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中国物理学会期刊

稀释制冷机及其中的热交换问题

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.70.20211760

Dilution refrigerator and its heat transfer problems

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.70.20211760
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  • 在低温物理和量子信息科学等学科的研究中, 持续保持稳定的mK级低温是至关重要的. 稀释制冷机是用来获得极低温的制冷装置, 它利用了超流态4He与其同位素3He的混合溶液在超低温下的相分离效应. 热交换器的性能是决定连续循环工作制冷机性能的关键因素. 在极低温下, 氦与金属之间存在巨大的界面热阻(即卡皮查热阻), 利用多孔的烧结金属颗粒来提高接触面积, 可以有效地解决热交换问题. 因此, 研究极低温下金属颗粒与液氦之间的热交换, 并以此为指导研制高性能的银粉烧结换热器具有重要的应用价值.

     

    In the research of cryogenic physics and quantum information science, it is essential to maintain a steady low temperature of millikelvin regime continuously. Dilution refrigerator is a widely used refrigeration device to achieve extremely low temperature. It utilizes the phase separation effect of superfluid 4He and its isotope 3He mixed solution at ultra-low temperatures. The performance of heat exchanger is the key factor to determine the performance of continuous cycle refrigerating machine. At extremely low temperatures, there appears a huge interfacial thermal resistance between helium and metal (Kapitza resistance), and the problem of heat exchange can be effectively solved by using the porous sintered metal particles to increase the contact area. Therefore, it is of significance to study the heat exchange between metal particles and liquid helium at extremely low temperature and to develop the relevant high-performance sintered Ag powder heat exchanger.

     

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