稳定超疏水性表面的理论进展

王奔; 念敬妍; 铁璐; 张亚斌; 郭志光

doi:10.7498/aps.62.146801

摘要

自然界中很多动植物都具有稳定的超疏水性, 它们既拥有高接触角, 又拥有低滚动角, 且能长期稳定存在.通过对它们的研究, 发现表面的润湿性与表面的化学成分、表面的几何形貌有关, 并且表面几何结构的影响更为显著, 甚至可以实现由亲水性表面向超疏水转变. 虽然目前在这个领域已经有大量的实验验证了表面粗糙结构的重要作用, 但是对于表面微纳米结构对表面疏水性机理的理论研究还并不完善. 本文详细介绍了超疏水表面的基本理论及其适用性、接触角滞后现象, 分别从经典理论和能量的观点探讨了润湿状态转化发生的条件, 重点介绍了通过仿生理念对表面几何形貌的优化设计, 包括单尺度和多尺度表面结构对于设计稳定超疏水表面的作用. 最后, 对超疏水理论的不足和未来发展进行了展望.

关键词:

超疏水 /
仿生 /
接触角 /
滞后

Abstract

Controlling the wettability of solid surfaces is an important issue that has aroused the increasing interest from both fundamental and practical perspective by tailoring surface morphology and surface chemical compositions. The underlying theories for interpreting wetting phenomena still mainly focus on the Young's equation, the Wenzel equation, and the Cassie-Baxter equation, despite the fact that the wetting phenomena have been studied over the past decades. While there are a lot of experimental studies on wettability of surface roughness, there is still a lack of a thorough analysis of the contributions of micro and nano-scale roughness to wettability behavior despite interesting features these surfaces have. In this article, the basic theories and their applicabilities are addressed in detail, and the mutual transition between Wenzel state and Cassie-Baxter state is described from different viewpoints in general, and from single-scale and dual-scale point of view in particular. The design concept of geometrical model with stable superhydrophobicity is also described, which is based on the typical theories about wettability. Finally, some promising breakthroughs in the theoretical progress are proposed.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
湖北大学, 功能材料绿色制备与应用教育部重点实验室, 武汉 430062;

2.
中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所, 固体润滑国家重点实验室, 兰州 730000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 50902047, 31070155, 11172301)和中国科学院百人计划项目资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;

2.
State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50902047, 31070155, 11172301), and the Top Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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施引文献

[1]	Guo Z G, Liu W M 2007 Plant Science 172 1103
[2]	Bixler G D, Bhushan B 2012 Soft Matter 8 11271
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[4]	Wang J X, Zhang Y Z, Wang S T, Song Y L, Jiang L 2011 Acc. Chem. Res. 44 405
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[7]	Liu K S, Du J X, Wu J T, Jiang L 2012 Nanoscale 4 768
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[73]	Bormashenko E, Pogreb R, Whyman G, Erlich M 2007 Langmuir 23 6501
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[75]	Guo Z G, Su B L 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 082106
[76]	Jung Y C, Bhushan B 2008 J. Microsc. 229 127
[77]	Verplanck N, Galopin E, Camart J C, Thomy V 2007 Nano Lett. 7 813
[78]	Krupenkin T N, Taylor J A, Wang E N, Kolodner P, Hodes M, Salamon T R 2007 Langmuir 23 9128
[79]	Boreyko J B, Chen C H 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 174502
[80]	Liu G M, Fu L, Rode A V, Craig V S J 2011 Langmuir 27 2595
[81]	Lafuma A, Quéré D 2003 Nat. Mater. 2 457
[82]	Wang B, Li J, Wang G Y, Liang W X, Zhang Y B, Shi L, Guo Z G, Liu W M 2013 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 5 1827
[83]	Dupuis A, Yeomans J M 2005 Langmuir 21 2624
[84]	Koishi T, Yasuoka K, Fujikawa S, Ebisuzaki T, Zeng X C 2009 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 8435
[85]	Marmur A 2003 Langmuir 19 8343
[86]	Bhushan B, Jung Y C, Koch K 2009 Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 367 1631
[87]	Liu J L, Feng X Q, Wang G F, Yu S W 2007 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 19 356002
[88]	Whyman G, Bormashenko E 2011 Langmuir 27 8171
[89]	Xia F, Ge H, Hou Y, Sun T L, Chen L, Zhang G Z, Jiang L 2007 Adv. Mater. 19 2520
[90]	Uyama A, Yamazoe S, Shigematsu S, Morimoto M, Yokojima S, Mayama H, Kojima Y, Nakamura S, Uchida K 2011 Langmuir 27 6395
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