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中国物理学会期刊

交变力磁力显微镜: 在三维空间同时观测静态和动态磁畴

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.68.20190510

Alternating magnetic force microscopy: simultaneous observation of static and dynamic magnetic field in three-dimensional space

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.68.20190510
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  • 传统磁力显微镜(MFM)的磁畴扫描是利用激光束反射探测探针和样品之间的静磁力. 因此, 对于MFM, 直接探测样品在交流磁场作用下的动态磁力仍然是一个挑战. 交变力磁力显微镜(A-MFM)使用Co-GdOx超顺磁探针可以实现在交流磁场(频率ωm)作用下探测动态磁力. 采集ωm和2ωm信号能准确地表示出样品的静态磁场(外加交流磁场对样品磁化状态没有影响)和动态磁场(外加交流磁场改变了样品磁化状态)的区域. 通过修改传统的tapping-lift扫描模式为一次tapping多次lift的扫描模式, A-MFM实现了三维空间的磁场探测. 本文证明了样品的静态和动态磁场随探针和样品之间距离z的变化, 满足Hz(z) = Hz(0)·exp(–kz). A-MFM可以研究材料的动态磁化过程, 也可以评价材料的磁均匀性(微观结构均匀性).

     

    In the scanning magnetic domain by using the conventional magnetic force microscopy (MFM), a laser beam reflection is used to detect the static magnetic force between probe and sample. Therefore, for the MFM, it is a challenge to directly detect the dynamic magnetic force between probe and sample under an external alternating-current (AC) magnetic field. In this study, it is proved that in an alternating magnetic force microscopy (A-MFM) a sensitive Co-GdOx superparamagnetic probe can be usedto detect the dynamic magnetic force under an external AC magnetic field (frequency ωm). In the present method, the magnetization of Co-GdOx probe is modulated by an external AC magnetic field. Collecting ωm and 2ωm signals by using the combination of phase-locked loop (PLL) and lock in amplifiers can accurately represent the static (DC, which stands for direct current) magnetic field areas (the external AC magnetic field has no effect on the magnetized status of the sample) and dynamic (AC) magnetic field areas (the external AC magnetic field changes the magnetized status of the sample) of an anisotropic Sr ferrite sintered magnet at the same time, respectively. The Sr ferrite sample is a single-domain-type magnet where magnetization mainly changes via magnetic rotation. The A-MFM method can measure the strength and identify the polarities of the static magnetic field of sample with a DC demagnetized state. By modifying the traditional tapping-lift mode into a tapping-multiply lift mode, the A-MFM by using superparamagnetic tips can measure the static and dynamic magnetic field distribution in three-dimensional (3D) space. It is proved that the static and dynamic magnetic field as a function of the distance z between probe and sample are both expressed as Hz(z) = Hz(0)·exp(–kz). The experimental data are consistent with the previous theoretical calculations. The A-MFM can be used to study the dynamic magnetization process and to evaluate the magnetic homogeneity (microstructural homogeneity) of magnetic materials.

     

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