利用衍射光栅探测涡旋光束轨道角动量态的研究进展

付时尧; 高春清

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20171899

摘要

涡旋光束是一种携带有轨道角动量的光束，在光学扳手、光通信、旋转探测等领域具有重要的应用价值.由于轨道角动量态是涡旋光束的特征值，因此如何探测光束的轨道角动量态分布至关重要.国内外学者已经提出了多种探测涡旋光束的技术，如干涉法、衍射光栅法、多普勒分析法、超材料表面法等.这些技术中，衍射光栅测量法较为简单易行，应用较广.本综述主要介绍了几种当前利用衍射光栅测量涡旋光束轨道角动量态的主流方法，同时也介绍了如何利用衍射光栅来测量光束的轨道角动量谱.

关键词:

Abstract

Optical vortices are a new kind of laser beam and receiving more and more attention currently.The complex amplitudes of optical vortices comprise a helical term exp (il),with l being the topological charge and the azimuthal angle.Each photon in optical vortices carries the orbital angular momentum (OAM) with a value of lħ,where ħ is the Planck's constant divided by 2.The topological charge l is the eigenvalue of optical vortices,and determines the helical wavefront distribution,thus also known as OAM state.Moreover,such an OAM state can be an infinite integer state. And vortices with various OAM states are orthogonal to each other,making it possible to be employed in high capacity data-transmission system.In addition,the above unique features contribute to their widely applications in lots of areas such as optical tweezers and spanners,rotation detection,quantum entanglement,etc.In these applications,detecting OAM states is basic,and greatly significant.Recently researchers have developed lots of approaches to detecting the OAM states,including the methods of interference,diffraction gratings,metasurface,etc.Of such approaches,the scheme of diffraction gratings is the simplest and most widely used,where one or more diffraction gratings are employed. When optical vortices propagate through such gratings,the OAM states are acquired immediately through capturing and analyzing the distinct OAM-related diffraction patterns.In this review,we focus on the techniques of detecting OAM states through diffraction gratings,which have been demonstrated by our group and other researchers.Some of the main detection gratings,including double-slit,triangle aperture and slit,angular slit,cylindrical lens,graduallychanging-period grating,annular grating,are introduced.In addition,schemes like composite fork grating,Dammann vortex grating and integrated Dammann grating,are presented to detect the OAM state for coaxial multiplexed vortices. Besides diagnosing OAM state,measuring the intensity proportion of each OAM channel,known as OAM spectrum, in multiplexed vortices is also necessary in some cases.Therefore we also introduce the ways to measure the OAM spectrum,e.g.the OAM mode sorter,the gray-scale algorithm.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
北京理工大学光电学院, 北京 100081

通信作者: 高春清, gao@bit.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划（批准号：2014CB340002，2014CB340004）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Corresponding author: Gao Chun-Qing, gao@bit.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2014CB340002, 2014CB340004).

