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中国物理学会期刊

基于选择模式的幂律生成机制

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.58.2127

Power law phenomena based on human behaviors

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.58.2127
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  • 自然界与社会生活中存在多种性质迥异的幂律分布现象,因而对它们的研究具有广泛而深远的意义.研究了一类由于人类的选择行为而产生的幂律现象,提出了人类选择行为的两个特性:理性与自利.据此,通过小球选择试验构建了模型.研究发现,这类幂律现象中随机变量服从一种近似于Zipf分布的分布.此分布为首次提出的一种新分布,将它命名为偏序分布.网络中已有的统计数据表明,偏序分布比Zipf分布更真实的反应了网络中统计变量服从的分布.文中对偏序分布进行了理论分析,并通过约束条件的改变,生成了Yule分布;表述了Yule分布的物理意义,并构造了比Yule分布更具现实意义的分布.说明了选择理论在解释幂律现象方面的普遍适用性及模型的可扩展性.文中在幂律现象的成因上支持还原论,即简单的人类选择行为导致了普遍的幂律现象.

     

    Various phenomena governed by power law distributions are common in nature and in society, thus their study has broad and far-reaching significance. This paper focuses on a kind of power law phenomenon originating from human behaviors, for instance, popular web page or blog distribution and so on. It is pointed out that human behaviors are rational and selfinterested. On the basis of this, we established a model and found that variables of this kind obeyed a new distribution which was named as the Wei distribution rather than Zipf distribution. Based on Wei distribution, Yule distribution was generated through changing the restrictions. Moreover, in the paper, we describe the meaning of Yule distribution and set up a new distribution which would characterize the reallife conditions more faithfully. It is illustrated further that the human behavior theory could be applied generally to explaining this kind of power law phenomenon and the model could be expanded easily. Besides, we put forward a function to compare different kinds of distributions. This paper supports the reductionism in power law phenomena, which means that simple human behaviors lead power law to be universal.

     

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