The Sr4Al14O25: Eu2+,Sr4Al14O25: Eu2+， Dy3+ and Sr4Al14O25: Eu2+， Nd3+samples were synthesized by the conventional solid state reaction method. The influence of doping of Dy3+ or Nd3+ on trap levels of Sr4Al14O25: Eu2+ were studied. The results indicated that there are two trap levels with different depths， as shown in the thermoluminescence spetra of Sr4Al14O25: Eu2+， and the shallow trap level is suitable for electrons to escape at room temperature.The dopant Dy3+ enhances the concentration of electrons trapped by the shallow trap levels， leading to the notable increase of afterglow of Sr4Al14O25: Eu2+.The concentration of electrons trapped by deep trap levels were is by doping with Nd3+.Since the deep trap level is not appropriate for electron to escape at room temperature， the dopant of Nd3+does not improve the room temperature afterglow .