参考文献

[1]	Yao A M, Padgett M J 2011 Adv. Opt. Photon. 3 161
[2]	Allen L, Beijersbergen M W, Spreeuw R J C, et al. 1992 Phys. Rev. A 45 8185
[3]	Volke-Sepulveda K, Garcs-Chvez V, Chvez-Cerda S, et al. 2002 J. Opt. B, Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 4 S82
[4]	Vasara A, Turunen J, Friberg A T 1989 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 6 1748
[5]	Kotlyar V V, Skidanov R V, Khonina S N, Soifer V A 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 742
[6]	Amos B, Gill P 1995 Meas. Sci. Technol. 6 248
[7]	Fu S, Gao C, Shi Y, et al. 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 1775
[8]	Liu S, Li P, Peng T, Zhao J 2012 Opt. Express 20 21715
[9]	Fu S, Zhang S, Gao C 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 30765
[10]	Wang J, Yang J Y, Fazal I M, et al. 2012 Nat. Photon. 6 488
[11]	Bozinovic N, Yue Y, Ren Y, et al. 2013 Science 340 1545
[12]	Willner A E, Huang H, Yan Y, et al. 2015 Adv. Opt. Photon. 7 66
[13]	Yu S 2015 Opt. Express 23 3075
[14]	Belmonte A, Rosales-Guzman C, Torres J P 2015 Optica 2 1002
[15]	Ryabtsev A, Pouya S, Safaripour A, et al. 2016 Opt. Express 24 11762
[16]	Lavery M P J, Speirits F C, Barnett S M, et al. 2013 Science 341 537
[17]	Fu S, Wang T, Zhang Z, Zhai Y, Gao C 2017 Opt. Express 25 20098
[18]	Basistiy I V, Bazhenov V, Soskin M S, et al. 1993 Opt. Commun. 103 422
[19]	Harris M, Hill C, Tapster P, et al. 1994 Phys. Rev. A 49 3119
[20]	Soskin M, Gorshkov V, Vasnetsov M, et al. 1997 Phys. Rev. A 56 4064
[21]	Leach J, Padgett M J, Barnett S M, et al. 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 257901
[22]	Wei H, Xue X, Leach J, Padgett M J, et al. 2003 Opt. Commun. 223 117
[23]	Leach J, Courtial J, Skeldon K, et al. 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 013601
[24]	Vasnetsov M V, Torres J P, Petrov D V, et al. 2003 Opt. Lett. 28 2285
[25]	Yu N, Capasso F 2014 Nat. Mater. 13 139
[26]	Jin J, Luo J, Zhang X, et al. 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 24286
[27]	Liu J, Min C, Lei T, et al. 2016 Opt. Express 24 212
[28]	Sztul H I, Alfano R R 2006 Opt. Lett. 31 999
[29]	Emile O, Emile J 2014 Appl. Phys. B 117 487
[30]	Hickmann J M, Fonseca E J, Soares W C, et al. 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 053904
[31]	Soares W C, Vidal I, Caetano D P, Fonseca E J, Chvez-Cerda S, Hickmann J M 2008 Frontiers in Optics Rochester, New York, United States, October 19-23, 2008 pFThO2
[32]	Stahl C, Gbur G 2016 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 33 1175
[33]	Liu Y, Tao H, Pu J, et al. 2011 Opt. Laser Technol. 43 1233
[34]	Liu R, Long J, Wang F, et al. 2013 J. Opt. 15 125712
[35]	Fu D, Chen D, Liu R, et al. 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 788
[36]	Zhu J, Zhang P, Fu D, et al. 2016 Photon. Res. 4 187
[37]	Beijersbergen M W, Allen L, van der Veen H E L O, Woerdman J P 1993 Opt. Commun. 96 123
[38]	Gao C, Wei G, Weber H 2001 Chin. Phys. Lett. 18 771
[39]	Gao M W, Gao C Q, He X Y, et al. 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 413 (in Chinese) [高明伟, 高春清, 何晓燕, 等 2004 物理学报 53 413]
[40]	Serna J, Encinas-Sanz F, Neme G 2001 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 18 1726
[41]	Denisenko V G, Soskin M S, Vasnetsov M V 2002 Proc. SPIE 4607 54
[42]	Denisenko V, Shvedov V, Desyatnikov A S, Neshev D N, Krolikowski W, Volyar A, Soskin M, Kivshar Y S 2009 Opt. Express 17 23374
[43]	Alperin S N, Niederriter R D, Gopinath J T, et al. 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 5019
[44]	Vaity P, Banerji J, Singh R P 2013 Phys. Lett. A 377 1154
[45]	Chaitanya N A, Jabir M V, Samanta G K 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 1348
[46]	Dai K, Gao C, Zhong L, et al. 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 562
[47]	Li Y, Deng J, Li J, et al. 2016 IEEE Photon. J. 8 7902306
[48]	Fu S, Wang T, Gao Y, Gao C 2016 Chin. Opt. Lett. 14 080501
[49]	Zheng S, Wang J 2017 Sci. Rep. 7 40781
[50]	Gibson G, Courtial J, Barnett S, et al. 2004 Proc. SPIE 5550 p367
[51]	Gibson G, Courtial J, Padgett M, et al. 2004 Opt. Express 12 5448
[52]	Xin J T 2013 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology) (in Chinese) [辛璟焘 2013 博士学位论文 (北京: 北京理工大学)]
[53]	Moreno I, Davis J A, Pascoguin B M, et al. 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 2927
[54]	Zhang N, Burge R E, Yuan X C 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3495
[55]	Fu S, Wang T, Zhang S, Gao C 2016 Appl. Opt. 55 1514
[56]	Berkhout G C, Lavery M P J, Courtial J, et al. 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 153601
[57]	Lavery M P J, Berkhout G C G, Courtial J, et al. 2011 J. Opt. 13 064006
[58]	Lavery M P J, Robertson D J, Berkhout G C G, et al. 2012 Opt. Express 20 2110
[59]	Mirhosseini M, Malik M, Shi Z, et al. 2013 Nat. Commun. 4 2781
[60]	Fu S, Zhang S, Wang T, Gao C 2016 Opt. Express 24 6240

