聚丙烯中电树枝生长机理研究

迟晓红; 高俊国; 郑杰; 张晓虹

doi:10.7498/aps.63.177701

摘要

耐电树枝老化特性是表征聚合物绝缘材料介电性能的重要参数之一. 聚丙烯（PP）是典型半结晶聚合物，其复杂的非均匀聚集态结构影响电树枝的生长. 本文对PP及加入成核剂的PP试样进行了耐电树枝化性能实验，通过偏光显微镜（PLM）及差示扫描量热法（DSC）分析加入成核剂前后PP的结晶形态、结晶度以及结晶结构对电树枝生长特征的影响. 以相界面自由能的热驱动作用以及放电雪崩理论为基础，对电树枝生长的热力学和动力学机理进行分析，阐明电场分布对电树枝生长的重要作用. 根据半结晶材料的结晶相和非晶相的物理性能，建立材料内部电场分布计算模型，模拟针-板电极条件下聚合物材料内部的局域电场分布情况，分析了电树枝通道的动力学生长特征，探讨了成核剂改变PP的结晶结构抑制电树枝沿电场生长的作用.

关键词:

Abstract

Growth property of electrical treeing is an important parameter to evaluate the insulation performance of a polymer. The complex non-uniform state of aggregation structure determines the electrical treeing growth in polypropylene (PP), a typical semi-crystalline polymer. In this paper, the electric treeing resistance property experiments for PP as well as the PP sample with nucleating agents are carried out. Effects of crystal shape, crystallinity, and crystalline structure on the electrical treeing growth characteristics in PP and PP with nucleating agents have been analyzed using polarized light microscopy (PLM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thermodynamic and dynamic mechanisms of electrical treeing propagation are represented respectively by the thermodynamically driven action of phase interfacial free energy and the discharge-avalanche theory, demonstrating the essential role of electric field distribution in electrical treeing growth. According to physical properties of crystalline phase and amorphous phase in semi-crystalline materials, a computational model of interior electric field distribution has been established to simulate local electric field distribution in the polymer material under needle-plate electrode configuration, and used to analyze the characteristics of electrical treeing channel growing along the grain boundary in semi-crystalline materials. Inhibition effects of crystalline structure changed due to the nucleating agents on electrical treeing growth along the electric field direction are investigated.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院, 工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150080

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划（批准号：2012CB723308）和国家自然科学基金（批准号：51077029）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB723308), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51077029).

参考文献

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[61]	Fothergill J C, Dissado L A, Sweeney P J J 1994 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 1 474
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[63]	Kudo K 1998 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 5 713
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[66]	Ding C, He H, Xue F, Guo B C, Jia D M 2006 Acta Polym. Sin. 3 377 (in Chinese)[丁超, 何慧, 薛峰, 郭宝春, 贾德民 2006 高分子学报 3 377]
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施引文献

