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中国物理学会期刊

硅和锗量子计算材料研究进展

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.70.20211492

Research progress of silicon and germanium quantum computing materials

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.70.20211492
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  • 半导体量子点量子计算是实现固态量子计算的重要途径之一, 高质量量子计算材料制备是其中的关键. 硅和锗材料能够实现无核自旋的同位素纯化, 满足量子比特对长退相干时间的要求, 同时与当前的硅工艺兼容, 是实现半导体量子计算的重要材料平台. 本文首先概述了近年来半导体量子点量子计算领域取得的重要进展, 然后详细介绍了硅基硅/硅锗异质结、锗/硅锗异质结以及锗/硅一维线的制备方法、材料性质以及相应量子器件的研究进展, 最后对需要解决的关键技术问题以及未来的发展方向进行了展望.

     

    Semiconductor quantum dot is one of the promising ways to realize solid-state quantum computing. The key is to obtain high-quality semiconductor quantum computing materials. Silicon and germanium can be isotopically purified to achieve nuclear spin-free isotopes, meeting the requirement for long decoherence time. They are also compatible with the current CMOS technology, thus making them ideal material platforms for large scale integration. This review first summarizes the important progress of semiconductor quantum-dot quantum computing in recent years, then focuses on the material progress including the silicon-based Si/SiGe heterostructures, Ge/SiGe heterostructures, and Ge/Si one-dimensional wires, finally presents the outlook about the development of silicon and Ge quantum computing materials.

     

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