施引文献

[1]	Yao A M, Padgett M J 2011 Adv. Opt. Photon. 3 161
[2]	Allen L, Beijersbergen M W, Spreeuw R J C, et al. 1992 Phys. Rev. A 45 8185
[3]	Volke-Sepulveda K, Garcs-Chvez V, Chvez-Cerda S, et al. 2002 J. Opt. B, Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 4 S82
[4]	Vasara A, Turunen J, Friberg A T 1989 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 6 1748
[5]	Kotlyar V V, Skidanov R V, Khonina S N, Soifer V A 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 742
[6]	Amos B, Gill P 1995 Meas. Sci. Technol. 6 248
[7]	Fu S, Gao C, Shi Y, et al. 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 1775
[8]	Liu S, Li P, Peng T, Zhao J 2012 Opt. Express 20 21715
[9]	Fu S, Zhang S, Gao C 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 30765
[10]	Wang J, Yang J Y, Fazal I M, et al. 2012 Nat. Photon. 6 488
[11]	Bozinovic N, Yue Y, Ren Y, et al. 2013 Science 340 1545
[12]	Willner A E, Huang H, Yan Y, et al. 2015 Adv. Opt. Photon. 7 66
[13]	Yu S 2015 Opt. Express 23 3075
[14]	Belmonte A, Rosales-Guzman C, Torres J P 2015 Optica 2 1002
[15]	Ryabtsev A, Pouya S, Safaripour A, et al. 2016 Opt. Express 24 11762
[16]	Lavery M P J, Speirits F C, Barnett S M, et al. 2013 Science 341 537
[17]	Fu S, Wang T, Zhang Z, Zhai Y, Gao C 2017 Opt. Express 25 20098
[18]	Basistiy I V, Bazhenov V, Soskin M S, et al. 1993 Opt. Commun. 103 422
[19]	Harris M, Hill C, Tapster P, et al. 1994 Phys. Rev. A 49 3119
[20]	Soskin M, Gorshkov V, Vasnetsov M, et al. 1997 Phys. Rev. A 56 4064
[21]	Leach J, Padgett M J, Barnett S M, et al. 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 257901
[22]	Wei H, Xue X, Leach J, Padgett M J, et al. 2003 Opt. Commun. 223 117
[23]	Leach J, Courtial J, Skeldon K, et al. 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 013601
[24]	Vasnetsov M V, Torres J P, Petrov D V, et al. 2003 Opt. Lett. 28 2285
[25]	Yu N, Capasso F 2014 Nat. Mater. 13 139
[26]	Jin J, Luo J, Zhang X, et al. 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 24286
[27]	Liu J, Min C, Lei T, et al. 2016 Opt. Express 24 212
[28]	Sztul H I, Alfano R R 2006 Opt. Lett. 31 999
[29]	Emile O, Emile J 2014 Appl. Phys. B 117 487
[30]	Hickmann J M, Fonseca E J, Soares W C, et al. 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 053904
[31]	Soares W C, Vidal I, Caetano D P, Fonseca E J, Chvez-Cerda S, Hickmann J M 2008 Frontiers in Optics Rochester, New York, United States, October 19-23, 2008 pFThO2