[1]	Li D, Hu H Y 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 117701 (in Chinese)[李丹, 胡海云 2014 物理学报 63 117701]
[2]	Kim W J, Kim S H, Kim H J, Cho J W, Lee J S, Lee H G 2013 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 23 5401704
[3]
[4]
[5]	Liu F D, Yang B T, Tu D M, Liu Y N 1992 Acta Phys. Sin. 41 333 (in Chinese)[刘付德, 杨百屯, 屠德民, 刘耀南 1992 物理学报 41 333]
[6]	Uehara H, Kudo K 2011 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 18 162
[7]
[8]
[9]	Liao R J, Zhou T C, Liu L, Zhou Q 2011 Proceedings of the CSEE 31 136 (in Chinese)[廖瑞金, 周天春, 刘玲, 周湶 2011 中国电机工程学报 31 136]
[10]	Chi X H, Gao J G, Guo J H Zheng G W, Zhang X H 3013 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena Shenzhen, China, October 20-23, 2013 p5 27
[11]
[12]
[13]	Saad M H I, Ahmad M H, Arief Y Z, Ahmad H, Mohamed Piah M A 2013 Jurnal Teknologi 64 103
[14]	Wu K, Dissado L A 2005 Dielectr. Electr. Insul 12 655
[15]
[16]	Wu J D, Iizuka T, Monden K, Tanaka T 2012 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul 19 312
[17]
[18]	Ding H Z, Varlow B R 2005 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. 12 81
[19]
[20]
[21]	Chen X R, Xu Y, Liu Y, Cao X L 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 087701 (in Chinese)[陈向荣, 徐阳, 刘英, 曹晓珑 2012 物理学报 61 087701]
[22]	Liu Y, Cao X L 2013 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul 20 1691
[23]
[24]	Zhang H, Shang Y, Zhao H, Han B Z, Li Z S 2013 J. Mol. Model. 19 3035
[25]
[26]	Yao J L, An Z L, Mao M J, Zhang Y W, Xia Z F 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 6508 (in Chinese)[姚俊兰, 安振连, 毛明军, 张冶文, 夏钟福 2010 物理学报 59 6508]
[27]
[28]
[29]	Gao J G, Zhang H, Li L L, Zhang J, Guo N, Zhang X H 2013 Acta Polym. Sin. 1 126 (in Chinese)[高俊国, 张豪, 李丽丽, 张静, 郭宁, 张晓虹 2013 高分子学报 1 126]
[30]	Siegrist T, Jost P, Volker H, Woda M, Merkelbach P, Schlockermann C, Wuttig M 2011 Nat. Mater. 10 202
[31]
[32]	Gao J G, Hu H T, Zheng J, Yu L, Zhang X H 2010 Insul. Mater. 43 47 (in Chinese)[高俊国, 胡海涛, 郑杰, 俞利, 张晓虹 2010 绝缘材料 43 47]
[33]
[34]
[35]	Zhao L, Su J C, Pan Y F, Zhang X B 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 033102
[36]
[37]	Li S T, Huang Q F, Sun J, Zhang T, Li J Y 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 422 (in Chinese)[李盛涛, 黄奇峰, 孙健, 张拓, 李建英 2010 物理学报 59 422]
[38]	Zheng X Q, Xie A S, Li S T 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5490 (in Chinese)[郑晓泉, 谢安生, 李盛涛 2007 物理学报 56 5490]
[39]
[40]
[41]	Qureshi M I, Malik N H, Al-Arainy A A 2011 J. King Saud Univer. Eng. Sci. 23 43
[42]	Fothergill J. C, Dissado L A, Sweeney P J J 1994 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul 1 474
[43]
[44]
[45]	Liao R J, Zhou T C, Liu L, Zhou Q, Wang K 2012 Trans. Chin. Electrotechn. Soc. 27 63 (in Chinese)[廖瑞金, 周天春, 刘玲, 周湶, 汪可 2012 电工技术学报 27 63]
[46]	Zhang X H, Chi X H, Gao J G, Wang W 2013 Trans. Chin. Electrotechn. Soc. 28 14 (in Chinese)[张晓虹, 迟晓红, 高俊国, 王伟 2013 电工技术学报 28 14]
[47]
[48]	Li S T, Zheng X Q 2006 Polymer Electrical Treeing (Beijing: China Machine Press) p3 (in Chinese)[李盛涛, 郑晓泉2006聚合物电树枝化(北京: 机械工业出版社)第3页]
[49]
[50]	Chen X R, Xu Y, Cao X L, Dodd S J, Dissado L A 2011 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul 18 847
[51]
[52]	Schurch R, Rowland S. M, Withers P J 2012 IEEE International Conference on In Imaging Systems and Techniques Manchester, UK, July 16-17 2012 p4 09
[53]
[54]	Champion J V, Dodd S J 2001 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 34 1235
[55]
[56]	Xie A S, Li S T, Zheng X Q 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3828 (in Chinese)[谢安生, 李盛涛, 郑晓泉 2008 物理学报 57 3828]
[57]
[58]	Ding H Z, Xing X S, Zhu H S 1994 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 27 591
[59]
[60]
[61]	Fothergill J C, Dissado L A, Sweeney P J J 1994 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 1 474
[62]
[63]	Kudo K 1998 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 5 713
[64]
[65]	Crine J P 1997 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 4 487
[66]	Ding C, He H, Xue F, Guo B C, Jia D M 2006 Acta Polym. Sin. 3 377 (in Chinese)[丁超, 何慧, 薛峰, 郭宝春, 贾德民 2006 高分子学报 3 377]
[67]

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