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中国物理学会期刊

铋层状氧化物单晶薄膜多铁性研究进展

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.67.20181159

Research progress of multiferroicity in Bi-layered oxide single-crystalline thin films

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.67.20181159
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  • 室温单相多铁材料非常稀缺,磁性元素掺杂的铋层状钙钛矿结构Aurivillius相氧化物是一类重要的单相室温多铁材料,但由于缺少单晶类样品,这一类多铁材料研究主要是围绕多晶类块体或者多晶薄膜展开,它们的磁、电等性能研究大都采用宏观探测方式,因此这类多铁材料的多铁性机理研究进行得非常困难.近年来在高质量单晶薄膜的基础上,研究了多种磁性元素掺杂和不同周期结构的铋层状氧化物多铁单晶薄膜.这些单晶薄膜在室温下大都具有层状面面内方向的铁电极化,以及比较小的室温磁化强度,低温区存在第二个磁性相变.通过X射线共振非弹性散射实验发现元素掺杂会改变金属和氧原子之间的氧八面体晶体场的劈裂,能够增强铁磁性.另一方面,通过极化中子反射实验发现薄膜主体的磁化强度远小于通常探测的宏观磁化强度,说明单晶薄膜中磁的来源及其磁电耦合机理和多晶块体很可能是不同的.铋层状单晶薄膜的多铁性对未来继续改善这类材料的多铁性能有很好的指导作用.

     

    Room temperature multiferroics with a single phase is very rare, and magnetic elements doped Bi-layered Aurivillius oxides are an important family of room temperature single phase multiferroics. However, due to the lack of single crystalline samples, the multiferroic related researches of these materials are mostly based on polycrystalline bulk or thin film samples. And the multiferroic characterizations are performed mostly by using the bulk type of samples. Therefore the studies of the origin and mechanism of the multiferroicity of these materials are extremely difficult. Recently, multiple magnetic elements doped singlecrystalline thin films have been successfully prepared, which makes it possible to study the physics mechanism of the Bi-layered Aurivillius oxides of multiferroicity. The current study shows that most of the single-crystalline thin films exhibit in-plane orientated spontaneous ferroelectric polarization and very weak room temperature magnetism. Moreover, at low temperatures the single-crystalline films exhibit a second magnetic transition. The resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments indicate that the doped structure exhibits a changed crystal field split, which may enhance the weak ferromagnetism through Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. On the other hand, the polarized neutron reflectivity experiments reveal that the single-crystalline thin film possesses much weaker room temperature magnetism than the bulk sample, which indicates that the origin of the magnetism and the magnetoelectric coupling in the single-crystalline samples are different from those in the polycrystalline samples. The current study of the multiferroicity in the single-crystalline Bi-layered Aurivillius thin film opens the road to designing better multiferroic systems of the Aurivillius materials.

     

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