[32]	Stahl C, Gbur G 2016 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 33 1175
[33]	Liu Y, Tao H, Pu J, et al. 2011 Opt. Laser Technol. 43 1233
[34]	Liu R, Long J, Wang F, et al. 2013 J. Opt. 15 125712
[35]	Fu D, Chen D, Liu R, et al. 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 788
[36]	Zhu J, Zhang P, Fu D, et al. 2016 Photon. Res. 4 187
[37]	Beijersbergen M W, Allen L, van der Veen H E L O, Woerdman J P 1993 Opt. Commun. 96 123
[38]	Gao C, Wei G, Weber H 2001 Chin. Phys. Lett. 18 771
[39]	Gao M W, Gao C Q, He X Y, et al. 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 413 (in Chinese) [高明伟, 高春清, 何晓燕, 等 2004 物理学报 53 413]
[40]	Serna J, Encinas-Sanz F, Neme G 2001 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 18 1726
[41]	Denisenko V G, Soskin M S, Vasnetsov M V 2002 Proc. SPIE 4607 54
[42]	Denisenko V, Shvedov V, Desyatnikov A S, Neshev D N, Krolikowski W, Volyar A, Soskin M, Kivshar Y S 2009 Opt. Express 17 23374
[43]	Alperin S N, Niederriter R D, Gopinath J T, et al. 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 5019
[44]	Vaity P, Banerji J, Singh R P 2013 Phys. Lett. A 377 1154
[45]	Chaitanya N A, Jabir M V, Samanta G K 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 1348
[46]	Dai K, Gao C, Zhong L, et al. 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 562
[47]	Li Y, Deng J, Li J, et al. 2016 IEEE Photon. J. 8 7902306
[48]	Fu S, Wang T, Gao Y, Gao C 2016 Chin. Opt. Lett. 14 080501
[49]	Zheng S, Wang J 2017 Sci. Rep. 7 40781
[50]	Gibson G, Courtial J, Barnett S, et al. 2004 Proc. SPIE 5550 p367
[51]	Gibson G, Courtial J, Padgett M, et al. 2004 Opt. Express 12 5448
[52]	Xin J T 2013 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology) (in Chinese) [辛璟焘 2013 博士学位论文 (北京: 北京理工大学)]
[53]	Moreno I, Davis J A, Pascoguin B M, et al. 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 2927
[54]	Zhang N, Burge R E, Yuan X C 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3495
[55]	Fu S, Wang T, Zhang S, Gao C 2016 Appl. Opt. 55 1514
[56]	Berkhout G C, Lavery M P J, Courtial J, et al. 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 153601
[57]	Lavery M P J, Berkhout G C G, Courtial J, et al. 2011 J. Opt. 13 064006
[58]	Lavery M P J, Robertson D J, Berkhout G C G, et al. 2012 Opt. Express 20 2110
[59]	Mirhosseini M, Malik M, Shi Z, et al. 2013 Nat. Commun. 4 2781
[60]	Fu S, Zhang S, Wang T, Gao C 2016 Opt. Express 24 6240

