was made. Firstly，the theory of the refractive focusing of the hourglass-shaped XCRL was analyzed. Then the hourglass-shaped XCRL was manufactured using back-mask exposure technology for the first time，which avoids two-time masking and reduces the transfer times of the figure. The refractive focusing performance of the lens was tested with 10?keV monochromatic X-ray. The experimental results indicated that it has good focusing performance in one dimension, which is in general coincident with the calculated results.