Complex plasmas are composed of ionized gases and mesoscopic particles, representing a typical non-equilibrium complex system. The particles are negatively charged due to the higher thermal velocity of the electrons and interact with each other via Yukawa interactions. Due to the easy recording of the individual particles' motion through video microscopy, the generic processes in liquids and solids can be studied at a kinetic level in complex plasmas. Under microgravity conditions, the particles are confined in the bulk plasma and form a three-dimensional cloud. In the PK-4 Laboratory on the International Space Station, melamine formaldehyde particles with diameters of 6.8 μm and 3.4 μm are consecutively injected into the plasma discharge. Due to the electrostatic force and ion drag force, usually, the particles cannot be mixed in the same region, thereby leading to a phase separation. During the particle injections, small particles penetrate into the big particle clouds and self-organize in different ways under different conditions. When the number density of the big particles is low, small particles form a channel in the center of the discharge tube due to the Yukawa repulsion, where the big particle cloud is weakly confined. When the number density of the big particles is moderate, lanes are formed during the penetration of the small particles, representing a typical nonequilibrium self-organization. When the number density of the big particles is high, dust acoustic waves are self-excited due to the two-stream instability. As the small and big particles interact with each other, the number density of particles in the wave crests sharply increases. However, the wave numbers and frequencies remain unchanged. This investigation offers insights into the different self-organizations during the particle injections in three-dimensional binary complex plasmas under microgravity conditions.