[1]	张卓, 张景风, 孔令军. 基于光束偏移器的光的轨道角动量分束器. 物理学报, 2024, 73(7): 074201. doi: 10.7498/aps.73.20231874
[2]	吴航, 陈燎, 舒学文, 张新亮. 基于飞秒激光加工长周期光栅的全光纤三阶轨道角动量模式的产生. 物理学报, 2023, 72(4): 044201. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20221928
[3]	徐梦敏, 李晓庆, 唐荣, 季小玲. 风控热晕对双模涡旋光束大气传输的轨道角动量和相位奇异性的影响. 物理学报, 2023, 72(16): 164202. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20230684
[4]	范钰婷, 朱恩旭, 赵超樱, 谭维翰. 基于电光晶体平板部分相位调制动态产生涡旋光束. 物理学报, 2022, 71(20): 207801. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20220835
[5]	蒋基恒, 余世星, 寇娜, 丁召, 张正平. 基于平面相控阵的轨道角动量涡旋电磁波扫描特性. 物理学报, 2021, 70(23): 238401. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20211119
[6]	吴文兵, 圣宗强, 吴宏伟. 平板式螺旋相位板的设计与应用. 物理学报, 2019, 68(5): 054102. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20181677
[7]	施建珍, 杨深, 邹亚琪, 纪宪明, 印建平. 用四台阶相位板产生涡旋光束. 物理学报, 2015, 64(18): 184202. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.184202
[8]	施建珍, 许田, 周巧巧, 纪宪明, 印建平. 用波晶片相位板产生角动量可调的无衍射涡旋空心光束. 物理学报, 2015, 64(23): 234209. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.234209
[9]	柯熙政, 谌娟, 杨一明. 在大气湍流斜程传输中拉盖高斯光束的轨道角动量的研究. 物理学报, 2014, 63(15): 150301. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.150301
[10]	翁永超, 况龙钰, 高南, 曹磊峰, 朱效立, 王晓华, 谢常青. 反射式单级衍射光栅. 物理学报, 2012, 61(15): 154203. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.154203
[11]	齐晓庆, 高春清, 辛璟焘, 张戈. 基于激光光束轨道角动量的8位数据信号产生与检测的实验研究. 物理学报, 2012, 61(17): 174204. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.174204
[12]	齐晓庆, 高春清. 螺旋相位光束轨道角动量态测量的实验研究. 物理学报, 2011, 60(1): 014208. doi: 10.7498/aps.60.014208
[13]	柯熙政, 卢宁, 杨秦岭. 单光子轨道角动量的传输特性研究. 物理学报, 2010, 59(9): 6159-6163. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.6159
[14]	齐晓庆, 高春清, 刘义东. 利用相位型衍射光栅生成能量按比例分布的多个螺旋光束的研究. 物理学报, 2010, 59(1): 264-270. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.264
[15]	刘曼, 陈小艺, 李海霞, 宋洪胜, 滕树云, 程传福. 利用干涉光场的相位涡旋测量拉盖尔-高斯光束的轨道角动量. 物理学报, 2010, 59(12): 8490-8498. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.8490
[16]	吕宏, 柯熙政. 具有轨道角动量光束入射下的单球粒子散射研究. 物理学报, 2009, 58(12): 8302-8308. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.8302
[17]	苏志锟, 王发强, 路轶群, 金锐博, 梁瑞生, 刘颂豪. 基于光子轨道角动量的密码通信方案研究. 物理学报, 2008, 57(5): 3016-3021. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.3016
[18]	高明伟, 高春清, 林志锋. 扭转对称光束的产生及其变换过程中的轨道角动量传递. 物理学报, 2007, 56(4): 2184-2190. doi: 10.7498/aps.56.2184
[19]	董一鸣, 徐云飞, 张璋, 林强. 复杂像散椭圆光束的轨道角动量的实验研究. 物理学报, 2006, 55(11): 5755-5759. doi: 10.7498/aps.55.5755
[20]	高明伟, 高春清, 何晓燕, 李家泽, 魏光辉. 利用具有轨道角动量的光束实现微粒的旋转. 物理学报, 2004, 53(2): 413-417. doi: 10.7498/aps.53.413

计量

文章访问数: 9750
PDF下载量: 760
被引次数: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

搜索

留言板