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中国物理学会期刊

低反向漏电和高开关比自支撑准垂直GaN肖特基二极管

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.74.20250610

Quasi vertical GaN Schottky diode on self-supporting substrate with low reverse leakage and high switching ratio

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.74.20250610
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  • GaN基肖特基势垒二极管(SBD)器件具有功率密度高、转换效率高以及开关特性好等优点. GaN材料在异质外延过程中不可避免地会引入大量的位错, 而位错会导致器件的可靠性问题. 本文报道了一种在自支撑GaN衬底上生长并制备的超低位错密度N+/N GaN 准垂直SBD器件. 高分辨X射线衍射仪和原子力显微镜表征结果显示, 在自支撑GaN衬底上实现了总位错密度为1.01 × 108 cm–2, 表面均方根粗糙度为0.149 nm的高质量外延层的生长. 基于高质量外延层制备的器件在不使用任何终端、场板以及等离子体处理的情况下, 在反向电压为–5 V时表现出10–5 A/cm2的极低泄漏电流密度, 与在蓝宝石衬底上同步制备的对照组器件相比, 反向泄漏电流低4个数量级. 实验结果表明, 基于自支撑GaN衬底的准垂直GaN基SBD能够大幅度降低器件的反向漏电, 极大地提升准垂直SBD器件的电学性能. 使用微光显微镜对两组器件进行观察, 确定了准垂直SBD器件的泄漏电流主要集中在阳极边缘, 并解释了漏电机理. 最后对器件进行了变温测试, 在温度为100 ℃时, 仍表现出低于10–3 A/cm3的泄漏电流, 证明了自支撑GaN衬底上准垂直SBD器件具有优良的应用前景.

     

    GaN based Schottky barrier diode (SBD) possesses advantages including high power density, high conversion efficiency, and excellent switching characteristics. During heteroepitaxial growth of GaN, a high density of threading dislocations is inevitably introduced, which can degrade device reliability. This paper reports a low dislocation density N+/N GaN quasi-vertical SBD fabricated on a freestanding GaN substrate. The characterization results of high-resolution X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy demonstrate that the high-quality epitaxial layer with a total dislocation density of 1.01 × 108 cm–2 and a root mean square surface roughness of 0.149 nm is achieved on a freestanding GaN substrate. The device prepared based on a high-quality epitaxial layer exhibits an ultra-low leakage current density of 10–5 A/cm2 at a reverse voltage of –5 V, without employing any edge termination structures or field plates or plasma treatment. Compared with the devices prepared on sapphire substrates using identical processes, the device prepared in this work reduces the reverse leakage current by four orders of magnitude. The experimental results show that the quasi-vertical GaN based SBD fabricated on a freestanding GaN substrate significantly reduces reverse leakage current and substantially enhances the overall electrical performance of the device. By employing emission-microscope (EMMI), leakage current in quasi-vertical SBD is identified to be primarily localized at the anode edge, and the underlying leakage mechanism is elucidated. Finally, temperature-dependent measurements demonstrate that the device maintains a leakage current below 10–3 A/cm2 at 100 ℃, confirming the potential of quasi-vertical SBD on freestanding GaN substrate for practical applications.

     

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