On the basis of studying the traditional adjoint method based on the steady flow solution and the steady solution of the adjoint equation, a new optimal aerodynamic design method called the dynamic evolution adjoint method is presented in this paper. This new method is based on the instantaneous solution of the unsteady flow governing equation and the instantaneous solution of the unsteady adoint equation. The dynamic evolution adjoint method has the advantage of both the adjoint method and the dynamic evolution method. The numerical results of many examples show that this new method is much more time saving than the traditional adjoint method and the accuracy of this new method can be the same as that of the traditional adjoint method.