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中国物理学会期刊

亚稳相钙钛矿稀土镍酸盐薄膜材料的可控生长与电子相变性质

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.73.20240584

Controllable growth and electronic phase transitions for metastable perovskite rare-earth nickelate films

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.73.20240584
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  • 稀土镍酸盐(ReNiO3, Re为镧系稀土元素)由特征温度场、氢化、临界电场及应力场等多物理参量引发的多重电子相变及物性突变引起了凝聚态物理和材料科学领域的广泛关注, 在突变式敏感电阻元器件、人工智能、能量转换及弱电场传感等领域展现出可观的应用前景. 然而, ReNiO3材料本征的热力学亚稳性仍制约其在关联电子器件中的实际应用. 本文利用激光分子束外延法制备出原子级平整的亚稳态ReNiO3 (Re = Nd, Sm及Nd1–xSmx)薄膜材料, 阐明高氧压原位退火在稳定其Ni3+扭曲钙钛矿结构中的关键作用, 结合同步辐 射和X射线光电子能谱等先进表征手段厘清ReNiO3薄膜材料的化学环境及电子结构, 并揭示出其各向异性的电子相变功能特性. 本文为制备原子级平整的亚稳态钙钛矿稀土镍酸盐薄膜材料提供了方向, 并引入全新的功能调控自由度——晶体学各向异性, 为进一步探索稀土镍酸盐材料体系中的新型电子相和功能特性奠定基础.

     

    The multiple electronic phase transition achieved in the metastable perovskite (ReNiO3, where Re denotes a lanthanide rare-earth element) by using critical temperature, hydrogenation, electrical field and interfacial strain has attracted considerable attention in condensed matter physics and materials science, making it promising applications in the critical temperature thermistor, artificial intelligence, energy conversion and weak electric field sensing. Nevertheless, the above abundant applications are still bottlenecked by the intrinsically thermodynamic metastability related to ReNiO3. Herein, we synthesize the atomic-level flat ReNiO3 film material with thermodynamic metastability using laser molecular beam epitaxy (LMBE) that exhibits excellent thermally-driven electronic phase transitions. Notably, the interfacial heterogeneous nucleation of ReNiO3 film can be triggered by the template effect of (001)-oriented LaAlO3 substrates, owing to the similar lattice constants between LaAlO3 substrate and ReNiO3 film. In addition, we elucidate the key role of in situ annealing under oxygen-enriched atmosphere in stabilizing the distorted perovskite structure related to ReNiO3. Apart from the depositing process related to LMBE, the ReNiO3 with heavy rare-earth composition exhibits a more distorted NiO6 octahedron and a higher Gibbs free energy that is rather difficult to synthesize by using physical vacuum deposition. As a representative case, the in situ annealing-assisted LMBE process cannot be utilized to deposit the SmNiO3 film, in which the impurity peaks related to Re2O3 and NiO are observed in its XRD spectra. With the assistance of X-ray photoelectron spectraoscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure, the valence state of nickel for ReNiO3 is found to be +3, and the t_2\mathrmg^6e_\mathrmg^1 configuration is observed. Considering the highly tunable electronic orbital configuration of ReNiO3 related to the NiO6 octahedron, co-occupying the A-site of perovskite structure with Nd and Sm elements regulates the transition temperature (TMIT) for ReNiO3 within a broad temperature range. Furthermore, we demonstrate the anisotropy in the electronic phase transitions for Nd1–xSmxNiO3, in which case the TMIT achieved in the Nd1–xSmxNiO3/LaAlO3 (111) heterostructure exceeds the one deposited on the (001)-oriented LaAlO3 substrate. The presently observed anisotropy in the electrical transportation for Nd1–xSmxNiO3 film material is related to the anisotropic in-plane NiO6 octahedron configuration triggered by differently oriented LaAlO3 substrates. The present work is expected to introduce a new degree of freedom to regulate the electronic phase transition, explore new electronic phase in ReNiO3 material system, and pave the way for growing atomic-level flat ReNiO3 film materials with expected electronic phase transitions.

     

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