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中国物理学会期刊

阵元随机均匀分布球面阵列联合噪声源定位方法

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.66.014303

Noise source identification by using near field acoustic holograpy and focused beamforming based on spherical microphone array with random unifrom distribution of elements

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.66.014303
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  • 基于球面传声器阵列的噪声源定位方法,设计加工了阵元随机均匀分布64元球面传声器阵列,研究了球面近场声全息和球谐函数模态展开聚焦波束形成联合噪声源定位识别方法,对算法的性能进行了仿真分析,并利用球面传声器阵列进行了噪声源的定位识别试验.研究表明,阵元随机均匀分布球面阵列具有全空间稳定的目标定位性能,球面近场声全息对低频近距离声源具有较高的定位精度,球谐函数模态展开聚焦波束形成对高频远距离声源具有较高的定位精度,将两种方法联合进行声源的定位识别,可以在较小孔径的球面阵列和较少阵元的条件下,在宽频带范围内获得对目标声源良好的定位性能.

     

    With the development of techlology, noise controlling has received wide attention in recent years. Noise source identification is the key step for noise controlling. Spherical microphone array, which can locate the noise source of arbitrary direction in three-dimensional space, has been widely used for noise source identification in recent years. Conventional methods of locating noise source include spherical near field acoustic holography and spherical focused beamforming. The acoustic quantities are reconstructed by using spherical near field acoustic holography method to realize the noise source identification, while the noise source can also be located by using focused beamforming based on spherical harmonic wave decomposition. However, both these methods have their own limitations when they are used in identifying the noise source. Spherical near field acoustic holography has low resolution at high frequency with a far distance from noise source to measurement array for noise source identification, whereas the spherically focused beamforming has low localization resolution at low frequency. Noise source identification is discussed here, and a 64-element microphone spherical array with randomly uniform distribution of elements is designed. The combination methods of noise source identification by using spherical near field acoustic holography and mode decomposition focused beamforming are investigated. The performance of the proposed combination method is simulated, and an experiment on noise source identification is carried out based on the designed spherical microphone array to test the validity of proposed method. Research results show that the high-resolution noise source identification can be achieved by using near field acoustic holography when reconstruction frequency is 100-1000 Hz with a distance 0.3-0.45 m from noise source to the center of spherical array, while high resolution of noise source localization can be achieved by using spherical wave decomposition beamforming when signal frequency is 1000-5000 Hz with a distance 0.5-3 m from noise source to the center of spherical array. Spherical array with random uniform distribution of elements maintains stable identification ability in all bearings. The spherical near field acoustic holography has high-resolution distinguishing ability in near field and at low frequency, while the focused beamforming method has high-resolution distinguishing ability in far field and at high frequency. Therefore the noise source can be efficiently identified by using the proposed combination method of near field holography and focused beamforming with less elements and small aperture spherical microphone array.

     

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