-
激光脉冲辐照材料靶面产生的等离子体的演化过程会对靶面施加一脉冲式冲击压. 当被辐照的靶材为离散颗粒堆积物时, 激光冲击压在靶面能够驱动颗粒发生溅射现象. 本文选用中值直径分别为84, 109, 184, 234 μm且具有窄粒径分布的干燥石英砂堆积形成离散颗粒靶, 并采用波长为1064 nm的Nd: YAG 纳秒激光脉冲与其相互作用产生的冲击压驱动石英颗粒发生溅射, 同时通过高速摄像机记录溅射过程, 研究了粒径对激光驱动颗粒溅射动力学特征的影响. 通过分析高速影像发现, 激光驱动的颗粒溅射在时间尺度上可以分为两个特征明显的过程, 即持续百微秒垂直于靶面方向的快速早期溅射过程和持续几十毫秒扇形颗粒帘结构的慢速后期溅射过程. 前者对应的颗粒出射动能呈现出了随粒径的增加而增大的趋势, 后者对应的沿径向扩张的帘底直径D随时间
t 的演化规律遵循点源模型的描述: D\left(t\right)=\alpha t^\beta , 系数\mathrm\alpha 的拟合值随粒径的增加而减小, 幂指数\beta 的拟合值却呈现出了随粒径增加而增大的趋势. 通过细致考虑粒径依赖的颗粒在气流中的冲量耦合效率, 以及粒径依赖的激光与颗粒靶相互作用产生的等离子体特征, 对以上实验观察给予了合理的解释. 本研究加深了人们对激光驱动颗粒溅射机理的认识.When intense laser pulse irradiates a target surface, the energetic processes of generation and expansion of laser-induced plasma will affect a localized pressure impulse around the irradiation zone. As a result, pulsed laser ablating granular target can drive a physical phenomenon of grain ejection. In this work, taking dry glass beads with different grain sizes as an example of granular targets and using high-speed video camera, we experimentally investigate the grain-size dependent dynamics of grain ejection driven by nanosecond laser pulses. The measured video sequences clearly exhibit that the laser-driven grain ejection process can be separated into two regimes: early-stage fast ejecting process and later-stage slow ejecting process. We find that there exists an obvious grain size effect on the kinetic energy of grains in the early-stage ejecting process. In addition, the temporal evolution of transient ejection of a curtain diameterD\left(t\right) corresponding to the later-stage ejecting process obeys the well-known “point source” law,D\left(t\right)=\alpha t^\beta , where both parameters\alpha and\beta depend on grain size. The observations mentioned above can be reasonably explained by considering the grain size dependent efficiency of impulse coupling between grain and plasma flow and plasma features generated by interaction of laser pulse with granular targets. These experimental results improve the understanding of the mechanism of laser-driven grain ejection.-
Keywords:
- laser ablation /
- granular material /
- grain ejection /
- grain size
















下载: