相干X射线衍射成像技术及在材料学和生物学中的应用

范家东; 江怀东

doi:10.7498/aps.61.218702

摘要

无损获取高分辨率、高衬度微纳米材料结构图像, 并能够原位、定量分析是X射线成像技术发展方向之一. 最新发展起来的相干X射线衍射成像技术, 也称为无透镜成像技术, 为实现这一目标提供了可能. 本文介绍了相干X射线衍射成像技术的成像原理和发展过程, 以及在材料学和生物学中的一些典型应用和最新进展, 例如掺杂铋元素在硅晶体中的分布成像, GaN量子点壳层结构的三维高分辨成像, 染色大肠杆菌的二维成像, 鱼骨的二维成像及矿化机理研究, 单个未染色疱疹病毒的二维高衬度成像, 未染色酵母菌细胞的三维高分辨成像及原位定量分析. 最后对相干X射线衍射成像技术的发展方向做了展望. 随着X射线自由电子激光的应用和冷冻技术与相干X射线衍射成像技术的结合, 相干X射线衍射成像技术将得到快速的发展和广泛的应用.

关键词:

Abstract

In site quantitative, high-contrast and high-resolution imaging of micro/nanoscale material is an important goal of the X-ray microscopy and imaging. A novel method which is called lensless imaging or coherent X-ray diffraction imaging, is a promising approach to solving these problems. In this review, a brief introduction to imaging theory and development of coherent X-ray diffraction imaging, and some typical applications in material science and biology are presented. For instance, two-dimensional (2D) imaging of Bi dopant distribution in a Si crystal, quantitative three-dimensional (3D) imaging of a GaN quantum dot with core shell structure, 2D imaging of stained Escherichia coli bacteria, nanoscale imaging and mechanisms of biomineralization of fish bones, 2D high-contrast imaging of an unstained herpes virus, 3D high-resolution imaging of an unstained yeast cell and in situ quantitative analysis are illuminated. Finally, the future prospect of coherent X-ray diffraction imaging is given. With the development of X-ray free electron lasers and combining cryogenic techniques with coherent X-ray diffraction microscopy, coherent diffraction imaging will be a powerful tool and widely used in materials science and biology.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
山东大学晶体材料国家重点实验室, 济南 250100

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 51002089)、山东省自然科学杰出青年基金 (批准号: JQ201117)、教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金 (批准号: 20110131110016)、山东大学自主创新基金(批准号: 2010JQ004)和山东大学优秀研究生科研创新基金(批准号: yyx10104)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51002089), the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province, China (Grant No. JQ201117), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20110131110016), the Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University, China (Grant No. 2010JQ004) and the Graduate Innovation Foundation of Shandong University, China (Grant No. yyx10104).

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