The physical process and experimental phenomena of the interaction between highly charged heavy ions and atoms are very complex, particularly in the intermediate energy region, because of the limitation of accelerator and existing theoretical analysis, less systematic researches, incomplete atomic data, and not so high accuracy. The research of celestial element X-ray data is more scarce and the research of X-ray data of celestial elements is even more scarce. Helium-like C ions with 15–55 MeV kinetic energy provided by the HI-13 MV series accelerator of the China Institute of Atomic Energy are used to bombard Fe, Ni, Nb and Mo thick targets. The HpGe detectors are used to measure the K-X ray emission, and the corresponding K-X ray emission cross sections are obtained. Due to the different ionization degrees of the shell layers of various target atoms, the branching intensity ratio of K_β to K_α X rays emitted by Helium-like C ions interacting with Fe and Ni target atoms decreases with the increase of the kinetic energy of the incident ions, while the branching intensity ratio of K-X rays emitted by Nb and Mo target atoms does not change significantly. The K-X ray emission cross section of target atom is calculated by using the formula of thick target cross section, and compared with the results of different theoretical models and proton. The results show that with the increase of the kinetic energy of helium-like C ions, the total emission cross section of the K_β and K_α X ray emitted from Fe and Ni target atoms are most consistent with the BEA correction model considering multiple ionization, and the total emission cross section of K_β and K_α X ray emitted from Nb and Mo target atoms are closest to the theoretical values of PWBA model. When the energy of proton is the same as that of single nucleon C ion, the cross section of K-X ray produced by proton is about three orders of magnitude smaller than that produced by helium-like C ion.